关键词:

护士, 工作压力, 结核

Abstract:

Objective　To investigate the experiences of work stress for specialty nurses in tuberculosis with different ages, professional titles, and educational backgrounds, to comprehensively evaluate the influences of their own factors on work stress, and to improve their physical and mental adaptabilities. Methods　A cross-sectional study was conducted on 249 nurses aged 18-50 years (average age 32 years old) in Guangzhou Chest Hospital in July 2020. A questionnaire survey was conducted on 35 items of 5 dimensions of the Nurse Job Stressor Scale. Each item was scored with 1-4 points according to the 4-level scoring method of "never encountered or experienced", "sometimes encountered or experienced", "often encountered or experienced", and "encountered or experienced almost every day". The total score of 35 items was divided into three levels, namely 35-70 points, 71-105 points, and 106-140 points, and the work pressure was divided into mild, moderate, or severe degree. The work pressure of nurses in tuberculosis specialty was analyzed descriptively, and the differences among nurses with different ages, professional titles, and educational backgrounds were compared. Statistical methods used were χ² test and Fisher exact probability method. Results　The rates of severe work stress in the ≥ 36-46 years old [22.41% (13/58)] and ≥46 years old groups [18.18% (12/66)] were higher than those in the ≤25 years old [6.78% (4/59)] and 25-36 years old groups [12.12% (8/66)]. When the two groups were combined for comparative analysis of the three age groups, there was a statistically significant difference among the three groups (χ²=6.191, P=0.045), but there was no statistically significant difference in the three work pressure levels (P>0.05). The rate of severe work pressure in the nurse practitioners [20.75% (22/106)] was higher than those in the nurses, supervisor nurses, and deputy chief nurses [6.49% (5/77), 16.67% (9/54), and 0] (P=0.007) (there was only one chief nurse, so ignored). The rates of moderate work stress in the nurses with junior college and undergraduate as the first educational backgrounds were higher than that in the nurses with technical secondary school as the first educational background [70.80% (80/113), 70.97% (22/31) vs. 55.24% (58/105)] (χ²=6.431, P=0.04). The rate of severe work stress in the nurses with technical secondary school as the first educational background was higher than those in the nurses with junior college and undergraduate as the first educational backgrounds [20.95% (22/105) vs. 9.73% (11/113) and 12.90% (4/31)], but there was no statistically significant difference among the three groups (χ²=5.51, P=0.64). There were no statistically significant differences among other groups (all P>0.05). Conclusions　Nurses over 35 years old, with technical secondary school educational background, and with nurse practitioner title have more work stress. So it is essential that hospital managers pay close attention to them for helping them relieve and release the work stress.

Key words:

Nurses, Work stress, Tuberculosis