Abstract:

Objective　To investigate the competency requirements for general practitioners, improve training programs, and enhance job competency. Methods　This study selected 100 officially employed general practitioners from various levels of hospitals across more than ten provinces (including Sichuan, Shanghai, Jiangsu, and Guangzhou) from September 2023 to August 2024, and distributed questionnaires to them. A questionnaire survey was conducted, including basic information about the participants and their competency needs. The survey assessed the competencies that general practitioners should possess in five areas: patient-centered care, professional qualities, teamwork, problem-solving, and continuous learning. A total of 100 anonymous questionnaires were distributed, with 93 valid responses collected, resulting in a response rate of 93.00%. Among the 93 general practitioners, there were 44 males and 49 females, with age distribution as follows: 14 cases of 20～≤30 years, 43 cases 30～≤40 years, 28 cases 40～≤50 years, and 8 cases >51 years. Results General practitioners indicated that patient-centered care [76.34% (71/93)], professional qualities [76.34% (71/93)], teamwork [72.04% (67/93)], problem-solving abilities [69.89% (65/93)], and continuous learning capabilities [66.67% (62/93)], were both important. There were deficiencies in patient-centered literacy, which enabled patients and their families to participate in the treatment process [74.19% (69/93)], professional general practitioners with residents ' health management ability [80.65% (75/93)], and teamwork ability to develop diagnosis and treatment programs in a teamwork manner [78.49% (73/93)]; and there was a serious lack of problem-solving abilities among general practitioners [83.87% (78/93)], particularly in emergency handling of sudden medical and health incidents [80.65% (75/93)] and in the systematic analysis of complex events and decision-making abilities [81.72% (76/93)]. Conclusions　Strengthening patient-centered practice capabilities is a current requirement for the competency of general practitioners in China. It is recommended that future training for general practitioners focus on patient needs, encouraging the participation of patients and their families in the treatment process. Regarding professional qualities, training should be enhanced for general practitioners in resident health management. In terms of professional abilities, training should be strengthened in teamwork for developing treatment plans, emergency response capabilities for sudden medical and health incidents, and systematic analysis of complex events and decision-making skills.

Key words: General practitioners,  , Various levels of hospitals,  , Job competency,  , Requirements,  , Training,  , Teamwork

摘要：

目的　调查全科医师岗位胜任力的需求，完善全科医师培训方案，提升岗位胜任力。方法　本研究选取2023年9月至2024年8月各级医院（四川、上海、江苏、广州等十余省份）正式入职的100例全科医生为研究对象。本研究采用问卷调查方式进行调研，问卷内容包含研究对象基本信息、岗位胜任需求情况，分别从以患者为中心、职业素养、团队协助、解决问题、不断学习能力5个方面调查全科医师需要具备的能力。发放匿名问卷100份，回收有效问卷93份，回收率93.00%。93名全科医生中男44名，女49名，20～≤30岁14名、30～≤40岁43名、40～≤50岁28名、>51岁8名。结果　全科医师认为以患者为中心［76.34%（71/93）］、职业素养［76.34%（71/93）］、团队协作能力［72.04%（67/93）］、解决问题的能力［69.89%（65/93）］、不断学习的能力［66.67%（62/93）］很重要。以患者为中心素养的能让患者和家属共同参与治疗过程［74.19%（69/93）］、职业素养的全科医师具备居民健康管理能力［80.65%（75/93）］、团队协作能力的以团队合作的方式制定诊疗方案［78.49%（73/93）］方面均存在欠缺；全科医师解决问题的能力存在欠缺［83.87%（78/93）］，主要表现在面对突发医疗卫生事件有应急处置能力［80.65%（75/93）］、具备系统分析复杂事件和决策的能力［81.72%（76/93）］方面存在欠缺。结论　加强以患者需求为中心的执业能力是我国当前全科医师岗位胜任力的需求，未来建议应加大全科医师以患者需求为中心的培训，让患者和家属共同参与治疗过程；在职业素养方面，应加强全科医师在居民健康管理方面的培训；在业务能力方面，应加强团队协作诊疗能力、面对突发医疗卫生事件有应急处置能力及系统分析复杂事件和决策能力方面的培训。

关键词: 全科医师, 各级医院, 岗位胜任力, 需求, 培训, 团队合作