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Analysis of language comprehension and expression abilities in children with language barrier  Ma Liang, Shan Yanchun, Liu Xiaomei, Fu Peng, Ran Ni, Yi Mingji International Medicine and Health Guidance News    2022, 28 (14): 2028-2032.   DOI: 10.3760/cma.j.issn.1007-1245.2022.14.023 Abstract （1910）            Knowledge map    Save Objective To explore the language expression and language comprehension abilities in children with language barrier, and to provide important references for the diagnosis and differential diagnosis. Methods From May 2020 to March 2022, 60 children with expressive language barrier and 60 children with receptive language barrier who were diagnosed in Department of Child Health, Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University were selected as the experimental group, and 70 children with global developmental delay who were treated in the outpatient clinic during the same period were selected as the disease control group, and 64 normal children who underwent the developmental screening of outpatient physical examination during the same period were selected as the normal control group. In the expressive language barrier group, there were 38 males and 22 females, aged (29.13±4.99) months; in the receptive language barrier group, there were 36 males and 24 females, aged (31.67±9.33) months; in the disease control group, there were 45 males and 25 females, aged (29.44±7.95) months; in the normal control group, there were 43 males and 21 females, aged (30.05±6.64) months. The language comprehension and expression abilities were evaluated by the Infant-Toddler Language Development Scale, and the neuropsychological development was assessed by the Neuropsychological Development Scale for Children 0-6 Year-Old. Statistical analysis was performed by one-way ANOVA, SNK-q test, and χ 2 test. Results In the expressive language barrier group, the expressive language age was (15.962±7.410) months, the comprehensible language age was (22.863±6.235) months, the expressive language score was (52.885±19.216) points, and the comprehensible language score was (78.205±17.100) points; those in the receptive language barrier group were (16.183±7.253) months, (18.770±7.652) months, (49.050±14.038) points, and (58.043±12.050) points; there were statistically significant differences compared with those in the normal control group [(35.939±11.127) months, (35.908±11.211) months, (117.804±22.277) points, and (117.857±22.498) points] and the disease control group [(11.461±5.360) months, (12.506±3.321) months, (37.640±10.732) points, and (44.353±14.106) points] (all P<0.05). There were statistically significant differences in the comprehensible language age and comprehensible language score between the expressive language barrier group and the receptive language barrier group (all P<0.05). In the expressive language barrier, the actual age difference of expressing, actual age difference of understanding, and actual age difference of understanding-then-expressing were (-13.172±4.225) months, (-6.270±4.337) months, and (-5.622±5.274) months, there were statistically significant differences compared with those in the normal control group [(5.877±6.820) months, (5.839±6.865) months, and (-0.188±1.053) months], the disease control group [(-17.231±5.534) months, (-16.866±7.317) months, and (-3.574±3.036) months], and the receptive language barrier group [(-15.483±4.318) months, (-12.897±4.048) months, and (-3.580±1.872) months] (all P<0.05). There were statistically significant differences in the above aspects between the normal control group and the receptive language barrier group (all P<0.05). There was a statistically significant difference in the actual age difference of understanding between the disease control group and the receptive language barrier group ( P<0.05). Conclusions The language comprehension and expression abilities in children with expressive language barrier and receptive language barrier are lagging behind those in the normal control group. The actual age difference of expressing, actual age difference of understanding, and actual age difference of understanding- then-expressing have important references for distinguishing the types of language barrier. Reference | Related Articles | Metrics

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Risk factors of intracranial hemorrhage in premature infants with gestational age less than 34 weeks Wang Hairu, Zhang Youxiang, Ou Qiaoqun, Luo Meijuan, Lin Zexuan International Medicine and Health Guidance News    2022, 28 (14): 2023-2027.   DOI: 10.3760/cma.j.issn.1007-1245.2022.14.022 Abstract （1789）            Knowledge map    Save Objective To analyze the risk factors of intracranial hemorrhage in premature infants with gestational age less than 34 weeks. Methods The clinical data of 187 premature infants with gestational age less than 34 weeks who were hospitalized in neonatal intensive care unit (NICU) of Guangzhou First People's Hospital from January 2016 to December 2021 were selected for analysis. Fifty-three premature infants with gestational age <34 weeks whose imaging findings indicated intracranial hemorrhage were selected as a intracranial hemorrhage group, and 134 premature infants with gestational age <34 weeks whose imaging findings did not indicate intracranial hemorrhage were selected as a control group. The clinical data of the two groups were collected for a retrospective study. Univariate analysis [independent sample t test, χ 2 test, and Fisher's exact probability method] and multivariate logistic regression analysis were used to analyze the risk factors for intracranial hemorrhage in premature infants. Results In the intracranial hemorrhage group, there were 26 males and 27 females, with a gestational age of (30.22±2.31) weeks; in the control group, there were 70 males and 64 females, with a gestational age of (32.04±1.49) weeks. Univariate analysis showed that there were no statistically significant differences in the rates of cesarean section, mother ≥35 years old, test tube baby, twins, amniotic fluid contamination, gestational diabetes, gestational hypertension, placental abruption, premature rupture of membrane, and placenta previa between the two groups (all P>0.05); the rates of gestational age <30 weeks, body weight <1.5 kg, prenatal chorioamnionitis, intrauterine distress, intrauterine infection, Apgar score ≤7 at birth, neonatal respiratory distress syndrome, patent ductus arteriosus, mechanical ventilation, pulmonary hemorrhage, and platelet count (PLT) <150×10 9/L in the intracranial hemorrhage group were 43.40% (23/53), 58.49% (31/53), 50.94% (27/53), 43.40% (23/53), 28.30% (15/53), 47.17% (25/53), 83.02% (44/53), 52.83% (28/53), 84.91% (45/53), 11.32% (6/53), and 16.98% (9/53), which were higher than those in the control group [10.45% (14/134), 30.60% (41/134), 34.33% (46/134), 8.21% (11/134), 12.69% (17/134), 20.15% (27/134), 58.21% (78/134), 26.12% (35/134), 55.22% (74/134), 1.49% (2/134), and 0.75% (1/134)], with statistically significant differences (all P<0.05); the prenatal usage rates of magnesium sulfate and dexamethasone in the intracranial hemorrhage group were 60.38% (32/53) and 49.06% (26/53), respectively, which were lower than 85.82% (115/134) and 71.64% (96/134) in the control group, with statistically significant differences (both P<0.05). Multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that gestational age <30 weeks, intrauterine infection, intrauterine distress, and PLT <150×10 9/L were independent risk factors for intracranial hemorrhage in premature infants, while prenatal usage of magnesium sulfate was an independent protective factor for intracranial hemorrhage in premature infants (all P<0.05). Conclusion To reduce the incidence of intracranial hemorrhage in premature infants, comprehensive evaluation, early detection, early diagnosis, and early treatment should be conducted in clinical work. Reference | Related Articles | Metrics

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Application of 256-slice spectral CT imaging parameters in the diagnosis and treatment guidance of lung adenocarcinoma Zeng Yanni, Wei Huihui, Mei Zou International Medicine and Health Guidance News    2022, 28 (14): 2018-2022.   DOI: 10.3760/cma.j.issn.1007-1245.2022.14.021 Abstract （1404）            Knowledge map    Save Objective To explore the value of 256-slice spectral CT imaging parameters in the diagnosis and treatment guidance of lung adenocarcinoma. Methods A total of 120 patients with lung adenocarcinoma and 83 patients with lung squamous cell carcinoma who were admitted to Hubei Third People's Hospital Affiliated to Jianghan University from May 2018 to January 2022 were selected as the research subjects. All patients underwent 256-slice spectral CT imaging, and the spectral CT imaging parameters were compared between the two groups. The value of spectral CT imaging parameters in the diagnosis of lung adenocarcinoma and lung squamous cell carcinoma was analyzed. The patients with lung adenocarcinoma were grouped according to the curative effect of targeted therapy, and the spectral CT imaging parameters before and after treatment were compared between the effective group and the ineffective group. The relationship between spectral CT imaging parameters and curative effect was analyzed. t test, χ 2 test, receiver operating characteristic curve (ROC), and Spearman correlation analysis were used. Results There were 76 males and 44 females in the lung adenocarcinoma group, with an age of (45.26±2.95) years old; there were 58 males and 25 females in the lung squamous cell carcinoma group, with an age of (45.11±2.07) years old. The calcium content, effective atomic number, iodine concentration, and slope of energy spectrum curve in the lung adenocarcinoma group were (3.16±0.86) mg/ml, (7.79±0.05), (6.76±0.96) g/L, and (0.94±0.24), respectively, which were lower than those in the lung squamous cell carcinoma group [(4.71±1.09) mg/ml, (7.84±0.06), (7.92±1.13) g/L, and (1.24±0.32)], with statistically significant differences (all P<0.05); there was no statistically significant difference in the water base value between the lung adenocarcinoma group and the lung squamous cell carcinoma group ( P>0.05). The areas under the curve (AUC) of the above parameters to diagnose lung adenocarcinoma and lung squamous cell carcinoma were 0.832, 0.754, 0.792, and 0.722, respectively, and the AUC of combined diagnosis with these parameters was 0.932. After treatment, the calcium content, effective atomic number, iodine concentration, and slope of energy spectrum curve were significantly reduced in both groups (all P<0.05). The calcium content, effective atomic number, iodine concentration, and slope of energy spectrum curve in the effective group were lower than those in the ineffective group before and after treatment (all P<0.05); the difference values of these parameters before and after treatment in the effective group were higher than those in the ineffective group (all P<0.05). Spearman correlation analysis showed that calcium content, effective atomic number, iodine concentration, and slope of energy spectrum curve were negatively correlated with curative effect ( r=-0.413, -0.628, -0.527, and -0.385; all P<0.05). Conclusion 256-slice spectral CT imaging parameters are helpful in the diagnosis of lung adenocarcinoma, which can reflect the curative effect, and provide references for condition and curative effect evaluation. Reference | Related Articles | Metrics

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Effects of oral and nasal enteral nutrition supports for elderly patients  Bao Qinwen, Gong Chen, Liao Jingxian, Bai Xueling International Medicine and Health Guidance News    2022, 28 (15): 2144-2149.   DOI: 10.3760/cma.j.issn.1007-1245.2022.15.017 Abstract （1394）            Knowledge map    Save Objective To compare the effects of oral nutritional supplements (ONS) and nasal feeding nutrition (NF), including nasogastric tube nutrition (NGT) and naso-jejunal tube nutrition (NJT), on nutritional support for elderly hospitalized patients (≥ 80 years old). Methods One hundred and eight elderly patients admitted to the Geriatric Department, Respiratory Department, Emergency Department, Gastrointestinal Surgery Departmet, Hepatobiliary Surgery Departmet, Pepartment Neurosurgery Department, and Critical Medicine Department of Lianyungang Hospital, Jiangsu University from September 2018 to December 2021 were selected. The support of enteral nutrition (EN) was analyzed. According to the EN support methods, they were divided into an ONS group (50 cases, including 31 males and 19 females) and an NF group (58 cases, including 38 males and 20 females). The NF group included 40 cases in the NGT group and 18 cases in NJT group. The patients were 80-98 years old. The average age was 85.7 in the ONS group and 84.9 in the NF group. The EN support time was more than 14 days, and the intake of the amount of calories and nitrogen was the same. The serum prealbumin (PA), total protein (TP), albumin (ALB), hemoglobin (Hb), and red blood cell (RBC) counts, as well as inflammatory factors [C-reactive protein (CRP), interleukin-6 (IL-6), procalcitonin (PCT), and tumor necrosis factor α (TNF-α)] and the immune indicators [CD3+, CD4+, CD8+, immunoglobulin (Ig) G, IgA, and IgM], were compared between the ONS group, the NGT group, and the NJT group. The SPSS 18.0 software was used for the data analysis, t test and F test for the measurement data, and χ 2 test for the counting data. If P≤0.05, there is a statistical difference. Results There was no statistical difference in protein nutritional status between the three groups before EN support ( P>0.05). After EN support, the levels of serum PA, TP, and ALB significantly increased (all P<0.05), the levels of CRP, IL-6, PCT, and TNF-α obviously decreased (all P<0.05), but the Hb and RBC count did not increase significantly (all P>0.05) in all the 3 groups. The IgG, IgA, IgM, CD3+, and CD4+ of the ONS group were higher than those of the NGT group and the NJT group at the same time points (all P<0.05), and the CD8+ was lower than those of the NGT group and the NJT group (both P<0.05). Fourteen days after the treatment, the incidences of diarrhea (6%, 3/50), reflux (8%, 4/50), and gastrointestinal bleeding (2%, 1/50) in the ONS group were statistically different from those in the NGT group and the NJT group (all P<0.05); and the incidences of vomiting (4%, 2/50) and recurrent pulmonary infection (4%, 2/50) in the ONS group were statistically different from those in the NGT group at the same time points (both P < 0.05), but were not statistically different from those in the NJT group at the same time points (both P > 0.05). Conclusions In the EN support of elderly patients (≥ 80 years old), ONS and NF supports can effectively improve their protein nutritional status, and ONS has more significant effect. EN for elderly patients can significantly alleviate the disease severity, improve the levels of inflammatory mediators and oxidative stress, and reduce the incidence of complications, and has definite effect. Reference | Related Articles | Metrics

