Abstract:

Objective　To analyze the results of kidney puncture biopsies in 35 children and to understand their histopathological types. Methods　Thirty-five children admitted to Kaifeng Children's Hospital for percutaneous renal puncture biopsy from November 2019 to June 2022 were selected as the study objects, including 24 boys and 11 girls who were 1-18 (8.25±3.30) years old. Their pathology was examined by light microscopy, immunofluorescence, and electron microscopy, and their pathological types were analyzed. A questionnaire was conducted to understand the acceptance of renal puncture biopsy by the children and their guardians. Results The puncture success rate was 100.00%; there were 27 cases (77.14%) of primary glomerular disease, mainly IgA nephropathy, and 8 cases (22.86%) of secondary glomerular disease, mainly lupus nephritis. Primary glomerular disease occurred in 19 boys (70.37%) and 8 girls (29.63%); secondary glomerular disease occurred in 5 boys (62.50%) and 3 girls (37.50%); primary glomerular disease occurred in 17 cases (62.96%) during school age, and 6 cases (22.22%) during adolescent period; secondary glomerular disease occurred in 4 cases (50.00%) during adolescent period. In this study, 35 questionnaires were sent out; the children and guardians obtained information about the knowledge related to renal puncture biopsy from the medical staff [85.71% (30/35)]; most of the children were satisfied with the renal puncture biopsy [88.57% (31/35)]; the children had more concern about the renal puncture biopsy during the examination. Conclusions　The success rate of renal biopsy and acceptance were high in the 35 children; in which, primary glomerular diseases were mainly IgA nephropathy, which occurred mostly in school-age children; secondary glomerular diseases were mainly lupus nephritis, which occurred mostly during adolescent period; both primary and secondary glomerular diseases were higher in boys than in girls.

Key words:

Renal puncture biopsy, IgA nephropathy, Children, Clinical, Pathology

摘要：

目的　分析35例儿童肾穿刺活检结果，并了解其组织病理学类型。方法　选取开封市儿童医院2019年11月至2022年6月收治的35例经皮肾穿刺活检术患儿作为研究对象，其中男24例、女11例，年龄1～18（8.25±3.30）岁。通过光镜检查、免疫荧光、电镜检查进行病理学检查，并分析其病理类型。采用问卷调查形式了解患儿及监护人对肾穿刺活检的接受度。结果　本研究穿刺成功率为100%，原发性肾小球疾病占77.14%（27/35），主要以IgA肾病为主；继发性肾小球疾病占22.86%（8/35），主要以狼疮性肾炎为主。原发性肾小球疾病男性占70.37%（19/27），女性占29.63%（8/27）；继发性肾小球疾病男性占62.50%（5/8），女性占37.50%（3/8）；原发性肾小球疾病62.96%（17/27）发生在学龄期，其次为青春期［22.22%（6/27）］，继发性肾小球疾病50.00%（4/8）发生在青春期。本研究发出35份调查问卷，患儿及监护人对肾穿刺活检相关知识信息获取均来自医护人员［85.71%（30/35）］，多数患儿对肾穿刺活检感到满意［88.57%（31/35）］，患儿在检查过程中对肾穿刺活检顾虑较多。结论　35例儿童肾活检成功率较高，接受度高，其中原发性肾小球疾病主要以IgA肾病为主，多发生在学龄期儿童；而继发性肾小球疾病主要以狼疮性肾炎为主，多发生在青春期，且原发性、继发性肾小球疾病男性均高于女性。

关键词:

肾穿刺活检, IgA肾病, 儿童, 临床, 病理