家庭社会支持系统管理对小耳畸形患儿心理发育的影响

doi:10.3760/cma.j.issn.1007-1245.2024.14.029

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

目的　探究家庭社会支持系统管理对小耳畸形患儿心理发育的影响。方法　选取2021年7月至2022年12月在湖南省人民医院行手术治疗的80例小耳畸形患儿作为研究对象，采用随机数字表法将患儿分为对照组（40例）和观察组（40例）。对照组男24例，女16例；年龄（9.8±2.1）岁；畸形类型：结构畸形9例，耳轮畸形6例，隐耳5例，杯状耳7例，招风耳6例，混合型畸形7例；采用常规随访资助管理。观察组男26例，女14例；年龄（9.6±2.3）岁；畸形类型：结构畸形8例，耳轮畸形7例，隐耳6例，杯状耳6例，招风耳5例，混合型畸形8例；采用家庭社会支持系统管理。两组均干预4周。比较两组患儿干预前后孤独症行为（孤独症行为量表）、自信心（儿童自信心评定量表）及家长满意度（自制满意度评分表）。采用独立样本t检验、配对样本t检验和χ²检验。结果　干预后，观察组孤独症行为量表中感觉［（12.4±3.3）分］、躯体运动［（18.4±4.1）分］、生活自理［（13.4±3.5）分］、社会交往［（15.3±4.6）分］、语言［（15.5±4.4）分］评分均低于对照组［（15.7±3.4）分、（21.4±4.4）分、（16.3±3.9）分、（18.4±4.9）分、（18.1±4.8）分］，差异均有统计学意义（均P<0.05）；观察组儿童自信心评定量表评分［（97.2±12.1）分］高于对照组［（86.6±14.5）分］，差异有统计学意义（P<0.05）；观察组家长总满意度［97.50%（39/40）］高于对照组［85.00%（34/40）］，差异有统计学意义（P<0.05）。结论　家庭社会支持系统管理在小耳畸形患儿心理发育方面具有良好的应用效果，可有效改善患儿的行为异常问题，促进心理发育，提高自信心和患儿家长满意度。

关键词: 小耳畸形, 手术, 患儿, 家庭社会支持系统管理, 心理发育, 儿童异常行为

Abstract:

Objective　To investigate the effect of family social support system management on the psychological development in children with microtia. Methods　A total of 80 children with microtia who underwent surgical treatment in Hunan Provincial People's Hospital from July 2021 to December 2022 were selected as the subjects of this study, and they were divided into a control group (40 cases) and an observation group (40 cases) with the random number table method. The control group included 24 boys and 16 girls, aged (9.8±2.1) years, the types of deformity included structural deformity in 9 cases, ear ring deformity in 6 cases, cryptotia in 5 cases, cup ear in 7 cases, protruding ear in 6 cases, and mixed type deformity in 7 cases. The observation group included 26 boys and 14 girls, aged (9.6±2.3) years, the types of deformity included structural deformity in 8 cases, ear ring deformity in 7 cases, cryptotia in 6 cases, cup ear in 6 cases, protruding ear in 5 cases, and mixed type deformity in 8 cases. The control group was given routine follow-up financial support management, and the observation group was given management of family social support system for 4 weeks. The autism behavior (Autism Behavior Scale), self-confidence (Children's Self-confidence Rating Scale), and parental satisfaction (self-developed satisfaction scale) were compared between the two groups before and after intervention. Independent sample t test, paired t test, and χ² test were used. Results　After intervention, the scores of sensation [(12.4±3.3) points], physical movement [(18.4±4.1) points], self-care [(13.4±3.5) points], social interaction [(15.3±4.6) points], and language [(15.5±4.4) points] in the observation group were lower than those in the control group [(15.7±3.4) points, (21.4±4.4) points, (16.3±3.9) points, (18.4±4.9) points, and (18.1±4.8) points], with statistically significant differences (all P<0.05). After intervention, the Self-confidence Rating Scale score of the observation group [(97.2±12.1) points] was higher than that of the control group [(86.6±14.5) points], with a statistically significant difference (P<0.05). The total parental satisfaction in the observation group [97.50% (39/40)] was higher than that in the control group [85.00% (34/40)], with a statistically significant difference (P<0.05). Conclusion　The management of family social support system has a good application effect on the psychological development in children with microtia, which can effectively improve their behavioral abnormalities, promote the psychological development, improve the self-confidence and the parental satisfaction.

Key words:

Microtia, Surgery, Children, Family social support system management, Psychological development, Abnormal behaviors of children

张英罗明灿李高峰谭军刘小加.

家庭社会支持系统管理对小耳畸形患儿心理发育的影响 [J]. 国际医药卫生导报, 2024, 30(14): 2427-2431.

Zhang Ying, Luo Mingcan, Li Gaofeng, Tan Jun, Liu Xiaojia.

Effect of family social support system management on the psychological development in children with microtia [J]. International Medicine and Health Guidance News, 2024, 30(14): 2427-2431.

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