Abstract:

Objective　To observe the effect of air-entrained warm humidity oxygen therapy for infants with pertussis syndrome. Methods　This study is a single center and controlled experiment. Fifty infants with pertussis syndrome admitted to Department of Pediatrics, Shunde Hospital of Southern Medical University were selected as the study objects and were divided into a control group and an observation group, with 25 cases in each group. The cases in the control group were selected from January 2020 to March 2021, including 17 males and 8 females who were (3.84±2.96) months old, and took existing and traditional treatment and nursing measures. The cases in the observation group were selected from April 2021 to June 2022, including 14 males and 11 females who were (3.69±2.98) months old; on the basis of the treatment and nursing in the control group, the observation group took air-entrained warm humidity oxygen therapy. The oxygen saturations (SPO₂), respiratory rates, sputum viscosities 48 and 72 h after the intervention, scab formation, and spasmodic cough relief times were compared between the two groups. The incidence of adverse reactions in the observation group was calculated. χ² test, t test, analysis of variance of multivariate repeated measurement, and non-parameter rank sum test were used for the statistical comparisons. Results　The SPO₂ increased with the intervention time, and the respiratory rate decreased as the intervention time prolonged in both groups (all P<0.05). As the intervention time prolonged, the SPO₂ in the observation group was higher than that in the control group (P<0.05), and there was no statistical difference in the respiratory rate between the two groups (P>0.05). Forty-eight and 72 h after the intervention, the numbers of cases of sputum viscosity (Ⅰ degree) in the observation group was higher than those in the control group (7 cases vs. 1 case and 17 cases vs. 3 cases), and the numbers of cases of sputum viscosity (Ⅲdegree) in the observation group were lower than those in the control group (4 case vs. 18 cases and 1 case vs. 15 cases), indicating that the sputum dilution effect in the observation group was better. The relief time of spasmodic cough in the observation group was significantly better than that in the control group [(4.32±1.18) d vs. (7.24±2.02) d; P<0.05]. No adverse reactions, such as respiratory arrest, phlegm blockage, and pressure-associated skin injury, occurred in the observation group. Conclusion　Air-entrained warm humidity oxygen therapy can effectively improve the airway environment of infants with pertussis syndrome and promote their recovery, and is safe.

Key words:

Air-entrainment, Warm humidification oxygen therapy, Pertussis syndrome, Infants

摘要：

目的　观察空氧混合温湿化氧疗在小婴儿类百日咳中的应用效果。方法　本研究为单中心、对照实验。选取南方医科大学顺德医院（佛山市顺德区第一人民医院）儿科收治的类百日咳小婴儿为研究对象，分为两组，各25例。对照组：2020年1月至2021年3月病例，男17例，女8例，月龄（3.84±2.96）个月，采用既有的、传统的治疗和护理措施；观察组：2021年4月至2022年6月病例，男14例，女11例，月龄（3.69±2.98）个月，在对照组治疗和护理基础上，持续予以空氧混合温湿化氧疗。观察并比较两组干预后48 h、72 h的血氧饱和度、呼吸频率、痰液黏稠度情况，比较痰痂形成情况，比较痉咳缓解时间，统计观察组的不良反应发生情况。采用χ²检验、t检验、多变量重复测量方差分析、非参数秩和检验进行统计比较。结果　两组干预前后不同时间点的血氧饱和度均随干预时间进展呈上升趋势，呼吸频率呈下降趋势（均P<0.05）；随干预时间进展，观察组血氧饱和度上升幅度较对照组显著（P<0.05），但呼吸频率下降幅度比较差异无统计学意义（P>0.05）。干预后48 h、72 h的Ⅰ度痰液黏稠度观察组例数（7例、17例）多于对照组（1例、3例），Ⅲ度痰液黏稠度观察组例数（4例、1例）少于对照组（18例、15例），提示观察组痰液稀释效果优于对照组。观察组痉咳缓解时间为（4.32±1.18）d，明显优于对照组的（7.24±2.02）d（P<0.05）。观察组无发生呼吸暂停、痰堵、压力性皮肤损伤等不良反应。结论　空氧混合温湿化氧疗能有效改善小婴儿类百日咳气道环境，促进疾病康复，该氧疗在小婴儿中应用安全性较好。

关键词:

空氧混合, 温湿化氧疗, 类百日咳, 小婴儿