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Effect of Jianpiyiqi prescription combined with acupoint application in prevention and treatment of chemotherapeutic gastrointestinal reactions after colorectal cancer surgery Peng Shuling, Zhang Weihua, Zhong Yubo, Liu Lili, Huang Hongzhen International Medicine and Health Guidance News    2022, 28 (11): 1516-1520.   DOI: 10.3760/cma.j.issn.1007-1245.2022.11.009 Abstract （1353）            Knowledge map    Save Objective To investigate the clinical effect of Jianpiyiqi prescription combined with acupoint application in the prevention and treatment of chemotherapeutic gastrointestinal reactions after colorectal cancer surgery. Methods A total of 90 patients taking chemotherapy after colorectal cancer surgery at Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Foshan Second People 's Hospital between January 2019 and November 2021 were selected for the case control study, including 49 males and 41 females, and they were (58±13) years old. They were divided into a control group (group A), a traditional Chinese medicine group (group B), and an integrated traditional Chinese and western medicine group (group C), with 30 cases in each group. Group A was given dexamethasone 10 mg, tropisetron 5 mg, and metoclopramide 10 mg by intramuscular injection before the chemotherapy. Group B began to take Jianpiyiqi prescription 3 days before chemotherapy, 1 dose a day, until 3 days after chemotherapy; at the same time, apply acupoints once a day for 12 hours until 3 days after chemotherapy. On the basis of group A, group C began to take Jianpiyiqi prescription 3 days before chemotherapy, and acupoint application was performed until 3 days after chemotherapy. The scores of nausea, vomiting, abdominal pain, diarrhea, and functional status were compared between the three groups. Analysis of variance and chi-square test were used. Results The nausea scores of group A, group B, and group C were 1.00 (2.00), 1.00 (2.00) and 1.00 (1.00), the vomiting scores 1.00 (2.00), 1.00 (2.00) and 1.00 (1.00), and the diarrhea abdominal pain scores 1.00 (2.00), 0.00 (1.00) and 0.00 (1.00) (all P<0.05). The functional status scores before chemotherapy of group A, group B, and group C were (96.3±4.9), (97.7±5.0), and (96.3±5.6); the scores of functional status after chemotherapy of group A, group B, and group C were (91.0±8.4), (96.0±6.2), and (95.7±5.7), with a statistical difference between the 3 groups ( F=4.943, P=0.009). The effective rates of nausea, vomiting prevention and treatment were 80.00% (24/30), 73.33% (22/30), and 96.67% (29/30) in group A, group B, and group C, respectively, with a statistical difference between the 3 groups ( χ 2=6.240, P=0.044). The effective rates of prevention and treatment of diarrhea and abdominal pain were 80.00% (24/30), 96.67% (29/30), and 96.67% (29/30) in group A, group B, and group C, respectively, with a statistical difference between the 3 groups ( χ 2=6.860, P=0.032). Compared with those in group A, the scores of nausea and vomiting in group B and group C were significantly decreased (all P<0.05), the diarrhea abdominal pain score in group B was significantly lower ( P<0.05), and the functional status scores after chemotherapy in group B and group C were significantly increased (both P<0.05). Conclusion On the basis of routine use of western medicine antiemetic drugs, Jianpiyiqi prescription combined with acupoint application has good effect in preventing and treating chemotherapeutic gastrointestinal reactions after colorectal cancer surgery. Reference | Related Articles | Metrics

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Screening of lncRNA related to prognosis of colon cancer based on TCGA database and establishment of prognostic risk model  He Tian, Cao Tiansheng International Medicine and Health Guidance News    2022, 28 (13): 1864-1871.   DOI: 10.3760/cma.j.issn.1007-1245.2022.13.018 Abstract （1313）            Knowledge map    Save Objective To screen long non-coded RNA (lncRNA) associated with the prognosis of colon cancer, and to build a prognostic risk model of colon cancer. Methods The data were collected from the establishment to March 1,2022. The transcriptome data of colon cancer were downloaded and sorted from The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA), then we constructed an expression matrix of lncRNA about paired samples. Differentially expressed lncRNAs (DElncRNAs) were obtained by R-packet "edgeR". For DElncRNAs, univariate COX regression analysis, Lasso regression analysis, Kaplan-Meier (K-M) survival analysis, and multivariate COX regression analysis were performed to obtain the prognostic associated lncRNAs. The prognostic risk model of colon cancer was established based on the coefficient of multivariate COX regression model. Then we evaluated the accuracy through C-index value, time-dependent receiver operating characteristic curve (ROC), area under ROC (AUC) value, and K-M survival analysis. CeRNA network was constructed for the lncRNAs in our model. Gene ontology (GO) and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) analysis were performed for related mRNAs to explore the mechanism of lncRNA affecting the progression of colon cancer. Results Five thousand four hundred and sixty lncRNAs were screened by arranging the transcriptome data. Eight hundred and sixty-eight DElncRNAs were obtained by paired-sample analysis, including 548 up-regulated genes and 320 down-regulated genes. After univariate COX regression analysis, 40 lncRNAs were obtained. Through lasso regression analysis, we got 34 lncRNAs. Fourteen lncRNAs remained after K-M survival analysis. Multivariate COX regression analysis revealed 7 prognostic related lncRNAs (down-regulated genes: LINC01132; up-regulated genes: ELFN1-AS1, RP5-884M6.1, LINC00461, RP1-79C4.4, RP4-816N1.7, and RP3-380B8.4). The prognostic assessment model was constructed according to the regression coefficient. The C-index value of the model was 0.82; the AUC values at 3 and 5 years were 0.79 and 0.84; K-M survival analysis showed a statistical difference in the survival rate between the high and low risk groups ( P<0.000 1). Next, we constructed the ceRNA network, and the KEGG enrichment analysis suggested that the down-regulation lncRNA inhibited the progression of colon cancer possibly through the pathways of regulation of actin cytoskeleton, proteoglycans in cancer, and PI3K-Akt signaling pathway; up-regulation lncRNAs promoted colon cancer possibly through the pathways of cellular adhesion molecules, focal adhesions, and phagosomes. Conclusions In our study, we constructed a prognostic risk model of colon cancer with 7 lncRNAs. It has a nice accuracy in predicting the patients' survival prognosis. Each lncRNA is a potential independently prognostic biomarker. The prognostic risk model has certain value for clinical prognostic assessment of colon cancer patients. Reference | Related Articles | Metrics

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Effect of dapagliflozin on renal function and glucose and lipid metabolism in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus Ji Gaode, Jiang Lihua, Li Qun International Medicine and Health Guidance News    2022, 28 (11): 1579-1583.   DOI: 10.3760/cma.j.issn.1007-1245.2022.11.023 Abstract （1204）            Knowledge map    Save Objective To observe the effect of dapagliflozin on renal function and glucose and lipid metabolism in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). Methods This was a prospective study. Eighty-six patients with T2DM admitted to Jinan Second People's Hospital from July 2019 to July 2021 were selected as the research objects. They were divided into a control group and an observation group by the random number table method, with 43 cases in each group. The control group had 25 males and 18 females, and they were (52.80±5.77)years old. The obser vation group had 28 males and 15 females, and they were (53.19±5.82)years old, All the patients were given conventional treatment, and the observation group were treated with dapagliflozin on this basis. The clinical effects, the levels of blood glucose [fasting blood glucose (FBG), 2h postprandial blood glucose (2hPG), and glycosylated hemoglobin (HbA 1c)], blood lipids [total cholesterol (TC), triglyceride (TG), low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C), and high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C)], oxidative stress indicators [malondialdehyde (MDA), superoxide dismutase (SOD), and glutathione peroxidase (GSH-Px)], and renal function indicators [blood urea nitrogen (BUN), serum creatinine (Scr), and urine microalbumin (UMA)], and the incidences of adverse reactions were compared between these two groups. The independent-sample t test, paired t test, and χ 2 test were applied. Results The treatment response rate in the observation group was higher than that in the control group [93.02% (40/43) vs. 74.42% (32/43)], with a statistical difference ( χ2=5.161, P=0.023). After the treatment, the levels of FBG, 2hPG, HbA 1c, TC, TG, LDL-C, MDA, BUN, Scr, and UMA were (6.50±1.33) mmol/L, (8.35±1.44) mmol/L, (6.01±0.54)%, (4.58±0.23) mmol/L, (1.41±0.22) mmol/L, (2.23±0.34) mmol/L, (3.20±0.33) μmol/L, (6.33±1.07) mmol/L, (110.53±18.77) μmol/L, and (10.34±3.21) mg/L in the observation group, which were significantly lower than those in the control group [(7.39±1.50) mmol/L, (11.29±2.53) mmol/L, (7.02±1.19)%, (5.23±0.70) mmol/L, (1.95±0.44) mmol/L, (3.31±0.52) mmol/ L, (4.50±0.52) μmol/L, (9.86±2.55) mmol/L, (178.41±25.36) μmol/L, and (18.55±5.27) mg/L], with statistical differences ( t=2.911, 6.623, 5.068, 5.785, 7.198, 11.399, 13.842, 8.371, 14.108, and 8.725; all P<0.05). The levels of HDL-C and SOD were (1.74±0.65) mmol/L and (43.96±8.22) U/ml in the observation group, which were significantly higher than those in control group [(1.46±0.53) mmol/L and (36.77±7.03) U/ml], with statistical differences ( t=2.189 and 4.359; both P<0.05). There was no statistical difference in GSH-Px between the two groups ( t=0.206, P=0.837). There was no statistical difference in the incidence of adverse reactions between the two groups [4.65% (2/43) vs. 9.30% (4/43); χ2=0.677, P=0.410]. Conclusion Dapagliflozin is effective in the treatment of T2DM, and can effectively control blood glucose level and improve lipid metabolism, oxidative stress, and renal function. Reference | Related Articles | Metrics

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Disinfection effects of four disinfection products on CT examination beds Ren Yanmin, Wu Fengjiao, Li Ailan, Zhu Xin, Zhang Yu, Sun Lina International Medicine and Health Guidance News    2022, 28 (15): 2117-2121.   DOI: 10.3760/cma.j.issn.1007-1245.2022.15.011 Abstract （1068）            Knowledge map    Save Objective By using four disinfection products, to disinfect the CT examination beds, to compare their disinfection effects, bacterial colonies on the surfaces of the objects, and the economic cost, and to provide references for the convenient, effective, and economical disinfection method of clinical use. Methods From April 2020 to January 2021, the CT examination bed surfaces at Hospital Affiliated to Heze Medical College, Heze Municipal Hospital and Dingtao District People's Hospital were wiped by quaternary ammonium disinfection wipes (199 samples), 75% alcohol wipes (194 samples), 500 mg/L chlorine disinfectant wiping (180 samples), and bed unit disinfection machine (82 samples) for surface disinfection. The disinfection effects after disinfection and the numbers of bacteria on the surfaces of the CT beds were compared, and the economic costs of the four disinfection methods were analyzed. The comparison between multiple samples was did by Kruskal-Wallis test; the counting data was expressed as a rate, and were compared by χ 2 test. Results The qualified rates of quaternary ammonium disinfection wipes, 75% alcohol wipes, 500 mg/L chlorine disinfectant wiping, and bed unit disinfection machine were 98.99% (197/199), 98.45% (191/194), 99.44% (179/180), and 100.00% (82/82), respectively, with no statistical difference ( χ 2=1.882, P=0.597); and there was no statistical difference in the disinfection effects between the four disinfection products. The bacterial colony numbers after disinfection of the four disinfection products were 0.1(0.3) cfu/cm 2, 0.6(1.0) cfu/cm 2, 1.0(0.7) cfu/cm 2, and 0.0(0.1) cfu/cm 2, respectively, with a statistical difference ( H=17.857, P<0.05); the removal effects from high to low were as below: bed unit disinfection machine, quaternary ammonium disinfection wipes, 75% alcohol, and 500 mg/L chlorine-containing disinfectant; the economic use costs from high to low were as below: bed unit disinfection machine (22.00 yuan/time) > 75% alcohol = 500 mg/L chlorine disinfectant (1.74 yuan/time) > quaternary ammonium disinfection wipes (1.25 yuan/time). Conclusion After comparison, quaternary ammonium disinfection wipes have the advantages of reliable disinfection effect, simple and convenient operation, time saving, and low cost of use, and can be promoted in hospitals. Reference | Related Articles | Metrics

