Abstract: Objective　To understand and master the incidence of myopia among primary school students in urban areas of Guilin city and analyze its related influencing factors, so as to provide data support for relevant departments to formulate the prevention and control strategies of myopia among primary school students in the region. Methods　In May 2021, 3 578 students were selected from 3 primary schools in urban areas of Guilin city by the cluster sampling method, including 1 837 males and 1 741 females, aged (9.91±1.66) years,and a questionnaire survey, ophthalmic visual examination, and optometric examination were conducted. The collected data were statistically analyzed by SPSS 22.0 software. The count data were tested by χ² test. Results　The prevalence of myopia among urban primary school students in Guilin was 38.23% (1 368/3 578), which increased with the increase of grade (χ²=54.120, P=0.003). The more time spent watching TV after school, the higher the incidence of myopia was (χ²=15.340, P=0.002). The results of multi-factor non-conditional logistic regression analysis showed that study time >8 h per day, no rest after reading for 40 min, distance from electronic products <30 cm, time of outdoor exercise <2 h per day were the high risk factors for myopia (all P<0.05). Conclusion　According to the factors affecting the occurrence of myopia in primary school students, targeted intervention measures are researched and formulated, and parents and schools should urge children's eye habit to develop healthy eye habit and minimize the occurrence of myopia.

Key words: Primary school students,  , Myopia,  , Influencing factors,  , Epidemiological investigation

摘要： 目的　了解和掌握桂林市城区小学生人群近视发病情况并分析其相关影响因素，为相关部门制定区域内小学生近视防控提供数据支撑。方法　2021年5月在桂林市城区3所小学用整群抽样法对3 578名在校学生进行问卷调查、眼科视力、验光检查，其中男1 837名、女1 741名，年龄（9.91±1.66）岁，对收集到的资料采用SPSS 22.0软件进行统计分析。计数资料采用χ²检验。结果　桂林市城区小学生近视患病率为38.23%（1 368/3 578），近视患病率随年级数增加而逐渐增加，差异有统计学意义（χ²=54.120，P=0.003）；课余看电视时间越长近视发生概率越大，差异有统计学意义（χ²=15.340，P=0.002）；多因素logistic回归分析结果显示，每天学习时间>8 h、看书40 min后不休息、看电子产品距离<30 cm、每天户外运动<2 h是小学生近视发生的高危因素（均P<0.05）。结论　依据小学生近视发生的影响因素，研究制定有针对性的干预措施，家长及学校要督促孩子用眼习惯，养成孩子的健康用眼习惯，尽量减少近视的发生。

关键词: 小学生,  , 近视,  , 影响因素,  , 流行病学调查