Abstract: Objective　To investigate the prevalence and risk factors of amblyopia among primary and secondary school students in urban Chayu County, Nyingchi City, Tibet Autonomous Region. Methods　A cross-sectional study was conducted. In May 2018, eye and vision screening were carried out for primary and secondary school students in urban Chayu County, including visual acuity and refraction, anterior segment examination, fundus examination, eye position examination, etc. Cycloplegia was performed for those whose visual acuity was less than 6 /12. A questionnaire survey was carried out for students diagnosed with amblyopia and the causes were analyzed. Paired t test was used for the measurement data. Logistic regression analysis was used to analyze the relationship between age and gender and prevalence of amblyopia. Results　A total of 1 795 students from primary and secondary schools participated in the survey, including 888 males and 907 females. Among them, 77 cases were diagnosed with amblyopia, with a prevalence rate of 4.3%. There were no statistically significant differences in the prevalence rate among different age and genders (both P>0.05). The main causes of amblyopia among the primary and secondary school students were anisometropia in 15 cases (19.5%), ametropia in 60 cases (77.9%), and strabismus in 2 cases (2.6%). Conclusions　Ametropic amblyopia and anisometropic amblyopia are the main causes of amblyopia among primary and secondary school students in urban Chayu county. Wearing clinically prescribed glasses in time helps to reduce the prevalence of amblyopia.

Key words: Tibet, Primary and secondary school students, Amblyopia, Prevalence, Risk factors

摘要： 目的　调查我国西藏自治区林芝市察隅县城区中小学生的弱视患病率及其相关因素。方法　横断面研究。2018年5月对察隅县城区的中小学生开展视力普查及基本的眼科检查包括视力及屈光、眼前段检查、眼底检查、眼位检查等，对视力低于6/12的进行睫状肌麻痹验光，对确诊为弱视的学生进行问卷调查并分析发病原因。计量资料行配对t检验；用logistic回归分析分析年龄和性别与弱视患病率的关系。结果　察隅县城区小学和初中共1 795名学生参与调查，其中男888人，女907人。其中弱视患病人数为77人，患病率为4.3%。患病率在不同年龄和性别间差异均无统计学意义（均P>0.05）。在受检中小学生中引起弱视的主要发病原因如下：屈光参差19.5%（15/77），屈光不正77.9%（60/77），斜视2.6%（2/77）。结论　屈光不正性弱视和屈光参差性弱视是察隅县城区中小学生弱视的主要类型，及时配戴合适的眼镜有助于降低弱视的患病率。

关键词: 西藏地区, 中小学生, 弱视, 患病率, 影响因素