Abstract: Objective　To analyze the epidemiological characteristics and drug resistance of Salmonella infection at a hospital in Xiamen. Methods　Bacterial culture, identification, and drug susceptibility tests were performed on the stool samples of the 761 patients with suspected foodborne pathogen infection who visited Xiamen Humanity Hospital, Fujian Medical University from January 2019 to December 2021. There were 447 males and 314 females, and they were 0-95 years old.The patients were grouped according to gender, age, and sampling time. The detection results and drug resistance characteristics of Salmonella were cross-sectionally studied and analyzed. The χ² test was applied. Results　According to VITEK-MS mass spectrometry analysis and serum agglutination test, a total of 69 cases of Salmonella infection were found in the 761 patients, with a total detection rate of 9.07% (69/761). The 69 strains of Salmonella were distributed in 6 serogroups and 16 serotypes, mainly group B and group D. Salmonella typhimurium and Salmonella enteritidis accounted for 42.03% (29/69) and 23.19% (16 /69), the highest. According to chi-square test, there was no statistical difference in the infection rate of Salmonella between the patients of different genders (χ²=0.142, P=0.706), and was between the patients of different age groups (χ²=65.005, P<0.001); the infection rate of the 0-18 years old group was significantly higher than that of the adults. There were certain differences in the infection rate of Salmonella between different months, showing a certain change trend with the month, and the infection rate was higher from May to October. The drug sensitivity results showed that the Salmonella had the highest resistance rates to ampicillin and ampicillin/sulbactam, 74.55% (41/55) and 61.82% (34/55); the resistance rate to compound sulfamethoxazole was 38.18% (21/55); it was not resistant to imipenem. Conclusions　The serotypes of Salmonella infection in Xiamen City are complex, mainly Salmonella typhimurium and Salmonella enteritidis. Juvenile infection accounts for the main part, with obvious seasonal and regional characteristics, and summer and autumn are the high incidence seasons. Salmonella in this area have high resistance rates to ampicillin and ampicillin/sulbactam.

Key words: Salmonella, Serotype, Seasons, Drug resistance

摘要： 目的　分析厦门市某医院沙门菌感染的流行病学特征及耐药情况。方法　对2019年1月至2021年12月就诊于福建医科大学附属厦门弘爱医院的761例疑似食源性病原菌感染患者的粪便样本进行细菌培养、鉴定和药敏试验，其中男性447例，女性314例，年龄0～95岁。根据患者性别、年龄和采样时间等进行分组，对沙门菌的检出情况和耐药特征进行横断面研究和分析。采用χ²检验。结果　经VITEK-MS质谱分析和血清凝集试验，761例疑似食源性病原菌感染患者中共检出沙门菌感染69例，总检出率为9.07%（69/761）。69株沙门菌分布于6个血清群16个血清型，以B群和D群为主，鼠伤寒沙门菌和肠炎沙门菌占比最高，分别占42.03%（29/69）和23.19%（16/69）。经卡方检验，不同性别患者沙门菌检出率差异无统计学意义（χ²=0.142，P=0.706）；不同年龄段患者沙门菌检出率之间差异有统计学意义（χ²=65.005，P<0.001），0～18岁未成年人检出率显著高于成年人。不同月份沙门菌检出率有一定差异，沙门菌检出率随月份呈现一定的变化趋势，5—10月份检出率较高。药敏结果显示沙门菌对氨苄西林和氨苄西林/舒巴坦的耐药率最高，分别为74.55%（41/55）和61.82%（34/55），对复方新诺明的耐药率为38.18%（21/55），尚未发现亚胺培南耐药沙门菌株。结论　厦门市沙门菌感染血清型多而复杂，以鼠伤寒沙门菌和肠炎沙门菌为主，未成年人感染占主要部分，具有明显的季节性和地区性特点，夏秋季为高发季节。本地区沙门菌对氨苄西林和氨苄西林/舒巴坦具有较高的耐药率。

关键词: 沙门菌, 血清型, 季节, 耐药性