Abstract: Objective　To investigate the myopia prevention and control knowledge and behaviors of adolescent parents, and to guide the prevention and treatment of myopia in adolescents. Methods　A cross-sectional survey method was used to select the adolescent parents who brought their children for vision diagnosis and treatment in Eye Clinic, Jinan Second People's Hospital from August 2021 to January 2022. And the parents' general information was investigated by the General Information Scale. The Adolescent Parents' Myopia Prevention Cognition Questionnaire and Parents' Myopia Prevention Behavior Questionnaire designed by the senior physicians in Eye Clinic, Jinan Second People's Hospital were used to investigate the knowledge and prevention behaviors of the adolescent parents on myopia prevention and control. The data were analyzed by SPSS 22.0, and compared between the groups by χ² test. Results　A total of 664 adolescent parents were surveyed, including 292 males (45.06%) and 356 females (54.94%), and 648 valid questionnaires were obtained; 69 (10.65%) were <30 years old, 439 (67.75%) 30-40 years old, and 140 (21.60%) >40 years old; 66 ones' education level was junior high school or below (10.19%), 351 ones' high school or technical secondary school (54.17%), and 231 ones' junior college or above (35.65%). According to the presence or absence of myopia in the children, the parents were divided into a myopic adolescent parent group and a normal vision adolescent parent group. The aware rates of "the reading light intensity at night should be ≥200 Lux", "the writing distance, the distance from the chest to the table, and the distance from the book to the eyes should be kept at 3.3 cm, 6.0-7.0 cm, and 33.0 cm, respectively", "even if desk lamp lighting is used, the incident light should be from the opposite side of the dominant hand", "vision training can delay the increase of myopia diopter", "wearing overcorrected myopia glasses can aggravate the progression of myopia", "refractive surgery is an effective way to correct the vision of people ≥18 years old with stable diopter, but reasonable expectations should be maintained", and "every day outdoor activities or physical exercise for 1 to 2 hours helps prevent myopia" in the myopic adolescent parent group were lower than those in the normal vision adolescent parent group [69.21% (281/406) vs. 76.86% (186/242), 55.17% (224/406) vs. 71.07% (172/242), 74.88% (304/406) vs. 85.95% (208/242), 77.09% (313/406) vs. 84.30% (204/242), 79.80% (324/406) vs. 89.26% (216/242), 74.14% (301/406) vs. 81.82% (198/242), and 88.18% (358/406) vs. 93.80% (227/242)], with statistical differences (χ²=4.405, 16.133, 11.212, 4.879, 9.756, 4.614, and 5.465; all P<0.05). There were statistical differences in the prevention behaviors, such as "the parents regularly urge or bring their children to the ophthalmology institutions to check their vision", "the parents often urge their children to maintain good sleep", "the parents often urge their children to go outdoors", "the parents often supervise their children to maintain good eye habits", "while they live together, the parents control the teenagers' screen time", "the parents frequently discuss or share topics related to the hazards and prevention of myopia with teenagers", "compared with good eyesight, the parents insist on excellent academic performance and put it into action", etc. between these two groups (all P<0.05). Conclusions　The parents of adolescents who received the questionnaire survey in Jinan Second People's Hospital were not optimistic about the awareness rate of knowledge related to myopia prevention. Parents of normal vision adolescents are better than parents of myopia adolescents in knowledge awareness rate and myopia prevention behaviors.

Key words: Parents of teenagers, Myopia prevention knowledge, Prevention behaviors, Investigation and research

摘要： 目的　调查青少年父母的近视防治相关知识及防治行为，指导青少年近视防治。方法　采用横断面调查研究方法，将2021年8月至2022年1月济南市第二人民医院眼科门诊携带子女进行视力诊治的青少年父母作为调查对象，采用一般资料调查量表调查青少年父母的一般资料；采用济南市第二人民医院眼科门诊高年资医师（副主任医师及以上职称）设计的《青少年父母近视预防认知调查表》《父母对青少年近视预防行为调查表》，分别调查青少年父母对近视防治相关知识及防治行为。数据处理采用SPSS 22.0统计学软件，组间比较采用χ²检验。结果　共向664名青少年父母开展调查，有效问卷648份；其中男292人（45.06%），女356人（54.94%）；年龄<30岁69人（10.65%），年龄30～40岁439人（67.75%），年龄>40岁140人（21.60%）；初中及以下66人（10.19%），高中及中专351人（54.17%），大专及以上231人（35.65%）。根据父母所生育子女中是否存在近视，将青少年父母分为近视青少年父母组与视力正常青少年父母组。近视青少年父母组在“夜间阅读光线强度应≥200 Lux”“写字距离、胸部离桌距离、书本离眼距离应分别保持3.3 cm、6.0～7.0 cm、33.0 cm”“即使采用台灯照明应从优势手的对侧射入光线”“视觉训练可延缓近视屈光度的增加”“佩戴过度矫正的近视眼镜可加重近视进展”“屈光手术是屈光度稳定，年龄≥18岁视力矫正的有效方式，但应保持合理预期”“每天户外活动或体育锻炼1～2 h有助于预防近视”条目的知晓率低于视力正常青少年父母组［分别为69.21%（281/406）比76.86%（186/242）、55.17%（224/406）比71.07%（172/242）、74.88%（304/406）比85.95%（208/242）、77.09%（313/406）比84.30%（204/242）、79.80%（324/406）比89.26%（216/242）、74.14%（301/406）比81.82%（198/242）、88.18%（358/406）比93.80%（227/242）］，差异均有统计学意义（χ²=4.405、16.133、11.212、4.879、9.756、4.614、5.465，均P<0.05）。近视青少年父母在“定期督促或携带子女至眼科机构检查视力”“经常督促子女保持良好的睡眠”“经常督促子女户外活动”“经常监督子女保持良好的用眼习惯”“共同生活期间控制青少年屏幕观看时间”“经常向青少年探讨或分享近视危害、预防的相关话题”“与良好的视力比较，更坚持优异的学习成绩，并付诸行动”等条目表达的预防行为与视力正常青少年父母比较，差异均有统计学意义（均P<0.05）。结论　在济南市第二人民医院接受问卷调查的青少年父母对近视防治相关知识的知晓率并不乐观，视力正常青少年的父母在近视防治相关知识知晓率与近视防治行为优于近视青少年父母。

关键词: 青少年父母, 近视防治知识, 防治行为, 调查研究