Abstract:

Objective　To explore the application effects of cast porcelain inlay crowns in the restoration of short abutments and their impact on patients' chewing function, gingival status, and inflammatory markers in gingival crevicular fluid. Methods　A prospective study was conducted selecting 94 patients with short abutment posterior teeth restorations treated at the Department of Stomatology, Xi'an Third Hospital, from May 2021 to January 2023. Patients were randomly divided into a control group and an observation group, with 47 patients in each group using the envelope method. The control group included 25 males and 22 females, the age was (34.39±5.41) years old. The observation group included 29 males and 18 females, the age was (34.43±5.46) years old. The control group received all-ceramic crowns after root canal treatment, while the observation group received cast ceramic inlay crowns. The effectiveness of the restorations was evaluated 3 months after completion, followed by a 12 month outpatient follow-up. Chewing function, gingival status, aesthetics, and complication rates were compared between the two groups. Statistical analysis was conducted using χ² tests and t tests. Results　Three months after restoration, the chewing efficiency and occlusal force in the observation group were higher than those in the control group [(95.89±9.35) % vs. (78.51±6.78) %, (125.32±7.51) lbs vs. (112.59±6.29) lbs]. The plaque index and gingival index scores were lower in the observation group [(0.82±0.17) points vs. (1.41±0.25) points, (1.41±0.28) points vs. (1.85±0.34) points], with all differences being statistically significant (t=10.317, 8.909, 13.379, and 6.849, all P<0.001). After 12 months, the anatomical morphology of the interproximal surfaces, fracture and retention of the prosthesis, marginal fit, and surface and margin discoloration scores in the observation group were (0.85±0.12, 0.92±0.15, 0.88±0.14, 0.99±0.18) points, compared to (2.59±0.34, 2.63±0.42, 2.43±0.31, 2.49±0.36) points in the control group, with all differences being statistically significant (t=33.085, 26.286, 31.240, and 25.550, all P<0.001). During the 12 month outpatient follow-up, the total complication rates in the observation and control groups were 4.26% (2/47) and 10.64% (5/47), respectively, with no statistically significant difference (χ²=1.389, P=0.239). Conclusion　The application of cast porcelain inlay crown in the repair of posterior teeth of short abutment teeth has a good effect. It can improve the chewing function of patients, improve the gingival condition, help to improve the long-term beauty of patients, and has high safety. It is worthy of popularization and application.

Key words:  , Short abutment posterior tooth restoration,  , All porcelain crown restoration,  , Cast porcelain inlay crown,  , Gingival status,  , Pleasing to the eye

摘要：

目的　探讨铸瓷嵌体冠在短基牙后牙修复中的应用效果及对患者咀嚼功能、牙龈状况和龈沟液炎症指标的影响。方法　前瞻性选取2021年5月至2023年1月西安市第三医院口腔科收治的短基牙后牙修复患者94例为研究对象，使用信封法随机分为对照组和观察组，各47例。对照组男25例，女22例，年龄（34.39±5.41）岁。观察组男29例，女18例，年龄（34.43±5.46）岁。对照组根管治疗术后采用全瓷冠修复，观察组根管治疗术后采用铸瓷嵌体冠修复。两组修复3个月后评估效果，修复完成后对患者进行12个月门诊随访。比较两组咀嚼功能、牙龈状况、美观及并发症发生率。采用χ2检验、t检验进行统计分析。结果　修复3个月后，观察组的咀嚼效率、咬合力均高于对照组［（95.89±9.35）%比（78.51±6.78）%、（125.32±7.51）lbs比（112.59±6.29）lbs］，菌斑指数、牙龈指数评分均低于对照组［（0.82±0.17）分比（1.41±0.25）分、（1.41±0.28）分比（1.85±0.34）分］，差异均有统计学意义（t=10.317、8.909、13.379、6.849，均P<0.001）。修复12个月后，观察组的修复体邻面解剖形态、修复体折裂与固位、修复体边缘合适性、修复体表面及边缘着色评分分别为（0.85±0.12、0.92±0.15、0.88±0.14、0.99±0.18）分，对照组上述评分分别为（2.59±0.34、2.63±0.42、2.43±0.31、2.49±0.36）分，差异均有统计学意义（t=33.085、26.286、31.240、25.550，均P<0.001）。12个月门诊随访期间，观察组、对照组的并发症总发生率分别为4.26%（2/47）、10.64%（5/47），差异无统计学意义（χ2=1.389，P=0.239）。结论　铸瓷嵌体冠应用于短基牙后牙修复中效果良好，能提高患者的咀嚼功能，改善牙龈状况，有助于提升患者远期美观，且安全性较高，值得推广应用。

关键词: 根管治疗术,  ,  , 全瓷冠,  ,  , 短基牙,  ,  , 铸瓷嵌体冠,  ,  , 牙龈状况,  ,  , 美观