Abstract:

The study of hypertension in rat models is currently active. Rats have a similar genome, cardiovascular system structure, and physiological characteristics to humans, making them a preferred animal model for studying hypertension. In order to gain a deep understanding of the pathogenesis of this disease and to explore new treatment methods, various experimental models of hypertension have been constructed. These models can be mainly divided into spontaneous and secondary hypertension models. The former includes spontaneously hypertensive rats (SHR), N-nitro-L-arginine methyl ester (L-NAME) model, Dahl salt-sensitive model, Milan hypertensive strain (MHS) model, and Sabra hypertension-prone (SBH) model, and the latter includes renal hypertension model, endocrine hypertension model, arterial hypertension model, and other secondary hypertension model (such as hypertension model induced by sleep apnea syndrome, hypertension model induced by diabetes, etc). This article provides a comprehensive overview of the different model production methods, advantages, and disadvantages, aiming to provide a more convenient and accurate solution for the clinical treatment of hypertension.

Key words:

Hypertension, Rat models,  , Model construction, 　Progress

摘要：

目前，高血压大鼠模型的研究十分普遍。大鼠的基因组、心血管系统结构及生理特性与人类相似，使其成为研究高血压的首选动物模型。为了深入了解该疾病的发病机制并探索新的治疗方法，构建了多种高血压实验模型，主要分为自发性高血压模型和继发性高血压模型。前者包括自发性高血压大鼠（spontaneously hypertensive rats，SHR）、L-NAME（N-nitro-L-arginine methyl ester）模型、Dahl盐敏感模型、米兰高血压品系（Milan hypertensive strain，MHS）模型、Sabra高血压易感（Sabra hypertension-prone，SBH）模型，后者包括肾性高血压模型、内分泌性高血压模型、动脉性高血压模型及其他继发性高血压模型（如睡眠呼吸暂停综合征诱导的高血压模型、糖尿病诱导的高血压模型等）。本文综述了不同模型的构建方法、优缺点，旨在为临床高血压治疗提供更方便、准确的解决方案。

关键词:

 , 高血压, 大鼠模型, 模型构建, 进展