Abstract: Objective　To study the value of noninvasive high frequency oscillatory ventilation in the treatment of term infants with mild acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS). Methods　A total of 60 term infants with mild ARDS treated in Gaoming District People's Hospital of Foshan from February to December 2021 were divided into a double level group and a high frequency group by the random number table, with 30 cases in each group. In the double level group, the ratio of male to female was 18:12, and the gestational age was (36.41±2.94) weeks; in the high frequency group, the ratio of male to female was 19:11, and the gestational age was (36.58±3.05) weeks. The infants in the double level group were treated with noninvasive double level positive pressure ventilation and the infants in the high frequency group were treated with noninvasive high frequency oscillatory ventilation. The blood gas analysis indexes, oxygenation indexes at different time points, clinical indexes, complications, and clinical treatment effects of the two groups were compared. The measurement data were tested by independent sample t test, and the count data were tested by χ² test. Results　In terms of blood gas analysis indexes, the arterial carbon dioxide partial pressure (PaCO₂) in the high-frequency group was lower than that in the double-level group, with a statistically significant difference between the two groups (P<0.05). After 24 h and 48 h, the oxygenation indexes of the two groups continued to decrease, and the oxygenation index in the high frequency group was significantly lower than that in the double level group (all P<0.05), with better oxygenation improvement. There were no statistically significant differences in the total oxygen inhalation time, total noninvasive respiratory support time, and total hospital stay between the two groups (all P>0.05). The rate of endotracheal intubation in the high frequency group [6.67% (2/30)] was lower than that in the double level group [26.67% (8/30)], with a statistically significant difference (P<0.05). The incidence of complications was 3.33% (1/30) in the high frequency group and 13.33% (4/30) in the double level group, without statistically significant difference between the two groups (P>0.05). The effective rate of the high frequency group [93.33% (28/30)] was higher than that of the double level group [73.33% (22/30)], with a statistically significant difference between the two groups (P<0.05). Conclusion　The effect of noninvasive high-frequency oscillatory ventilation in the treatment of term infants with mild ARDS is ideal, and it can improve their oxygenation and blood gas indexes, with high safety and high feasibility.

Key words: Noninvasive high frequency oscillatory ventilation, Term infants, Mild acute respiratory distress syndrome, Application value

摘要： 目的　研究对足月儿轻度急性呼吸窘迫综合征（acute respiratory distress syndrome，ARDS）应用无创高频振荡通气治疗的价值。方法　选取佛山市高明区人民医院2021年2月至12月收治的60例轻度ARDS足月儿，通过随机数字表法分组，分成双水平组、高频组各30例。双水平组男∶女为18∶12，胎龄（36.41±2.94）周；高频组男∶女为19∶11，胎龄（36.58±3.05）周。对双水平组患儿行无创双水平正压通气，对高频组行无创高频振荡通气。比较两组患儿的血气分析指标、不同时间氧合指数、临床指标、并发症发生状况及临床治疗效果。计量资料行独立样本t检验，计数资料行χ²检验。结果　在血气分析指标方面高频组的动脉血二氧化碳分压（PaCO₂）低于双水平组，组间差异有统计学意义（P<0.05）。上机24 h、48 h后，两组患儿的氧合指数持续降低，高频组明显比双水平组低（均P<0.05），氧合改善情况更良好。两组的总吸氧时间、总无创呼吸支持时间、总住院时间差异均无统计学意义（均P>0.05）。高频组的气管插管发生率［6.67%（2/30）］低于双水平组［26.67%（8/30）］，差异有统计学意义（P<0.05）。高频组并发症发生率为3.33%（1/30），双水平组并发症发生率13.33%（4/30），组间差异无统计学意义（P>0.05）。高频组的治疗有效率比双水平组更高［93.33%（28/30）比73.33%（22/30）］，组间差异有统计学意义（P<0.05）。结论　对轻度ARDS足月儿行无创高频振荡通气治疗效果理想，可改善患儿氧合与血气指标，安全性较高，推广可行性较高。

关键词: 无创高频振荡通气, 足月儿, 轻度急性呼吸窘迫综合征, 应用价值