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Myopia prevention and control knowledge and prevention behaviors of adolescent parents Wu Min, Yu Na, Zhai Xiangjuan, Fu Te, Huang Shuo, Wang Lingyun International Medicine and Health Guidance News    2022, 28 (15): 2203-2208.   DOI: 10.3760/cma.j.issn.1007-1245.2022.15.031 Abstract （1040）            Knowledge map    Save Objective To investigate the myopia prevention and control knowledge and behaviors of adolescent parents, and to guide the prevention and treatment of myopia in adolescents. Methods A cross-sectional survey method was used to select the adolescent parents who brought their children for vision diagnosis and treatment in Eye Clinic, Jinan Second People's Hospital from August 2021 to January 2022. And the parents' general information was investigated by the General Information Scale. The Adolescent Parents' Myopia Prevention Cognition Questionnaire and Parents' Myopia Prevention Behavior Questionnaire designed by the senior physicians in Eye Clinic, Jinan Second People's Hospital were used to investigate the knowledge and prevention behaviors of the adolescent parents on myopia prevention and control. The data were analyzed by SPSS 22.0, and compared between the groups by χ 2 test. Results A total of 664 adolescent parents were surveyed, including 292 males (45.06%) and 356 females (54.94%), and 648 valid questionnaires were obtained; 69 (10.65%) were <30 years old, 439 (67.75%) 30-40 years old, and 140 (21.60%) >40 years old; 66 ones' education level was junior high school or below (10.19%), 351 ones' high school or technical secondary school (54.17%), and 231 ones' junior college or above (35.65%). According to the presence or absence of myopia in the children, the parents were divided into a myopic adolescent parent group and a normal vision adolescent parent group. The aware rates of "the reading light intensity at night should be ≥200 Lux", "the writing distance, the distance from the chest to the table, and the distance from the book to the eyes should be kept at 3.3 cm, 6.0-7.0 cm, and 33.0 cm, respectively", "even if desk lamp lighting is used, the incident light should be from the opposite side of the dominant hand", "vision training can delay the increase of myopia diopter", "wearing overcorrected myopia glasses can aggravate the progression of myopia", "refractive surgery is an effective way to correct the vision of people ≥18 years old with stable diopter, but reasonable expectations should be maintained", and "every day outdoor activities or physical exercise for 1 to 2 hours helps prevent myopia" in the myopic adolescent parent group were lower than those in the normal vision adolescent parent group [69.21% (281/406) vs. 76.86% (186/242), 55.17% (224/406) vs. 71.07% (172/242), 74.88% (304/406) vs. 85.95% (208/242), 77.09% (313/406) vs. 84.30% (204/242), 79.80% (324/406) vs. 89.26% (216/242), 74.14% (301/406) vs. 81.82% (198/242), and 88.18% (358/406) vs. 93.80% (227/242)], with statistical differences ( χ 2=4.405, 16.133, 11.212, 4.879, 9.756, 4.614, and 5.465; all P<0.05). There were statistical differences in the prevention behaviors, such as "the parents regularly urge or bring their children to the ophthalmology institutions to check their vision", "the parents often urge their children to maintain good sleep", "the parents often urge their children to go outdoors", "the parents often supervise their children to maintain good eye habits", "while they live together, the parents control the teenagers' screen time", "the parents frequently discuss or share topics related to the hazards and prevention of myopia with teenagers", "compared with good eyesight, the parents insist on excellent academic performance and put it into action", etc. between these two groups (all P<0.05). Conclusions The parents of adolescents who received the questionnaire survey in Jinan Second People's Hospital were not optimistic about the awareness rate of knowledge related to myopia prevention. Parents of normal vision adolescents are better than parents of myopia adolescents in knowledge awareness rate and myopia prevention behaviors. Reference | Related Articles | Metrics

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Apatinib combined with tegafur in treatment of patients with advanced gastric cancer and its influence on prognosis Qi Youtao, Wang Dongmei, Bai Yuhuan, Kong Lingjia, Jing Changchun, Ji Bei International Medicine and Health Guidance News    2022, 28 (13): 1815-1819.   DOI: 2022001750 Abstract （970）            Knowledge map    Save Objective To analyze the clinical effect of apatinib combined with tegafur in the treatment of patients with advanced gastric cancer, and to observe the effect of the combination regimen on the levels of inflammatory factors and the cytokines of T helper 1 cells (Th1) and T helper 2 cells (Th2). Methods Eighty-eight patients with advanced gastric cancer who were admitted to Department of Gastroenterology, Liaocheng Second People's Hospital from March 2019 to February 2020 was selected for the study. They were divided into a control group and an observation group by the random number table method, with 44 cases in each group. There were 24 males and 20 females in the control group; they were (65.25±2.42) years old; they were treated with tegafur. There were 25 males and 19 females in the observation group; they were (65.33±2.35) years old; they were treated with tegafur and apatinib. χ 2 test was used for the enumeration data, and t test for the measurement data. The clinical efficacies, serum tumor marker levels before and after the treatment, Th1 and Th2 cytokine levels, adverse reactions, and survival were compared between the two groups. Results The disease control rate (DCR) was 59.09% (26/44) in the control group, and was 79.55% (35/44) the observation group, with a statistical difference ( χ 2=4.328, P=0.037). The levels of cancer-associated carbohydrate antigen (CA19-9), carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA), and tumor-specific growth factor (TSGF) after the treatment were (9.20±4.23) U/ml, (2.53±0.41) μg/L, and (61.75±14.25) U/ml in the control group, and were (4.98±2.87) U/ml, (1.96±0.39) μg/L, and (53.20±16.37) U/ml in the observation group, with statistical differences between these two groups ( t=5.476, 6.682, and 2.613; all P<0.05). After the treatment, the levels of interferon-γ (INF-γ), tumour necrosis factor-α (TNF-α), interleukin (IL)-4, and IL-10 were (9.83±1.68) μg/L, (4.98±0.83) pg/ml, (5.62±1.58) μg/L, and (12.83±2.41) μg/L in the control group, and were (12.45±1.65) μg/L, (6.12±1.47) pg/ml, (3.18±1.17) μg/L, and (8.76±2.11)  μg/L in the observation group, with statistical differences between these two groups ( t=7.380, 4.479, 8.232, and 8.428; all P<0.05). The median progression time and survival time were (7.23±1.31) months and (5.10±1.39) months in the control group, and were (5.31±0.75) months and (9.33±2.54) months in the observation group, with statistical differences ( t=8.437 and 9.691; both P<0.05). Conclusion Apatinib combined with tegafur in the treatment of patients with advanced gastric cancer can effectively improve their clinical symptoms and signs, the levels of serum tumor markers, and Th1 and Th2 cytokines, and does not increase the incidence of adverse reactions, and the patients have better survival. Reference | Related Articles | Metrics

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Isolation and purification of flavonoid glycosides from Clinacanthus nutans (Burm.f.) Lindau and its antitumor effect on epithelial ovarian cancer Sui Hongmei, He Fengxi, Li Aihua, Li Aifeng, Wang Li, Lu Huanxi International Medicine and Health Guidance News    2022, 28 (13): 1784-1789.   DOI: 10.3760/cma.j.issn.1007-1245.2022.13.002 Abstract （941）            Knowledge map    Save Objective To provide theoretical references for developing the medicinal value of Clinacanthus nutans (Burm.f.) Lindau by separating and purifying its flavonoid glycosides and studying its antitumor effects on epithelial ovarian cancer. Methods The research time was from October 2019 to March 2022.The flavonoid glycosides were isolated and purified by macroporous adsorption resins and semi-preparative high performance liquid chromatography, and their structures were identified by nuclear magnetic resonance spectrum. The cell counting kit-8 (CCK 8) method was used to determine the effect of the extract on the activities of the SKOV3, OVCAR3, and A2780 epithelial ovarian cancer cells, and flow cytometry was used to detect the apoptosis. The effects of the extract on the expressions of Beclin-1 and Bcl-2 mRNA in the epithelial ovarian cancer cells were detected by fluorescence quantitative polymerase chain reaction (PCR). Its effect on the expressions of Beclin-1 and Bcl-2 proteins in the epithelial ovarian cancer cells was detected by Western blot. The statistical softwares SPSS 22.0 and GraphPad Prism were used to analyze the experimental results. The one-way ANOVA was used to determine the cell 50% inhibiting concentration (IC 50) value. t test was applied. Results Three flavonoid glycosides were isolated and purified from Clinacanthus nutans (Burm.f.) Lindau, and they were identified as saponarin, schaftoside, and vitexin. The results of the CCK8 experiment showed that vitexin significantly inhibited the proliferation of the epithelial ovarian cancer cells ( P < 0.05). The IC 50 values (semi-inhibitory concentrations) of the SKOV3, OVCAR3, and A2780 epithelial ovarian cancer cells were 33.777 μg/μl, 34.114 μg/μl, and 31.968 μg/μl. The results of fluorescence quantitative PCR showed that compared with those in the blank group, the relative expression of Beclin-1 mRNA increased and the expression of Bcl-2 mRNA decreased in the SKOV3, A2780, and OVCAR3 epithelial ovarian cancer cell groups after vitexin treatment, with statistical differences (all P<0.01). The results of apoptosis test showed that the inhibitory effect of vitexin on the growth of the SKOV3 epithelial ovarian cancer cells significantly increased with the vitexin concentration ( P<0.01). Western bolt showed that after vitexin treatment, the expression of Beclin-1 protein increased significantly ( P<0.01), and the expression of Bcl-2 protein decreased significantly ( P<0.01). Conclusions Vitexin shows significant anticancer activity by inhibiting the proliferation and inducing the apoptosis of epithelial ovarian cancer cells. The anticancer activity may be related to regulating the interaction between Bcl-2 and Beclin-1, controlling the autophagy level of tumor cells, and promoting autophagy-dependent cell death. Reference | Related Articles | Metrics

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Application value of composite echocardiography technique in detecting cardiotoxicity caused by lymphoma chemotherapy Xue Jing, Zhang Zhoulong, Chen Shengjiang, Yuan Xiaozhi, Duan Like, Wang Huifen International Medicine and Health Guidance News    2022, 28 (16): 2236-2240.   DOI: 10.3760/cma.j.issn.1007-1245.2022.16.004 Abstract （938）            Knowledge map    Save Objective To investigate the application value of composite echocardiography technique in dynamically monitoring cardiotoxicity caused by lymphoma chemotherapy. Methods A total of 28 non-Hodgkin lymphoma patients underwent chemotherapy in The First Affiliated Hospital of Henan University of Science and Technology, including 12 males and 16 females, aged (51.22±10.17) years; 30 healthy volunteers were selected as controls during the same period, including 12 males and 18 females, aged (50.19±12.06) years. Real-time two-dimensional echocardiography (RT-2DE), tissue Doppler imaging (TDI), and two-dimensional speck-tracking imaging (2D-STI) were used to detect the cardiac function indexes in all patients after 2, 4, and 6 cycles of chemotherapy. The left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF), left ventricular anterior diameter (LV), left atrial anterior diameter (LA), peak E, peak A, E/A, mitral peak E deceleration time (DT), the ratio of early diastolic velocity of blood flow spectrum (E) to early diastolic peak velocity of mitral annulus (e'), left ventricular global circumferential strain (LVGCS), left ventricular global radial strain (LVGRS), left ventricular global longitudinal strain (LVGLS), and peak left ventricular twist angle (LVPtw) were observed and compared in both groups. Independent sample t test or one-way ANOVA was used for the measurement data, and Chi-square test was used for the count data. Results There were no statistically significant differences in the LVEF, LV, LA, peak E, peak A, and E/A between the chemotherapy group and the control group after 2 and 4 cycles of chemotherapy (all P>0.05). There was no statistically significant difference in the DT between the chemotherapy group and the control group after 2 cycles of chemotherapy ( P>0.05), but there was a statistically significant difference after 4 cycles of chemotherapy [(213.16±21.23) ms vs. (181.26±20.23) ms] ( P<0.05). After 6 cycles of chemotherapy, the LVEF, LV, LA, peak E, peak A, E/A, and DT in the chemotherapy group were (49.01±4.12)%, (56.68±4.32) mm, (43.64±4.02) mm, (78.36±12.20) cm/s, (90.96±12.61) cm/s, (0.76±0.21), and (256.23±32.14) ms, with statistically significant differences compared with those in the control group (all P<0.05). There were no statistically significant differences in the e' and E/e' between the chemotherapy group and the control group after 2 cycles of chemotherapy (both P>0.05). In the chemotherapy group, the e' was (8.22±1.27) cm/s and the E/e' was (18.17±3.12) after 4 cycles of chemotherapy, the e' was (4.29±2.17) cm/s and the E/e' was (20.17±4.06) after 6 cycles of chemotherapy, with statistically significant differences compared with those in the control group (all P<0.05). There were statistically significant differences in the LVGRS, LVGCS, LVGLS, and LVPtw between the chemotherapy group and the control group after 2, 4, and 6 cycles of chemotherapy (all P<0.05). Conclusion Chemotherapy with anthracycline for tumor patients can lead to cardiotoxicity, and RT-2DE combined with TDI and 2D-STI can detect the cardiotoxicity caused by chemotherapy earlier and more sensitively, which is of great significance for guiding clinical practice. Reference | Related Articles | Metrics

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Prevalence and treatment of amblyopia among primary and secondary school students in urban Chayu County, Tibet Yao Na, Chen Dongcui, Cai Yue, Xie Liqiong, Chen Linxing, Liu Bin International Medicine and Health Guidance News    2022, 28 (14): 2015-2017.   DOI: 10.3760/cma.j.issn.1007-1245.2022.14.020 Abstract （885）            Knowledge map    Save Objective To investigate the prevalence and risk factors of amblyopia among primary and secondary school students in urban Chayu County, Nyingchi City, Tibet Autonomous Region. Methods A cross-sectional study was conducted. In May 2018, eye and vision screening were carried out for primary and secondary school students in urban Chayu County, including visual acuity and refraction, anterior segment examination, fundus examination, eye position examination, etc. Cycloplegia was performed for those whose visual acuity was less than 6 /12. A questionnaire survey was carried out for students diagnosed with amblyopia and the causes were analyzed. Paired t test was used for the measurement data. Logistic regression analysis was used to analyze the relationship between age and gender and prevalence of amblyopia. Results A total of 1 795 students from primary and secondary schools participated in the survey, including 888 males and 907 females. Among them, 77 cases were diagnosed with amblyopia, with a prevalence rate of 4.3%. There were no statistically significant differences in the prevalence rate among different age and genders (both P>0.05). The main causes of amblyopia among the primary and secondary school students were anisometropia in 15 cases (19.5%), ametropia in 60 cases (77.9%), and strabismus in 2 cases (2.6%). Conclusions Ametropic amblyopia and anisometropic amblyopia are the main causes of amblyopia among primary and secondary school students in urban Chayu county. Wearing clinically prescribed glasses in time helps to reduce the prevalence of amblyopia. Reference | Related Articles | Metrics

