关键词:

早产儿, 经外周静脉置入中心静脉导管, 置管途径, 应用效果

Abstract:

Objective　To explore and analyze the application effects of peripherally inserted central catheters (PICC) through different catheterization approaches (upper and lower limb catheterization) in premature infants. Methods　One hundred and twenty premature infants who took PICC catheterization at Guangdong Maternal and Child Health Hospital from June 2023 to August 2024 were selected for the prospective study. According to the catheterization approaches (upper and lower limb catheterization), they were divided into a study group and a control group, with 60 cases in each group. The study group had 60 males and 21 females; their gestational age was (28.0±2.3) weeks; the catheterization weight was (1.46±0.20) kg. The control group had 60 males and 22 females; their gestational age was (29.0±2.2) weeks; the catheterization weight was (1.35±0.10) kg. The study group took catheterization through lower limb veins, and the control group through upper limb veins. The operation times, bleeding volumes, catheter retention times, incidence rates of complications, success rates of catheterization at one time, one successful puncture rate, and ectopic incidence rates were compared between the two groups by t and χ² tests. Results　The catheterization operation time, puncture point bleeding volume, and catheter retention time in the study group were better than those in the control group [(24.62±2.11) min vs. (32.53±2.29) min, (1.01±0.20) ml vs. (1.98±0.55) ml, and (16.50±4.10) d vs. (14.60±4.20) d], with statistical differences (all P<0.05). The success rate of catheterization and successful puncture rate at one time in the study group were higher than those in the control group [98.33% (59/60) vs. 88.33% (53/60) and 98.33% (59/60) vs. 75.00% (45/60)], with statistical differences (both P<0.05). The incidence rates of complications and the ectopic rate in the study group were lower than those in the control group [5.00% (3/60) vs. 16.67% (10/60) and 3.33% (2/60) vs. 13.33% (8/60)], with statistical differences (both P<0.05). Conclusion　PICC catheterization lower through limb veins has fewer complications, better safety, and a higher success rate, so it the first choice for PICC catheterization.

Key words:

Premature infants, Peripherally inserted central catheter, Different catheterization approaches, Application effect