Abstract:

Objective　To explore the development of infants and children who are 0-3 years old taking health examination at home in Binzhou during COVID-19 epidemic. Methods　This article adopted the cross-sectional research method. A total of 2 282 infants and toddlers who took health checkups at Department of before (from April 1 to May 31, 2019) and after from April 1 to May 31, 2020 the COVID-19 epidemic were collected. Their developmental quotients and scores of each energy area of Neurological and Psychological Development Scale for Children Who are 0-6 Years Old were calculated. According to their age, the children before and after the epidemic were divided into an 0-4 months old group who were <5 months old, a 5-8 months old group who were ≥5 and < 9 months old, a 9-12 months old group who were ≥9 and ≤12 months old, a 1-2 years old group who were >12 and ≤24 months old, and a 2-3 years old group who were >24 and ≤36 months old. The influence on each energy area in the groups were evaluated. χ² and t tests were applied. Results　The scores of developmental quotient, gross motor, fine motor, adaptive ability, language, and social behavior in the infants and children who are 0-3 years old after the epidemic were higher than those before the epidemic [(96.7±9.1) vs. (93.6±8.7), (95.5±14.3) vs. (93.7±14.9), (92.0±12.9) vs. (88.6±13.7), (94.6±12.8) vs. (91.2±13.1), (102.5±18.2) vs. (97.6±17.4), and (98.8±16.5) vs. (96.7±14.9)], with statistical differences (all P<0.01). In group comparisons, statistically significant differences were found in the below: developmental quotient, fine motor, language and social behavior in the 0-4 months old group; developmental quotient, gross motor, fine motor, cognition, language, and social behavior in the 5-8 months old group; developmental quotient, gross motor, cognition, and language in the 9-12 months old group; and developmental quotient, fine motor, and cognition in the 1-2 years old group. In the 2-3 years old group, there were no statistical differences (all P>0.05). Conclusion　The developmental level of infants and children who are 0-3 years old increases during home isolation and is more pronounced before the age of 2 years.

Key words:

COVID-19, Infant and child development, Neurological and Psychological Development Scale for Children, Developmental quotient

摘要：

目的　探讨新型冠状病毒肺炎（新冠肺炎）疫情居家健康监测期间滨州市0～3岁婴幼儿的发育情况。方法　采用横截面研究方法，收集新冠肺炎疫情前（2019年4月1日至5月31日）、疫情后（2020年4月1日至5月31日）各2个月，在滨州医学院附属医院儿保科健康体检的婴幼儿，共计2 282人。统计其《0～6岁儿童神经心理发育量表》发育商及各功能区得分。比较全年龄组发育商及各功能区得分；疫情前后分别按月龄不同分成5个小组，分别为0～4月龄组（<5月龄）、5～8月龄组（≥5月龄且<9月龄）、9～12月龄组（≥9月龄且≤12月龄）、1～2岁组（>12月龄且≤24月龄）、2～3岁组（>24月龄且≤36月龄），分别评估不同年龄阶段各功能区的受影响情况。两组比较进行χ²、t检验。结果　疫情后，0～3岁全年龄组婴幼儿在发育商、粗大运动、精细运动、适应能力、语言及社交行为方面的得分分别为（96.7±9.1）、（95.5±14.3）、（92.0±12.9）、（94.6±12.8）、（102.5±18.2）、（98.8±16.5）分，均高于疫情前［（93.6±8.7）、（93.7±14.9）、（88.6±13.7）、（91.2±13.1）、（97.6±17.4）、（96.7±14.9）分］，两组比较，差异均有统计学意义（均P<0.01）。在不同年龄阶段比较中，有以下方面差异有统计学意义：0～4月龄的发育商、精细运动、语言、社交行为，5～8月龄的发育商、粗大运动、精细运动、适应能力、语言及社交行为，9～12月龄的发育商、粗大运动、适应能力、语言，1～2岁的发育商、精细运动、适应能力；而2～3岁各评分差异均无统计学意义（均P>0.01）。结论　居家健康监测期间滨州市0～3岁婴幼儿发育水平有所提高，在2岁前更为明显。

关键词:

新型冠状病毒肺炎,  , 婴幼儿发育,  , 儿童神经心理发育量表, 发育商