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Normative application of nursing information system in the management of patients and their families entering and leaving the ward Ren Qiuhua, Gao Qiaoyan, Cong Bo International Medicine and Health Guidance News    2022, 28 (14): 1977-1981.   DOI: 10.3760/cma.j.issn.1007-1245.2022.14.012 Abstract （884）            Knowledge map    Save Objective To explore the normative application and effect of nursing information system in the management of patients and their families entering and leaving the ward. Methods From January 2020 to December 2021, 3 492 patients admitted to the department of medical oncology in Weihai Central Hospital were selected as the research subjects for a prospective study. Among them, 1 668 patients from January to December 2020 received routine management of patients and their families entering and leaving the ward, as a control group; 1 824 patients from January to December 2021 received management of patients and their families entering and leaving the ward based on the mobile nursing information system, as an observation group. The control group included 936 males and 732 females, aged (68.43±2.49) years; the observation group included 1 008 males and 816 females, aged (68.58±2.55) years. Before and after management of entering and leaving the ward based on the mobile nursing information system, the standard management rate of entering and leaving the ward, nursing work efficiency, daily visits, per capita time out of ward, patient satisfaction, and nurse job satisfaction were statistically analyzed. Independent sample t test was used for the measurement data and χ 2 test was used for the count data. Results The standard management rate of one patient and one companion entering and leaving the ward in the observation group was 98.85% (3 606/3 648), which was higher than that in the control group [96.04% (3 204/3 336)], with a statistically significant difference ( χ 2=56.457, P<0.001). In the observation group, the time consuming of temperature monitoring, ultraviolet disinfection, and recording the time of patients and their families in and out of the ward were (24.25±1.17) s, (7.25±0.79) s, and (61.47±3.63) s, respectively, which were shorter than those in with control group [(50.36±10.24) s, (19.36±2.14) s, and (83.45±8.40) s], with statistically significant differences ( t=108.130, 225.467, and 101.839; all P<0.001). The daily visits, per capita time out of ward in the observation group were (103.25±8.03) person/d and (30.21±3.20) min, respectively, which were lower than those in the control group [(140.24±11.26) person/d and (43.53±6.37) min], with statistically significant differences ( t=159.056 and 111.809; both P<0.001). The patient satisfaction in the observation group was 98.03% (1 788/1 824), which was higher than that in the control group [94.60% (1 578/1 668)], with a statistically significant difference ( χ 2=29.334, P<0.001). The nurse job satisfaction in the observation group was (143.17±2.48) points, which was higher than that in the control group [(130.79±2.91) points], with a statistically significant difference ( t=9.714, P<0.001). Conclusions The management of patients and their families entering and leaving the ward based on the mobile nursing information system can improve the efficiency of nursing work, and effectively improve the standard rate of ward management, reduce the daily number of people entering and leaving the ward, and shorten the per capita time out of ward. The satisfactions of both nurses and patients are improved, and the quality of nursing service is improved. Reference | Related Articles | Metrics

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Relationship between midline structure deviation degree and prognosis in patients with massive cerebral infarction after surgery You Huichao, Sun Dengjiang, Ouyang Heping, Li Wenqi International Medicine and Health Guidance News    2022, 28 (15): 2108-2112.   DOI: 10.3760/cma.j.issn.1007-1245.2022.15.009 Abstract （838）            Knowledge map    Save Objective To analyze the relationship between midline deviation degree before surgery and the prognosis after decompression for massive cerebral infarction and provide clinical references. Methods A retrospective case-control study was conducted. According to the inclusion and exclusion criteria, the data of the patients with massive cerebral infarction treated at Hubei No.3 People's Hospital from October 2014 to October 2020 were collected to analyze the risk factors of death after decompressive craniectomy for massive cerebral infarction, and to study the relationship between the preoperative midline deviation degree and short-term death and long-term functional prognosis. SPSS 26.0 was used for the statistical analysis. t and χ 2 tests and Fisher's exact test were applied. The influencing factors of long-term Barthel index (BI) were analyzed. Multiple linear regression analysis was applied. Results A total of 77 patients with massive cerebral infarction who underwent standard decompressive craniectomy were collected, and 39 patients were included at last, including 27 males and 12 females who were 39-86 years old, with an average of 58.7. The patients with a preoperative linear structure deviation less than 10 mm had an increased risk of death after decompression as compared with the patients with a preoperative linear structure deviation ≥ 10 mm [odds ratio ( OR)=11.48, 95% confidence interval ( CI) 1.12-118.14]. The patients whose Glasgow Coma Scale (GCS) score ≤7 had an increased risk of death after decompression as compared with the patients whose GCS score >7 ( OR=13.12, 95% CI 1.41-122.43). Preoperative coma, GCS score, and the deviation degree of cerebral linear structure did not affect the long-term BI of the patients who survived after surgery. Age was one of the factors affecting the long-term prognosis of the survived patients after surgery. With the increase of age, the patients' BI decreased. Conclusions Preoperative cerebral linear structure deviation <10 mm and GCS score ≤7 points are the risk factors of death after decompression for massive cerebral infarction. The preoperative deviation degree of cerebral linear structure does not affect the long-term functional recovery of survived patients after decompression. Reference | Related Articles | Metrics

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Clinical analysis of cotton absorption combined with budesonide suspension in type Ⅰ tympanoplasty Fei Yongguang, Cen Ruixiang International Medicine and Health Guidance News    2022, 28 (14): 1959-1964.   DOI: 10.3760/cma.j.issn.1007-1245.2022.14.008 Abstract （827）            Knowledge map    Save Objective To explore the difference in curative effects of cotton absorption combined with budesonide suspension in type Ⅰ tympanoplasty under dry and wet ear conditions. Methods A total of 66 patients with chronic suppurative otitis media at rest from Wuhan Xinzhou District People's Hospital and Huangshi Central Hospital from January 2018 to December 2020 were prospectively included. They were divided into four groups with the random number table method, including 17 cases in the dry ear observation group [11 males and 6 females, aged (36.23±7.39) years], 19 cases in the dry ear control group [12 males and 7 females, aged (37.28±7.29) years], 16 cases in the wet ear observation group [10 males and 6 females, aged (37.12±7.26) years], and 14 cases in the wet ear control group [9 males and 5 females, aged (37.75±7.17) years]. All patients underwent type Ⅰ tympanoplasty under otoendoscope, and the dry and wet ear observation groups were given cotton absorption combined with budesonide suspension to fix the tympanum and external auditory canal at the end of the operation. The preoperative eustachian function and levels of inflammatory factors [serum interleukin-6 (IL-6), tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α), and high-sensitivity C-reactive protein (hs-CRP)] and air-bone gaps before operation and 1 month and 3 months after operation in the four groups were counted and compared, and the dry ear rate, dry ear time, eardrum healing rate, and hearing improvement rate 6 months after operation were counted. t test or ANOVA was used for the measurement data, and Chi-square test or Fisher's exact probability method was used for the count data. Results There was no statistically significant difference in the preoperative eustachian function among the four groups before operation ( P>0.05). The serum levels of IL-6, TNF-α, and hs-CRP in the four groups 1 month and 3 months after operation were higher than those before operation, and the air-bone gap was lower than that before operation; the serum levels of IL-6, TNF-α, and hs-CRP and air-bone gap 3 months after operation were lower than those 1 month after operation; 1 month and 3 months after operation, the serum levels of IL-6, TNF-α, and hs-CRP and air-bone gaps in the dry ear observation group and wet ear observation group were lower than those in the other two groups, with statistically significant differences (all P<0.05). Six months after operation, the dry ear rate was 16/17 (94.12%) in the dry ear observation group, 17/19 (89.47%) in the dry ear control group, 15/16 (93.75%) in the wet ear observation group, and 13/14 (92.86%) in the wet ear control group, without statistically significant difference among the four groups ( P=1.000). The postoperative dry ear duration was (9.24±3.26) weeks in the dry ear observation group, (13.37±3.75) weeks in the dry ear control group, (9.11±3.17) weeks in the wet ear observation group, and (14.21±3.65) weeks in the wet ear control group; the postoperative dry ear durations in the dry ear observation group and wet ear observation group were shorter than those in the other two groups, with statistically significant differences (all P<0.05). Six months after operation, the healing rate of eardrum was 17/17 (100.00%) in the dry ear observation group, 18/19 (94.73%) in the dry ear control group, 15/16 (93.75%) in the wet ear observation group, and 14/14 (100.00%) in the wet ear control group, without statistically significant difference among the four groups ( P=0.849). Six months after operation, the hearing improvement rate was 12/17 (70.59%) in the dry ear observation group, 7/19 (36.84%) in the dry ear control group, 13/16 (81.25%) in the wet ear observation group, and 6/14 (42.86%) in the wet ear control group; the hearing improvement rates in the dry ear observation group and the wet ear observation group were better than those in the other two groups, with a statistically significant difference ( P<0.05). Conclusions For chronic suppurative otitis media at rest without ossicular chain lesions, there is no significant difference in the eardrum healing rate or dry ear rate of type Ⅰ tympanoplasty under otoendoscope under dry and wet ear conditions. The application of cotton absorption combined with budesonide suspension can speed up the improvement of inflammatory factors in the patients' body, shorten the dry ear time, and improve the degree of hearing improvement. Reference | Related Articles | Metrics

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Correlation between alcoholic osteoporosis and alcoholic liver disease Wei Haitao, Liu Rui, Xun Wei, Wang Min, Liu Zhongyang, Zhang Wenlong, Wang Jing International Medicine and Health Guidance News    2022, 28 (15): 2113-2117.   DOI: 10.3760/cma.j.issn.1007-1245.2022.15.010 Abstract （816）            Knowledge map    Save Objective To investigate the relationship between alcoholic osteoporosis and alcoholic liver disease and the pathogenesis. Methods One hundred and twenty-two patients who had been drinking for over 5 years and who were treated at First Hospital and Second Hospital of Baotao Medical College, Inner Mongolia University of Science and Technology were retrospectively studied, and they were (40.0±14.6) years old. There were 82 males, who drank alcohol ≥ 40 g/d, and 40 females, who drank alcohol ≥ 20 g/d. The bone mineral density (BMD), liver function, osteocalcin, 25-hydroxyvitamin D [25(OH)D3], tumor necrosis factor α (TNF-α) were detected and liver color ultrasound examination was performed in all the patients. According to the BMD, liver function, and abdominal color ultrasound results, the patients were divided into an alcoholic osteoporosis group (35 cases), an alcoholic liver disease group (45 cases), and an alcoholic osteoporosis complicated with alcoholic liver disease group (42 cases). Forty-five healthy examinees of an age during the same period were selected as a healthy control group. SPSS 24.0 was used to analyze the data. t test was used for the measurement data. Results The levels of osteocalcin in the alcoholic osteoporosis group, the alcoholic liver disease group, and the alcoholic osteoporosis complicated with alcoholic liver disease group were (24.73±3.66) μg/L, (27.34±2.94) μg/L, and (17.44±3.09) μg/L, and the levels of 25(OH)D3 were (22.47±2.82) μg/L, (25.63±3.84) μg/L, and (16.87±4.33) μg/L, which were lower than those in the healthy control group [(32.65±3.27) μg/L and (30.21±4.22) μg/L], and the levels of osteocalcin and 25(OH)D3 in the alcoholic osteoporosis complicated with alcoholic liver disease group were lower than those in the alcoholic osteoporosis group and the alcoholic liver disease group, with statistical differences (all P<0.05). The levels of osteocalcin and 25(OH)D3 in the alcoholic osteoporosis group were lower than those in the alcoholic liver disease group, but with no statistical differences (both P>0.05). The levels of TNF-α in the alcoholic osteoporosis group, the alcoholic liver disease group, and the alcoholic osteoporosis complicated with alcoholic liver disease group were (10.33±3.41) pg/ml, (13.23±4.02) pg/ml, and (16.94±3.92) pg/ml, which were higher than that in the healthy control group [(5.54±2.39) pg/ml], and the level in the alcoholic osteoporosis complicated with alcoholic liver disease group was higher than those in the alcoholic osteoporosis group and the alcoholic liver disease group, and the level in the alcoholic osteoporosis group was higher than that in the alcoholic liver disease group, with statistical differences (all P<0.05). Conclusions We consider that alcoholic liver disease and alcoholic osteoporosis play a complementary role in the pathogenesis. Osteocalcin, 25(OH)D3, and TNF-α may be the common pathogenesis, which is not only the initial factor of the disease, but also the results. Reference | Related Articles | Metrics

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Salmonella infection and its drug resistance at a hospital in Xiamen from 2019 to 2021 Wu Wenhui, Chen Yongquan, Wu Jianning International Medicine and Health Guidance News    2022, 28 (13): 1872-1875.   DOI: 10.3760/cma.j.issn.1007-1245.2022.13.019 Abstract （796）            Knowledge map    Save Objective To analyze the epidemiological characteristics and drug resistance of Salmonella infection at a hospital in Xiamen. Methods Bacterial culture, identification, and drug susceptibility tests were performed on the stool samples of the 761 patients with suspected foodborne pathogen infection who visited Xiamen Humanity Hospital, Fujian Medical University from January 2019 to December 2021. There were 447 males and 314 females, and they were 0-95 years old.The patients were grouped according to gender, age, and sampling time. The detection results and drug resistance characteristics of Salmonella were cross-sectionally studied and analyzed. The χ 2 test was applied. Results According to VITEK-MS mass spectrometry analysis and serum agglutination test, a total of 69 cases of Salmonella infection were found in the 761 patients, with a total detection rate of 9.07% (69/761). The 69 strains of Salmonella were distributed in 6 serogroups and 16 serotypes, mainly group B and group D. Salmonella typhimurium and Salmonella enteritidis accounted for 42.03% (29/69) and 23.19% (16 /69), the highest. According to chi-square test, there was no statistical difference in the infection rate of Salmonella between the patients of different genders ( χ 2=0.142, P=0.706), and was between the patients of different age groups ( χ 2=65.005, P<0.001); the infection rate of the 0-18 years old group was significantly higher than that of the adults. There were certain differences in the infection rate of Salmonella between different months, showing a certain change trend with the month, and the infection rate was higher from May to October. The drug sensitivity results showed that the Salmonella had the highest resistance rates to ampicillin and ampicillin/sulbactam, 74.55% (41/55) and 61.82% (34/55); the resistance rate to compound sulfamethoxazole was 38.18% (21/55); it was not resistant to imipenem. Conclusions The serotypes of Salmonella infection in Xiamen City are complex, mainly Salmonella typhimurium and Salmonella enteritidis. Juvenile infection accounts for the main part, with obvious seasonal and regional characteristics, and summer and autumn are the high incidence seasons. Salmonella in this area have high resistance rates to ampicillin and ampicillin/sulbactam. Reference | Related Articles | Metrics

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Single hole laparoscopic radical resection for patients with colorectal cancer Li Feng, Xuan Jinfeng, Gong Chao, Li jiongxian International Medicine and Health Guidance News    2022, 28 (13): 1829-1833.   DOI: 10.3760/cma.j.issn.1007-1245.2022.13.011 Abstract （795）            Knowledge map    Save Objective To investigate the curative effects of single hole laparoscopic radical resection and traditional laparoscopic radical resection for colorectal cancer. Methods This was a random control trial. Sixty patients with colorectal cancer treated in Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Wuzhou Red Cross Hospital from January 2020 to December 2021 were randomly selected, and were divided into an observation group and a control group by lottery, with 30 cases in each group. There were 19 males and 11 females in the observation group, and they were (59.00±6.00) years old. There were 18 males and 12 females in the control group, and they were (59.00±7.00) years old. The observation group were treated with single hole laparoscopic radical resection of colorectal cancer, and the control group with traditional laparoscopic radical resection of colorectal cancer. The short-term curative effects, operation and postoperative conditions, pain degrees, inflammatory reaction, oxidative stress indicators, and incidences of complications were compared between these two groups. Independent-sample t test and χ 2 test were applied. Results The total effective rate of the observation group was significantly higher than that of the control group [96.67% (29/30) vs. 73.33% (22/30)], with a statistical difference ( χ 2=4.705, P=0.030). Compared with the control group, the observation group had less bleeding, less drainage on the 4th day after the operation, more lymph node dissection, shorter times for postoperative anal exhaust, early activity, and recovery of gastrointestinal function, shorter hospital stay, and lower pain degree, with statistical differences (all P<0.05). Before the operation, there were no statistical differences in the levels of inflammatory response and oxidative stress indicators between the two groups (all P>0.05). After the operation, the levels of C reaction protein, interleukin-6 (IL-6), and superoxide dismutase (SOD) were (13.57±5.34) mg/L, (16.28±5.64) ng/L, and (85.63±11.84) kU/L in the observation group, and were (26.84±5.12) mg/L, (33.54±7.50) ng/L, and (74.25±12.35) kU/L in the control group, with statistical differences between these two groups (all P<0.05). The incidence of complications in the observation group was significantly lower than that in the control group [6.67% (2/30) vs. 30.00% (9/30)], with a statistical difference ( χ 2=5.454, P=0.019). Conclusion Compared with traditional laparoscopic radical resection of colorectal cancer, single hole laparoscopic radical resection of colorectal cancer has better curative effect and high safety, and can improve inflammatory reaction and oxidative stress reaction and reduce pain. Reference | Related Articles | Metrics

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Randomized controlled study of Shaofu Zhuyu granule combined with ceftazidime in treatment of chronic pelvic inflammatory disease  Lin Shipeng, Chen Furong, Zheng Saimei International Medicine and Health Guidance News    2022, 28 (11): 1574-1578.   DOI: 10.3760/cma.j.issn.1007-1245.2022.11.022 Abstract （763）            Knowledge map    Save Objective To observe the effect of Shaofu Zhuyu granule combined with ceftazidime in the treatment of chronic pelvic inflammatory disease (CPID) and to provide references for the selection of a disease treatment scheme. Methods One hundred and twelve patients with CPID admitted to Maternal and Child Health Center of Haifeng County from June 2019 to June 2021 were selected for the prospective study. They were divided into a combined group and a reference group by the random number table method, with 56 cases in each group. The combined group was (38.58 ± 8.03) years old, with a disease course of (5.05±1.66) years. The reference group was (36.89 ± 7.34) years old, with a disease course of (4.67±1.72) years. The reference group was treated with ceftazidime, and the combined group with Shaofu Zhuyu granule and ceftazidime, for 2 weeks. The curative effects, adverse reactions, and recurrence rates 3 and 6 months after the treatment were compared between the two groups by the χ 2 test, and the pelvic mass diameters, pelvic effusion depths, and hemorheological indexes (high shear whole blood specific viscosity, plasma specific viscosity, low shear whole blood specific viscosity, and hematocrit) before and after the treatment by the paired t test and independent-sample t test. Results The total effective rate of the combined group was higher than that of the reference group [89.29% (50/56) vs. 71.43% (40/56); χ 2=5.657, P=0.017). There was no statistical difference in the total incidence of adverse reactions between the combined group and the reference group [12.50% (7/56) vs. 16.07% (9/56); χ 2=0.292, P=0.589]. After 2 weeks' treatment, the diameter of pelvic mass, depth of pelvic effusion, high shear whole blood specific viscosity, plasma specific viscosity, low shear whole blood specific viscosity, and hematocrit in the combined group were (1.06±0.38) cm, (1.42±0.48) cm, (2.86±0.49) mPa·s, (1.28±0.35) mPa·s, (6.41 ± 1.56) mPa·s, and (42.38 ± 3.45)%, which were lower than those in the reference group [(2.88±0.57) cm, (1.96±0.55) cm, (3.95±0.53) mPa·s, (1.77±0.38) mPa·s, (9.79±1.97) mPa·s, and (45.07±4.02)%] ( t=19.881, 5.536, 11.301, 7.098, 10.066, and 3.800; all P<0.001). Three and six months after the treatment, the recurrence rates in the combined group were lower than those in the reference group [1.82% (1/55) vs. 14.55% (8/55) and 7.41% (4/54) vs. 25.93% (14/54); χ 2=4.356 and 6.667, P=0.037 and 0.010]. Conclusion Shaofu Zhuyu granule combined with ceftazidime in the treatment of patients with CPID can improve hemorheology, promote the regression of pelvic mass and pelvic effusion, enhance curative effect, reduce recurrence, and obtain good safety. Reference | Related Articles | Metrics

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Analysis and thinking of digestive system reaction caused by Biling Weitong granules Zhao Zhanwei, Cui Hongxia International Medicine and Health Guidance News    2023, 29 (7): 1004-1006.   DOI: 10.3760/cma.j.issn.1007-1245.2023.07.027 Abstract （707）            Knowledge map    Save Biling Weitong granules are an empirical formula summarized on the basis of ancient prescription combined with clinical experiences. They have the effect of acid inhibition and analgesia, and are widely used in the treatment of stomach diseases such as gastritis and gastric ulcer. However, there is a lack of description of adverse reactions in the instructions and few related reports, which cannot provide enough references for clinical treatment and patients. Two patients in Weihai Central Hospital Affiliated to Qingdao University had digestive tract reactions after taking Biling Weitong granules, which was analyzed by the author in order to provide help for the improvement of Chinese patent medicine instructions. Reference | Related Articles | Metrics

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Correlations between diopter and retinal thickness and macular blood flow in adolescent myopia patients Gu Yu, Chen Zhendong, Bian Lanyan, Yang Yufang International Medicine and Health Guidance News    2022, 28 (14): 2001-2005.   DOI: 10.3760/cma.j.issn.1007-1245.2022.14.017 Abstract （692）            Knowledge map    Save Objective To investigate the correlations between diopter and retinal thickness and macular blood flow in adolescent myopia patients. Methods Fifty-eight adolescent myopia patients admitted to the outpatient department of Dongguan Guangming Eye Hospital from May 2020 to December 2021 were retrospectively analyzed, including 19 cases of low myopia, 21 cases of medium myopia, and 18 cases of high myopia, and 22 adolescents with normal vision were selected as the control group. In the low myopia group, there were 10 males and 9 females, aged (12.38±3.03) years; in the medium myopia group, there were 11 males and 10 females, aged (13.01±2.95) years; in the high myopia group, there were 9 males and 9 females, aged (12.85±3.11) years; in the control group, there were 11 males and 11 females, aged (13.08±3.32) years. The indexes related to macular blood flow and retinal thickness were measured by Cirrus HD-OCT-5000 instrument from Zeiss, Germany. The peripheral, upper, lower, nasal, and temporal retinal thicknesses were compared between the myopia group and the control group; the peripheral, upper, lower, nasal, and temporal retinal thicknesses were compared among the low, medium, and high myopia groups; the indexes related to macular blood flow in the low, medium, and high myopia groups were compared. Pearson correlation analysis was used to analyze the correlations between patients' diopter and retinal thickness and macular blood flow indexes. Independent sample t test or F test was used for the measurement data, and χ 2 test was used for the count data. Results The peripheral, upper, lower, nasal, and temporal retinal thicknesses in the myopia group were (93.68±10.25) μm, (118.63±9.87) μm, (110.33±10.37) μm, (57.93±8.14) μm, and (87.91±8.33) μm, respectively, which were significantly lower than those in the control group [(105.43±8.52) μm, (134.77±9.65) μm, (133.26±8.08) μm, (79.43±9.66) μm, and (102.44±6.78) μm], with statistically significant differences (all P<0.05). In the low, medium, and high myopia groups, the peripheral, upper, lower, nasal, and temporal retinal thicknesses decreased successively, with statistically significant differences (all P<0.05). There were no statistically significant differences in the vascular density in zone 1 (VD1), perfusion density in zone 1 (PD1), and perfusion density in zone 4 (PD4) among the low, medium, and high myopia groups (all P>0.05); the vascular density in zone 4 (VD4) and foveal avascular zone (FAZ) showed statistically significant differences among the three groups (all P<0.05), and the VD4 and FAZ decreased with the increase of myopia. Pearson correlation analysis showed that diopter was negatively correlated with retinal thickness and FAZ ( r=-0.648, P<0.001; r=-0.312, P=0.003), and was not significantly correlated with VD4 ( P>0.05). Conclusion The more severe myopia in adolescent myopia patients, the smaller the retinal thickness, and the lower the FAZ, showing a negative correlation, but the causal relationship needs to be studied in a multi-center. Reference | Related Articles | Metrics

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Ruiyun procedure for hemorrhoids combined with Milligan-Morgan in treatment of mixed hemorrhoids Zhang Chuanze, Yang Xiaozhao, Peng Ruyi, Xie Yongcan, Xing Zhuan, Chen Puqu International Medicine and Health Guidance News    2022, 28 (15): 2140-2143.   DOI: 10.3760/cma.j.issn.1007-1245.2022.15.016 Abstract （692）            Knowledge map    Save Objective To investigate the clinical effect of Ruiyun procedure for hemorrhoids (RPH) combined with Milligan-Morgan (M-M procedure) in the treatment of mixed hemorrhoids. Methods From January 1, 2016 to March 1, 2020, 145 patients with mixed hemorrhoids of grade Ⅲ to Ⅳ who were admitted to Department of General Surgery, Luoding People's Hospital were selected and divided into a control group and an observation group by the random number table method. The control group had 70 cases, including 30 males and 40 females who were (44.97±9.86) years old, and were treated with M-M procedure. The observation group had 75 cases, including 32 males and 43 females who were (45.83±10.27) years old, and were treated with RPH and M-M procedure. The therapeutic effects, perioperative indicators, incidences of adverse reactions, and recurrence rates of hemorrhoids were compared between these two groups. The independent-sample t and χ 2 tests were applied. Results The operation time and wound healing time of the observation group were shorter than those of the control group ( t=7.135 and 5.986, both P<0.05); the intraoperative bleeding volume of the observation group was significantly less than that of the control group ( t=6.372, P<0.05). The total effective rate was 100.00% (75/75) in the observation group, and was 100.00% (70/70) in the control group, with no statitical difference ( P>0.05). The incidence of complications during 3 months' follow up after the operation and the 6-month recurrence rate were 2.67% (2/75) and 1.33% (1/75) in the observation group, and were 10.00% (7/70) and 7.14% (5/70) in the control group, with statistical differences ( χ 2=3.345 and 3.081, both P<0.05). Conclusion RPH combined with M-M procedure in the treatment of mixed hemorrhoids is effective and can effectively shorten the operation time and wound healing time, and reduce intraoperative bleeding volume, complications, and recurrence. Reference | Related Articles | Metrics

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Clinical value of routine blood indicators and ratio changes in the differential diagnosis of COVID-19 and influenza  Yang Zhizhi, Yang Jie, Deng Jianjun, Zeng Yali International Medicine and Health Guidance News    2022, 28 (20): 2876-2880.   DOI: 10.3760/cma.j.issn.1007-1245.2022.20.013 Abstract （687）            Knowledge map    Save Objective To investigate the clinical value of routine blood indicators and their ratio changes in the diagnosis and differential diagnosis of COVID-19 and influenza. Methods Blood routine data of 25 patients with COVID-19, 207 patients with influenza A virus infection, and 240 patients with influenza B virus infection were selected, including 237 males and 235 females, aged 14-77 years. The neutrophil count (NC), lymphocyte count (LC), white blood cell count (WBC), and monocyte count (MC) of the three groups were analyzed retrospectively, and the lymphocyte/monocyte ratio (LMR), platelet/lymphocyte ratio (PLR), and neutrophil/lymphocyte ratio (NLR) were calculated to investigate the diagnostic values of the above parameters for COVID-19 and influenza. Analysis of variance, LSD test, and Tamhane test were used. Results The NC, MC, WBC, and NLR in the COVID-19 group were (3.52±1.33) ×10 9/L, (0.46±0.16) ×10 9/L, (5.50±1.46) ×10 9/L, and (3.05±2.04), which were significantly lower than those in the influenza A group [(5.52±2.32) ×10 9/L, (0.62±0.25) ×10 9/L, (7.47±2.55) ×10 9/L, and (5.51±3.82)], and the LMR was (3.37±1.72), which was slightly higher than (2.24±1.34) in the influenza A group, with statistically significant differences (all P<0.05). The MC and NLR of the COVID-19 group were significantly lower than those of the influenza B group, and the LMR was slightly higher than that of the influenza B group (all P<0.05). The NC, PLT, WBC, and NLR of the influenza A group were significantly higher than those of the influenza B group, with statistically significant differences (all P<0.05). The receiver operating characteristic curve (ROC) analysis showed that NLR had the highest diagnostic specificity and sensitivity for influenza A and influenza B, with 88.2% and 81.2% for influenza A and 91.2% and 65.0% for influenza B. Conclusion Routine blood indicators and ratio changes can better assist in the diagnosis and differential diagnosis of COVID-19 and influenza, among which NLR has the highest diagnostic specificity and sensitivity for influenza, LC, NLR, LMR, and PLR have important clinical significance for the diagnosis of COVID-19, and MC, NLR, and LMR are important indicators for the differential diagnosis of COVID-19 and influenza. Reference | Related Articles | Metrics

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Meta-analysis of risk factors of postoperative vascular crisis in patients after severed finger replantation Liu Fengjing Liu Huiwen Wang Meiling Chen Bizhen International Medicine and Health Guidance News    2022, 28 (15): 2073-2078.   DOI: 10.3760/cma.j.issn.1007-1245.2022.15.001 Abstract （669）            Knowledge map    Save Objective To systematically evaluate the risk factors of vascular crisis after replantation of severed fingers. Methods The databases Wanfang, CNKI, VIP, China Biomedicine, Web of Science, PubMed, and The Cochrane Library were searched from their establishment to April 30, 2022. According to the inclusion and exclusion criteria, two researchers independently screened the literatures, extracted the data, and evaluated the literatures. The Revman 5.3 software was used for the meta-analysis of risk factors. The results were expressed by odds ratio ( OR) and 95% confidence interval ( CI). When P≥0.1 and I 2<50%, the fixed effect model was used for the meta analysis. When P<0.1 and/or I 2≥50%, the random effect model was used for the meta analysis. Results A total of 9 literatures were included, including 1 728 patients, and 303 patients had vascular crisis, and the incidence of vascular crisis was 21.26%. Meta analysis showed that gender (women) ( OR=3.73, 95% CI 2.04-6.82, P<0.000 01), age < 12 years ( OR=4.71, 95% CI 3.41-6.50, P<0.000 01), smoking history ( OR=4.06, 95% CI 3.08-5.35, P<0.000 01), ischemic time > 10 hours ( OR=3.04, 95% CI 1.52-6.07, P=0.002), cause of injury (crush avulsion injury) ( OR=4.09, 95% CI 2.89-5.78, P<0.00001), and dissociation plane (distal segment dissociation) ( OR=4.10, 95%CI 3.03-5.54, P<0.000 01) were the risk factors of vascular crisis after finger replantation. Conclusions The incidence of vascular crisis after replantation of severed fingers is high. Targeted preventive measures should be taken for replantation patients such as female, young age, smoking history, long ischemic time, crush avulsion injury, and distal segment disconnection, so as to reduce the incidence of vascular crisis and improve the severed fingers' survival rate after replantation. Reference | Related Articles | Metrics

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MRI combined with tumor markers in diagnosis of ovarian tumors Shi Wenyan, Zhu Jianye, Guan Dongdong International Medicine and Health Guidance News    2022, 28 (13): 1778-1783.   DOI: 10.3760/cma.j.issn.1007-1245.2022.13.001 Abstract （666）            Knowledge map    Save Objective To explore the value of magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and serum tumor markers in the diagnosis of ovarian tumors and to better guide the treatment choice. Methods From January 2019 to December 2020, 60 patients with ovarian malignant tumors who were 18-80 years old, with an average of 56.13 and were treated at Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Binzhou Medical University Hospital were selected as a malignant group, and 330 patients with benign tumors who were 16-77 years old, with an average of 43.27 and were treated at Binzhou Medical University Hospital were selected as a benign group. The results of MRI and serum tumor marker detection in both groups were collected. The pathological results were used as the gold standard. SPSS 26.0 software was used as the statistical analysis software. t test was used for the measurement data, and chi-square test for the enumeration data. The application values of MRI, serum tumor markers, and their combined detection in the preoperative diagnosis of ovarian benign and malignant tumors were evaluated, and receiver operating characteristic curve (ROC) was used to analyze the efficacy of each serum tumor marker in predicting ovarian malignant tumors. Results The malignant tumors in the malignant group were mostly characterized by unclear borders on MRI, and the tumor properties were mostly cystic or solid; the enhanced MRI examinations were mostly markedly enhanced, and the MRI-weighted imaging (DWI) showed obviously high signal. The benign tumors mostly showed clear borders on MRI; most tumors were cystic; most of them were non-enhanced or mildly enhanced on MRI, and most of them showed slightly hyperintensity or isointensity on DWI. The difference between these two groups was statistically significant ( P<0.05). The serum levels of carbohydrate antigen-125 (CA125), carbohydrate antigen-199 (CA199), carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA), and human epididymal protein 4 (HE4) were (885.37±159.14) U/ml, (236.69±65.31) U/ml, (27.49±11.75) μg/L, and (364.21±54.08) pmol/L in the malignant group, which were higher than those in the benign group [(150.44±40.45) U/ml, (92.20±19.64) U/ml, (5.68±0.66) μg/L, and (178.73±7.39) pmol/L], with statistical differences ( t=4.476, 2.119, 2.423, and 3.398; all P<0.05). The positive detection rates of CA199, CEA, HE4, and their combination were 73.33% (44/60), 33.33% (20/60), 23.33% (14/60), 53.33% (32/60), and 90.00% (54/60) in the malignant group, which were higher than those in the benign group [13.94% (46/330), 17.88% (59/330), 8.18% (27/330), 2.73% (9/330), and 33.03% (109/330)], with statistical differences ( χ 2=100.891, 7.507, 12.389, 132.105, and 67.734; all P<0.05). The ROC analysis showed that the areas under the curves (AUC) of CA125, CA199, HE4, and CEA in the diagnosis of ovarian malignant tumors were 0.867, 0.525, 0.893, and 0.540, respectively; the sensitivity of MRI in the diagnosis of ovarian tumors was 83.33%, the specificity was 96.97%, and the accuracy was 96.15%; the sensitivity of the four tumor markers combined to diagnose ovarian tumors was 90.00%, the specificity was 66.96%, and the accuracy was 70.51%; the combination of MRI and the four tumor markers had a sensitivity of 95.00% and a specificity of 99.39%, and the accuracy was 98.72%; the differences were statistically significant (all P<0.05). Conclusions The application value of MRI combined with tumor markers in the diagnosis of ovarian tumors is greater than that of single MRI or serum tumor markers. MRI combined with tumor markers is of great significance in the diagnosis of ovarian tumors and is worthy of clinical application. Reference | Related Articles | Metrics

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Nerve root block combined with shock wave in treatment of cervical spondylotic radiculopathy Jian Yanpeng, Zhou Jinge, Yue Xiaoxiang, Li Genfeng, Xu Songshan, Liu Weijie, Fan Jun, Wang Yigong International Medicine and Health Guidance News    2022, 28 (15): 2104-2108.   DOI: 10.3760/cma.j.issn.1007-1245.2022.15.008 Abstract （664）            Knowledge map    Save Objective To investigate the clinical effect of nerve root block and shock wave in the treatment of cervical spondylotic radiculopathy. Methods From June 2019 to June 2020, 60 patients with cervical spondylosis radiculopathy treated in Xuchang Central Hospital were divided into a control group and a study group by lottery, with 30 cases in each group. There were 13 males and 17 females in the control group, and they were (41.09±4.41) years old. There were 14 males and 16 females in the study group, and they were (41.85±5.27) years old. The control group were treated with nerve root block, and the study group with shock wave and nerve root block. After the treatment, the clinical efficacies, scores of Visual Analog Scale (VAS), and neck disability indexes (NDI) of the two groups were compared and analyzed. Chi square test, independent sample t test, and ANONA were applied. Results After 4 weeks' treatment, the total clinical effective rate of the study group was higher than that of the control group [86.7% (26/30) vs. 63.3% (19/30)], with a statistical difference ( P<0.05). After 2 weeks' treatment, the scores of VAS of the two groups were lower than those before the treatment, and the score in the study group was lower than that in the control group [(2.93±0.54) vs. (3.84±0.79)], with a statistical difference ( P<0.05); the NDI's of the two groups were lower than those before the treatment, and the NDI in the study group was lower than that in the control group [(23.03±2.74) vs. (26.55±1.87)], with a statistical difference ( P<0.05). After 4 weeks' treatment, the score of VAS and NDI of the study group were lower than those of the control group [(1.29±0.44) vs. (2.23±0.85) and (13.76±2.33) vs. (19.77±4.42)], with statistical differences (both P<0.05). Conclusion For patients with radiculopathy of cervical spondylosis, nerve root block or nerve root block combined with shock wave can alleviate their discomfort, but the latter is better on reducing their pain, so it is worth being clinically generalized. Reference | Related Articles | Metrics

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Transanal endoscopic microsurgery for benign rectal tumors Yu Xiyang, Zhao Shengying, Yu Wenjing, Ren Jianhua, Ma Kefeng, Dai Xuefeng International Medicine and Health Guidance News    2022, 28 (11): 1586-1591.   DOI: 10.3760/cma.j.issn.1007-1245.2022.11.025 Abstract （664）            Knowledge map    Save Objective To investigate the effect of transanal endoscopic microsurgery on postoperative gastrointestinal function recovery and serum advanced oxidized protein product (AOPP) and glutathione peroxidase (GSH-Px) levels in patients with benign rectal tumors. Methods Seventy-three patients with benign rectal tumors treated at Lanshan District People's Hospital from August 2017 to August 2019 were selected for the prospective study and divided into a microsurgery group (37 cases) and a traditional surgery group (36 cases) according to a random number table. There were 22 males and 15 females in the microsurgery group, and they were (51.42±5.58) years old. There were 23 males and 13 females in the traditional surgery group, and they were (52.26±6.04) years old. The microsurgery group underwent transanal endoscopic microsurgery, and the traditional surgery group conventional surgery. The surgical conditions, surgical efficacies, incidences of complications, and serum levels of oxidative stress indicators (AOPP and GSH-Px), and gastrointestinal hormone indicators [serum motilin (MTL) and gastrin (GAs)] before and 1 and 3 days after the operation were compared between the two groups. The independent-sample t test, paired t test, and χ 2 test were applied. Results The postoperative bowel sound recovery time, first anal flatus time, time to eat, and hospital stay were (5.17±0.94) h, (6.93±1.72) h, (29.31±5.28) h, and (3.42±0.81) d in the microsurgery group, which were shorter than those in the traditional group [(11.62±1.85) h, (15.70±2.14) h, (68.74±11.02) h, and (7.60±1.29) d], with statistical differences ( t=18.855, 19.326, 19.579, and 16.629; all P<0.001). The intraoperative blood loss was (30.53±5.69) ml in the microsurgery group, and was (49.17±8.50) ml in the traditional surgery group, with a statistical difference ( t=11.038, P<0.05). The total effective rate and the incidence of postoperative complications were 97.30% (36/37) and 8.11% (3/37) in the microsurgery group, and were 77.78% (28/36) and 27.78% (10/36) in the traditional surgery group, with statistical differences ( χ2=4.753 and 4.823; both P<0.05). The serum AOPP levels 1 and 3 days after the operation were higher than those before the operation in the two groups, and were lower in the microsurgery group than in the traditional surgery group [(65.11±8.24) μmol/L vs. (102.58±16.70) μmol/L and (52.48±6.61) μmol/L vs. (78.12±10.23) μmol/L; t=12.208 and 12.754, both P<0.001]. The serum GSH-Px levels 1 and 3 days after the operation were lower than those before the operation in the two groups, and were higher in the microsurgery group than in the traditional surgery group [126.27±18.59) U/ml vs. (84.91±12.52) U/ml and (141.10±22.73) U/ml vs. (104.58±19.65) U/ml; t=11.118 and 7.335 both P<0.001]. The serum levels of MTL and GAs 3 days and 1 week after the operation were lower than those before the operation in both groups, and were higher in the microsurgery group than in the traditional surgery group [(228.17±19.53) pg/ml, (254.50±22.47) pg/ml, (66.35±5.48) μmol/L, and (71.41±6.34) μmol/L vs. (181.25±15.58) pg/ml, (203.56±20.52) pg/ml, (61.43±4.91) μmol/L, and (66.45±5.39) μmol/L], with statistical differences ( t=11.328, 10.106, 4.036, and 3.597; all P<0.001). Conclusion Compared with traditional surgery, transanal endoscopic microsurgery for benign rectal tumors can improve the treatment effect, reduce surgical trauma, promote postoperative gastrointestinal function recovery, and reduce the occurrence of complications, and has little effect on serum AOPP and GSH-Px levels, and the body's oxidative stress response is mild. Reference | Related Articles | Metrics

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Curative effect observation of comprehensive moxibustion therapy with Huolong Cupping in patients with cervical spondylosis and cervical pain Wu Jie, Deng Xiuhong, Lei Lifang, Zhou Jiajia International Medicine and Health Guidance News    2022, 28 (20): 2947-2950.   DOI: 10.3760/cma.j.issn.1007-1245.2022.20.030 Abstract （654）            Knowledge map    Save Objective To summarize and analyze the effect of comprehensive moxibustion therapy with Huolong Cupping for cervical pain of cervical spondylosis. Methods The case data of 45 patients with cervical spondylosis treated in Dade Road General Hospital of Guangdong Provincial Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine from March 2020 to February 2022 were retrospectively studied and analyzed. There were 37 females and 8 males, aged 34-85 (59.51±11.37) years, the course of disease was 18 days to 20 years, and the degree of cervical pain was moderate in 27 cases and severe in 18 cases. On the basis of routine nursing, the patients undertook comprehensive moxibustion therapy with Huolong Cupping. Paired t test was used to statistically analyze the data. The degrees of cervical pain and cervical spine function before and after intervention, clinical efficacy, incidence of adverse events, and nursing satisfaction were evaluated. Results The Visual Analogue Scale (VAS) score in the 45 patients after intervention was (2.36±0.85), which was significantly lower than that before intervention (5.93±1.16), with a statistically significant difference ( t=23.738, P<0.001). The Neck Disabililty Index (NDI) score after intervention was (13.67±4.01), which was significantly lower than that before intervention (35.56±6.95), with a statistically significant difference ( t=18.855, P<0.001). Among the 45 patients, 4 cases (8.9%) were significantly effective, 40 cases (88.9%) were effective, and 1 case (2.2%) was ineffective, with a total effective rate of 97.8% (44/45). There were no adverse events such as skin damage and swelling at the application site. The nursing satisfaction score was (95.04±6.31). Conclusion The application of comprehensive moxibustion therapy with Huolong Cupping in patients with cervical spondylosis can significantly alleviate the degree of cervical pain, improve the function of cervical spine, and improve the treatment effect and nursing satisfaction, with high safety and high clinical application value. Reference | Related Articles | Metrics

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Application of case-based PBL combined with teachers and students' three-dimensional evaluation teaching method in the clinical teaching of general surgery  Xiao Chengzuo, Hao Jun, Liu Renhong, Xu Peng, Deng Yuqing, Zou Linhan, Liu Bing International Medicine and Health Guidance News    2022, 28 (14): 1973-1976.   DOI: 10.3760/cma.j.issn.1007-1245.2022.14.011 Abstract （639）            Knowledge map    Save  Objective To explore the application effect of case-based PBL (problem-based learning) combined with teachers and students' three-dimensional evaluation teaching method in the clinical teaching of general surgery. Methods A total of 135 general surgery interns from Shenzhen Shajing Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University from January 2017 to September 2019 were randomly divided into a traditional group, a control group, and an observation group. There were 45 subjects in the traditional group, including 27 males and 18 females, aged (22.6±1.9) years; there were 45 subjects in the control group, including 29 males and 16 females, aged (22.3±1.8) years; there were 45 subjects in the observation group, including 25 males and 20 females, aged (23.1±1.7) years. The traditional group, the control group, and the observation group were taught by traditional teaching method, case-based PBL teaching method, and case-based PBL combined with teachers and students' three-dimensional evaluation teaching method respectively. After different teaching methods, the effect was evaluated in terms of teaching effect, satisfaction, and examination results. ANOVA was used for the measurement data and χ 2 test was used for the count data. Results The case-based PBL combined with teachers and students' three-dimensional evaluation teaching method improved the interns' satisfaction on the teaching of general surgery, and improved their examination scores [(79.9±11.9) points in the traditional group vs. (82.4±12.5) points in the control group vs. (87.5±10.3) points in the observation group ], with statistically significant differences (all P<0.05). Conclusion The case-based PBL combined with teachers and students' three-dimensional evaluation teaching method has a good effect in clinical teaching of general surgery, which is worthy of application and popularization in surgery teaching. Reference | Related Articles | Metrics

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Clinical effect of dexmedetomidine and propofol combined with a low dose of esketamine in hysteroscopy Du Shuping, Wang Xiaodong, Pan Hongxia, Meng Qingwei, Wang Weiwei, Yu Songyang, Wang Zhijuan International Medicine and Health Guidance News    2022, 28 (15): 2093-2097.   DOI: 10.3760/cma.j.issn.1007-1245.2022.15.005 Abstract （638）            Knowledge map    Save Objective To investigate clinical effect of dexmedetomidine, propofol, and a low dose of esmketamine in hysteroscopy. Methods Niety-six female patients who were 18-60 years old and underwent gynecological hysteroscopic surgery in Weihai Municipal Hospital from January to December 2021 were selected, were divided into a control group (48 cases) and a study group (48 cases) by the random number table method. The control group was anesthetized with dexmedetomidine and propofol, and the study group with dexmedetomidine, propofol, and a low dose of esmketamine. The mean arterial pressures (MAP), heart rates (HR), and pulse oxygen saturations (SpO 2) when entering the room (T0), when the Ramsay score reached 5 (T1), at cervical dilation (T2), and when they woke up (T4) were observed and recorded. The dosages of propofol during operation, the recovery times after operation, and the occurrences of perioperative adverse reactions were recorded. The independent-sample t test, repeated measure ANOVA, and χ 2 test were applied. Results At T1, the MAP, HR, and SpO 2 in the study group were obviously higher than those in the control group [(68.5±8.9) mmHg (1 mmHg=0.133 kPa) vs. (59.3±7.5) mmHg, (75.3±6.4) beats/min vs. (60.5±7.7) beats/min, and (98.5±0.6)% vs. (95.5±1.1)%; all P<0.05]; at T2, the MAP and HR in the study group were lower than those in the control group [(73.8±10.1) mmHg vs. (83.5±11.8) mmHg and (76.1±9.7) beats/min vs. (89.7±8.7) beats/min; both P<0.05]. The dosage of propofol in the control group was greater than that in the study group [(269.2±29.2) mg vs. (216.7±25.2) mg; t=9.430, P<0.001]. The recovery time in the control group was significantly longer than that in the study group [(6.9±1.3) min vs. (5.5±1.2) min; t=5.482, P<0.001]. The incidences of locomotor response and respiratory depression in the control group were significantly higher than those in the study group [25.0% (12/48) vs. 4.2% (2/48) and 31.2% (15/48) vs. 6.2% (3/48); both P<0.05]. There were no statistical differences in the incidences of postoperative nausea and vomiting and vertigo between the two groups (both P>0.05). Conclusion The use of dexmedetomidine, propofol, and a low dose of esmketamine in gynecological hysteroscopic anesthesia has smooth circulation and breathing, rapid postoperative recovery, good controllability, and a low incidence of adverse reactions, with high clinical application value. Reference | Related Articles | Metrics

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Application of continuous nursing in treatment of bromhidrosis by subcutaneous pruning through small incision combined with negative pressure suction and curettage Yu Ting, Liu Xiaojia, Li Gaofeng, Ding Wei International Medicine and Health Guidance News    2022, 28 (15): 2136-2139.   DOI: 10.3760/cma.j.issn.1007-1245.2022.15.015 Abstract （631）            Knowledge map    Save Objective To investigate the effect of continuous nursing in the treatment of bromhidrosis by subcutaneous pruning through small incision combined with negative pressure suction and curettage. Methods Eighty patients with bromhidrosis treated by small incision subcutaneous pruning combined with negative pressure suction and curettage in Outpatient Department, The First Affiliated Hospital of Hunan Normal University from May 2020 to May 2022 were selected. According to different nursing measures, the patients were divided into an observation group and a control group, with 40 cases in each group. There were 32 males and 8 females in the observation group, with an age of (25.5 ± 7.1); there were 10 cases of Park grade Ⅱ, 16 cases of grade Ⅲ, and 14 cases of grade Ⅳ. There were 32 males and 8 females in the control group, with an age of (25.2 ± 5.9); there were 11 cases of Park grade Ⅱ, 17 cases of grade Ⅲ, 12 cases of grade Ⅳ. The observation group implemented continuous nursing during the whole perioperative period, while the control group adopted routine nursing. One week after the operation, the patient satisfaction and complications of the two groups were calculated and compared.   Independent-sample t and χ 2 tests were applied. Results The total satisfaction of the observation group was 97.5% (39/40), which was significantly higher than that of the control group [82.5% (33/40), with a statistical difference ( χ 2=5.100, P=0.025). There were only 2 cases of subcutaneous hematoma in the observation group, and the incidence of complications was 5.0% (2/40); there were 5 cases of subcutaneous hematoma, 3 cases of flap necrosis, and 1 case of infection in the control group, and the incidence of complications was 22.5% (9/40); the incidence of complications in the observation group were significantly lower than that in the control group ( χ 2=5.165, P=0.023). Conclusion In the treatment of bromhidrosis by small incision subcutaneous pruning combined with negative pressure suction and curettage, the implementation of continuous nursing in the perioperative period can improve the patients' satisfaction, and reduce the incidence of surgical complications, so it is worth being clinically generalized. Reference | Related Articles | Metrics

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Application of different endometrial preparation protocols in first FET in patients with high-risk of OHSS Su Ning, Xia Wei, Wang Wei, He Yan International Medicine and Health Guidance News    2022, 28 (13): 1854-1858.   DOI: 10.3760/cma.j.issn.1007-1245.2022.13.016 Abstract （624）            Knowledge map    Save Objective To investigate the effects of different endometrial preparation protocols on the outcomes of first frozen-thawed embryo transfer (FET) in patients with high risk of ovarian hyperstimulation syndrome (OHSS) after whole embryo freezing. Methods A total of 226 patients who underwent in vitro fertilization-embryo transfer (IVF-ET) and whole embryo freezing due to high risk of OHSS in Guangzhou First People's Hospital from January 2019 to October 2020 were selected. According to different endometrial preparation protocols, the patients were divided into a natural cycle (NC) group [74 cases who were (30.65±4.80) years old], a hormone replacement cycle (HRT) group [108 cases who were (29.79±4.41) years old], and a down-regulated hormone replacement cycle (GnRHa+HRT) group [44 cases who were (30.03±4.56) years old]. The ages, years of infertility, body mass indexes (BMI), basal sex hormones, anti-Müllerian hormone (AMH), average numbers of embryos transferred, embryo implantation rates, clinical pregnancy rates, ectopic pregnancy rates, early miscarriage rates, and multiple pregnancy rates were compared between these three groups. Analysis of variance and χ 2 test were used for the statistical analysis. The difference was considered statistically significant when P < 0.05. Results There were no statistical differences in age, years of infertility, BMI, basal sex hormones, AMH, average number of transferred embryos, and embryo implantation rate between the three groups (all P>0.05). The endometrial thickness on the day of transplantation in the HRT group [(9.80±1.61) mm] was significantly lower than those in the NC group [(11.07±1.71) mm] and the GnRHa+HRT group [(10.23±1.66) mm], with a statistical difference ( F=7.509, P=0.001); there was no statistical difference between the NC group and the GnRHa+HRT group ( P>0.05). The proportion of blastocysts in the HRT group was significantly higher than that in the NC group [47.22% (51/108) vs. 32.43% (24/74)], with a statistical difference ( P<0.05); there was no statistical difference between the NC group and the GnRHa+HRT group ( P>0.05). There were no significant differences in the clinical pregnancy rate, ectopic pregnancy rate, early miscarriage rate, and multiple pregnancy rate between the three groups (all P>0.05). Conclusions There is no significant difference in the clinical pregnancy effect between the three endometrial preparation protocols for the first frozen-thawed embryo transfer in patients with high risk of OHSS after whole embryo freezing. It is recommended that doctors choose an individualized protocol according to the actual situation of infertile patients to obtain ideal pregnancy outcomes. Reference | Related Articles | Metrics

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Medicine prescriptions and clinical efficacy of elderly diabetic patients complicated with hypertension in community health service centers Chen Jingwen, Yang Zhiwen, Fang Weijun International Medicine and Health Guidance News    2022, 28 (15): 2132-2135.   DOI: 10.3760/cma.j.issn.1007-1245.2022.15.014 Abstract （616）            Knowledge map    Save Objective To investigate the medicine prescriptions and clinical efficacy in elderly diabetic patients complicated with hypertension in community health service centers, and to provide references for the rational drug use for those patients in community health service centers. Methods The medicine prescriptions and clinical efficacy in 355 elderly diabetic patients complicated with hypertension treated at Xiaokunshan Community Health Service Center from January to March 2021 were retrospectively analyzed. Among the 355 patients, there were 132 males and 223 females, and they were (77.98±5.42) years old. Results The top 5 hypoglycemic agents for the 355 patients were sulfonylureas [60.6% (215/355)], biguanides [48.5% (172/355)], α-glycosidaseinhibitors [37.5% (133/355)], insulin [14.4% (51/355)], and thiazolidinediones [7.6% (27/355)], and the top 5 antihypertensive drugs were calcium antagonists [67.0% (238/355)], angiotensin Ⅱ receptor antagonists (ARB) [61.1% (217/355)], β-receptor blockers [6.7% (24/355)], angiotensin converting enzyme inhibitors (ACEI) [4.2% (15/355)], and diuretics [3.9% (14/355)]. The blood glucose qualified rate was 89.3% (317/355), and the unqualified rate 10.7% (38/355). The blood pressure qualified rate was 84.2% (299/355), and the unqualified rate 15.8% (56/355). Conclusion The drug administration of elderly diabetic patients complicated with hypertension is reasonable in the community, and their disease condition control is basically stable, but some treatment cannot be followed and evaluated, some treatment effect is not qualified, and some irrational drug use is also found. Reference | Related Articles | Metrics

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Effect of Xipayi Mouth Rinse Fluid combined with minocycline on levels of inflammatory factors and periodontal clinical indicators in patients with periodontitis Wu Fuyan, Guo Hongyan International Medicine and Health Guidance News    2022, 28 (13): 1880-1884.   DOI: 10.3760/cma.j.issn.1007-1245.2022.13.021 Abstract （612）            Knowledge map    Save Objective To explore the effect of Xipayi Mouth Rinse Fluid combined with minocycline on inflammatory factors in gingival crevicular fluid and periodontal clinical indicators in patients with periodontitis. Methods Ninety-eight patients with periodontitis treated in Liaocheng No.4 People's Hospital from February 2019 to February 2022 were selected as the research objects, and they were divided into a control group and an observation group by the random number table method, with 49 cases in each group. The control group had 25 males and 24 females who were (43.73±3.58) years old, and were treated with minocycline. The observation group had 27 males and 22 females who were (44.43±4.76) years old, and were treated with Xipayi Mouth Rinse Fluid and minocycline. The clinical curative effects after the treatment, changes of inflammatory factors in gingival crevicular fluid, periodontal indicators before and after one course of treatment, and clinical safety were compared between the two groups. The independent-sample t test, paired t test, and χ 2 test were applied. Results After the treatment, the total effective rate in the observation group was 95.92% (47/49), which was higher than that in the control group [79.59% (39/49)], with a statistical difference ( χ 2=6.078, P=0.014). After the treatment, the levels of interleukin -6(IL-6), monocyte chemoattractant protein (MCP-1), prostaglandin (PGE2), and visfatin (VF) in gingival crevicular fluid were (3.59±0.62) ng/L, (81.39±8.19) ng/L, (48.81±6.53) ng/L, and (31.41±7.56) μg/L in the observation group, and were (4.34±0.69) ng/L, (91.05±10.12) ng/L, (56.47±9.04) ng/L, and (40.58±6.53) μg/L in the control group, with statistical differences between the two groups (all P < 0.01). The periodontal probing depth (PD), attachment loss (AL), plaque index (PLI), and gingival sulcus bleeding index (SBI) were (3.02±0.56) mm, (2.08±0.49) mm, (1.12±0.33) points, and (1.18±0.39) points in the observation group, and were (3.69±0.87) mm, (2.69±0.72) mm, (1.82±0.44) points, and (2.08±0.45) points in the control group, with statistical differences between the two groups (all P < 0.01). The incidence of clinical adverse reactions was 4.08% (2/49) in the observation group, and was 10.20% (5/49) in the control group, with no statistical difference ( χ 2=1.427, P=0.232). Conclusion Xipayi Mouth Rinse Fluid combined with minocycline can effectively relieve inflammation in periodontitis patients and improve their periodontal clinical indicators, and has good clinical effect. Reference | Related Articles | Metrics

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Prevalence of dental caries in 6-19 years old students in Shanwei, Guangdong Province  Shen Yue, Fan Jiayi, Huang Qiuwei, Zhong Wenjia, Zheng Ting, Zhao Luodan, Cheng Huilin, Yang Zhiqian, Zhuang Peilin International Medicine and Health Guidance News    2022, 28 (15): 2122-2126.   DOI: 10.3760/cma.j.issn.1007-1245.2022.15.012 Abstract （601）            Knowledge map    Save Objective To investigate the prevalence rate of dental caries, DMFT, and proportion of decay missing filling in 6-19 years old students in Shanwei, Guangdong Province, and to provide basic data for caries prevention in Shanwei. Methods Using Multistage cluster sampling method, 5 110 students who were 6-19 years old were included from 2 primary schools, 2 middle schools, 2 high schools, and 1 vocational high school at urban area in Shanwei and 2 primary schools, 2 middle schools, 1 high school at Haifeng District, including 2 620 boys and 2 470 girls, and were detected for caries from October 10 to 16, 2021 and were statistically analyzed. t test, χ 2 test, and one-way ANOVA were applied. Results The caries rate of deciduous teeth was 88.54% and the DMFT was (4.79±3.47) in the 6-9 years old group, and there were no statistical differences between the boys and the girls (both P>0.05). The caries rates of permanent teeth in the 6-9 years old group, the 10-12 years old group, 13-15 years old group, and 16-19 years old group were 10.13%, 41.41%, 61.56%, and 65.98%, respectively, and the DFMT's were (0.16±0.55), (0.85±1.30), (1.77±2.16), and (2.29±2.24), respectively, indicating that the caries rate of permanent teeth and DFMT increased with age; the prevalence rates and DFMT's were significantly higher in the girls than in the boys in all the groups (all P<0.05). The filling rates of deciduous teeth in the 6-9 years old group and the 10-12 years old group were 1.22% and 2.76%. The filling proportions of permanent teeth in the 6-9 years old group, the 10-12 years old group, 13-15 years old group, and 16-19 years old group were 18.03%, 29.90%, 38.01%, and 47.86%, respectively, indicating that the filling proportion of permanent teeth increased with age. Conclusion The caries rate and DMFT of deciduous teeth in 6-12 year old students and those of permanent teeth in 6-19 year old students in Shanwei are relatively high, but the filling proportion is relatively low, so it is necessary to increase the public resources of oral health in this area and take reasonable and effective prevention and control measures to reduce the prevalence of dental caries in students. Reference | Related Articles | Metrics

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Application of enhanced recovery after surgery in the perioperative period of tuberculosis surgery in Zunyi area, Guizhou Tang Yang, Li Qiao, Qu Wendong, Liang Lubiao, Gong Ming, Han Hao, Song Yongxiang, Chen Cheng International Medicine and Health Guidance News    2022, 28 (16): 2262-2266.   DOI: 10.3760/cma.j.issn.1007-1245.2022.16.010 Abstract （593）            Knowledge map    Save Objective To analyze and validate the efficacy and safety of enhanced recovery after surgery (ERAS) in the perioperative period of pulmonary tuberculosis patients in Zunyi area, Guizhou. Methods A total of 110 patients with pulmonary tuberculosis underwent surgery in Department of Thoracic Surgery, The Affiliated Hospital of Zunyi Medical University from May 2021 to February 2022, and they were divided into an observation group and a control group by the random number table method, 55 cases in each group. The control group included 42 males and 13 females, aged (54.65±14.94) years; the observation group included 34 males and 21 females, aged (52.15±14.12) years. In the control group, the traditional rehabilitation measures were used to promote the patients' rehabilitation during the perioperative period; the observation group was given ERAS during the perioperative period. The related indexes in the patients were observed and analyzed. χ 2 test was used for the count data, and independent sample t test or Mann-Whitney U test was used for the measurement data. Results The amount of blood loss was 100 (50, 110) ml in the observation group and 100 (90, 160) ml in the control group, without statistically significant difference ( P=0.471). There were no statistically significant differences in the operation time and cost between the two groups (both P>0.05). The postoperative Visual Analog Scale (VAS) score, postoperative white blood cell count, length of hospital stay, extubation time, postoperative length of stay, and total cost of hospitalization were (3.82±1.36) points, (8.98±2.37) ×10 9/L, (10.69±2.27) d, (5.13±1.73) d, (7.89±2.45) d, and (59 932.16±12 914.00) yuan, which were lower than those in the control group [(4.62±1.89) points, (10.83±3.93) ×10 9/L, (12.13±2.63) d, (6.09±2.56) d, (8.95±2.54) d, and (65 421.43±14 684.88) yuan], with statistically significant differences (all P<0.05). The incidence of complications in the observation group was 3.6% (2/55), which was significantly lower than that in the control group [14.5% (8/55)] ( χ 2=3.960, P=0.047). Conclusion The perioperative application of ERAS in patients with pulmonary tuberculosis can effectively promote their rapid recovery, which is safe and effective and has the feasibility of implementation. Reference | Related Articles | Metrics

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Influencing factors of secondary sex ratio at birth after in-vitro fertilization and embryo transfer Ni Yunping, Hong Ruifang, Lu Shan, Chen Xulong, Deng Xuemei, Yuan Qilong International Medicine and Health Guidance News    2022, 28 (15): 2154-2159.   DOI: 10.3760/cma.j.issn.1007-1245.2022.15.019 Abstract （587）            Knowledge map    Save Objectives To explore the influencing factors of secondary sex ratio (SSR) at birth after in-vitro fertilization and embryo transfer (IVF-ET). Methods The sex data of the babies delivered by the women treated by IVF-ET at Department of Reproductive Medicine, Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine from June 2013 to June 2021 were collected. The SSR were analyzed by different embryo stages (cleavage stage or blastocyst stage), different fertilization methods [in vitro fertilization (IVF) or intracytoplasmic sperm insemination (ICSI)], and different sources of sperms (epididymal, testicular, or ejaculation). The data were analyzed by multivariate logistic regression analysis. The measurement data were analyzed by one-way ANOVA, and the enumeration data by χ 2 test and Fisher's exact test. Results The overall SSR was 116∶100 (1 158∶998). The SSR's of cleavage-stage embryo transfer (1 310 deliver cycles) and blastocyst stage embryo transfer (433 deliver cycles) were 108∶100 (870/809) and 147∶100 (277/189), with a statistical difference ( P<0.05). The SSR's of IVF treatment (1 306 cycles) and ICSI treatment (433 cycles) were 121∶100 (879/724) and 97∶100 (264/272), with a statistical difference ( P<0.05). The SSR of sperms from puncture was 90.2∶100 (37∶41). There was no statistical difference in SSR between different sperm sources treated by ICSI ( P>0.05). The SSR of sperms from testicular puncture was slightly higher than that of sperms from epididymal puncture. Conclusions Blastocyst stage transfer might be associated with a higher SSR than cleavage stage embryo transfer. The SSR of embryos transferred from IVF treatment is higher than that of embryos transferred from ICSI treatment. The stage of transferred embryos is an independent risk factor for the SSR at birth. Reference | Related Articles | Metrics

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Effect of cluster nursing on medication compliance and quality of life in drug-resistant children with Helicobacter pylori infection Zhao Qingqing, Zhang Yonghong, Dai Mingming, Xing Xiaoqian International Medicine and Health Guidance News    2022, 28 (14): 1964-1968.   DOI: 10.3760/cma.j.issn.1007-1245.2022.14.009 Abstract （575）            Knowledge map    Save Objective To explore the effect of cluster nursing on medication compliance and quality of life in drug-resistant children with Helicobacter pylori (Hp) infection. Methods The clinical data of 80 drug-resistant children with Hp infection treated in Children's Hospital Affiliated to Zhengzhou University from March 2019 to April 2021 were analyzed retrospectively. According to different nursing methods, they were divided into a control group [23 males, 17 females, with an age of (10.58±1.91) years old and a course of disease of (4.78±1.19) days] and an intervention group [21 males, 19 females, with an age of (10.68±2.31) years and a course of disease of (4.83±1.24) days], with 40 cases in each group. The control group was intervened by routine nursing mode, and the intervention group was intervened by cluster nursing mode. The medication compliance, treatment effect, scores of Screen for Child Anxiety Related Emotional Disorders (SCARED) and Quality of Life Scale for Children and Adolescents (QLSCA), and family satisfaction were compared between the two groups. Two independent sample t test was used for the measurement data, and χ 2 test was used for the count data. Results The medication compliance and treatment effective rate in the intervention group were 87.5% (35/40) and 90.0% (36/40), respectively, which were higher than those in the control group [67.5% (27/40) and 72.5% (29/40)], with statistically significant differences (both P<0.05). After intervention, the SCARED score in the intervention group was lower than that in the control group [(19.50±1.72) vs. (21.48±2.01)], and the QLSCA score was higher than that in the control group [(61.08±3.29) vs. (58.50±4.33)], with statistically significant differences (both P<0.05). The satisfaction of the intervention group was higher than that of the control group, with a statistically significant difference ( P<0.05). Conclusion The application of cluster nursing mode intervention in drug-resistant children with Hp infection can improve the medication compliance and quality of life. Reference | Related Articles | Metrics

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Influencing factors of urinary leakage in severe stroke patients indwelled with catheters  Feng Xiaoyu, Deng Li, Pan Sihao, Cao Yingchun, Wu Xiaobing International Medicine and Health Guidance News    2022, 28 (15): 2193-2196.   DOI: 10.3760/cma.j.issn.1007-1245.2022.15.029 Abstract （574）            Knowledge map    Save Objective To analyze the influencing factors of urinary leakage in severe stroke patients indwelled with catheters, and to put forward the treatment countermeasures. Methods By consulting the literatures, the causes of urinary leakage in the patients indwelled with catheters were screened, mainly including the type, material, infection, blockage, and so on. The clinical data of 110 severe stroke patients indwelled with catheters in the neurological intensive care unit of First Hospital, Guangzhou Medical University from January 2018 to December 2020 were collected and statistically analyzed, and the influencing factors of leakage were explored. The measurement data were compared between two groups by t test and between more than two groups by ANOVA, and the univariate analysis was did. Results Among the 110 patients, 22 had urinary leakage. The univariate analysis showed that there were no statistical differences between the patients with urinary leakage and the patients without urinary leakage in age, education level, gender, type of urinary catheter, amount of air bag injection, and diarrhea (all P > 0.05), and were in length of hospital stay, days of indwelling catheter, constipation, urine sediment, fever, gastric retention, and abdominal distension (all P<0.05). Logistic regression analysis showed that the length of hospital stay, the length of indwelling catheter, constipation, abdominal distention, and urinary sediment were the factors of urinary leakage. Conclusions The incidence of urinary leakage in severe stroke patients indwelled with urinary catheters is high. We should do a good job in urinary catheter management and strengthen the control and prevention of factors causing urinary leakage, so as to reduce the incidence of urinary leakage. Reference | Related Articles | Metrics