一点二源适应性护理在早期糖尿病视网膜病变患者中的应用

doi:10.3760/cma.j.issn.1007-1245.2024.21.009

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

目的　探究一点二源适应性护理对早期糖尿病视网膜病变患者血糖控制及视觉康复的影响。方法　选取2022年1月至2024年1月在神木市医院内分泌科收治的86例早期糖尿病视网膜病变患者进行随机对照试验，采用数表法分为试验组和对照组，各43例。对照组男24例、女19例，年龄（57.63±7.23）岁，糖尿病病程（5.34±1.17）年，给予常规护理；试验组男21例、女22例，年龄（56.92±7.19）岁，糖尿病病程（4.97±1.23）年，在常规护理基础上给予一点二源适应性护理。对比两组患者干预前后血糖控制水平［空腹血糖（FPG）、餐后2 h血糖（2 hPG）、糖化血红蛋白（HbA1c）］、视觉康复效果［最佳矫正视力（BCVA）、平均视野缺损度（MD）、平均光敏感度（MS）］、自我效能［糖尿病患者自我效能量表（DESE）］及生活质量［视功能相关生活质量问卷（NEI-VFQ-25）］。统计学方法采用t检验、χ²检验。结果　干预前，两组患者FPG、2 hPG、HbA1c、BCVA、MD、MS及DESE、NEI-VFQ-25评分比较，差异均无统计学意义（均P>0.05）。干预后，试验组HbA1c、FPG、2 hPG、MD均低于对照组［（5.14±0.62）%比（5.81±0.74）%、（5.64±1.04）mmol/L比（6.39±1.12）mmol/L、（6.32±1.13）mmol/L比（7.49±1.04）mmol/L、（8.37±1.13）比（10.34±1.17）］，BCVA、MS及DESE、NEI-VFQ-25评分均高于对照组［（0.85±0.21）比（0.72±0.24）、（17.89±1.03）比（17.08±0.91）、（91.37±8.28）分比（81.26±8.46）分、（46.34±7.09）分比（41.06±6.48）分］，差异均有统计学意义（t=4.551、3.218、4.996、7.942、2.673、3.865、5.600、3.605，均P<0.05）。结论　一点二源适应性护理在降低早期糖尿病视网膜病变患者血糖指标及增进视觉功能恢复方面表现出显著优势，同时提升患者自我效能及生活质量水平。

关键词:

糖尿病视网膜病变, 一点二源适应性护理, 血糖水平, 视觉康复, 生活质量

Abstract:

Objective　To explore the role of Yidian Eryuan adaptive nursing in blood sugar control and visual rehabilitation in patients with early diabetic retinopathy. Methods　Eighty-six patients with early diabetic retinopathy treated at from January 2022 to January 2024 were selected for the randomized controlled trial, and were divided into an experimental group and a control group by the random number table method, with 43 cases in each group. There were 24 males and 19 females in the control group; they were (57.63±7.23) years old; their diabetic course was (5.34±1.17) years. There were 21 males and 22 females in the experimental group; they were (56.92±7.19) years old; their diabetic course was (4.97±1.23) years. The control group took routine nursing care. The experimental group took routine nursing care and Yidian Eryuan adaptive nursing. Before and after the intervention, the blood glucose levels [fasting plasma glucose (FPG), 2-hour postprandial glucose (2hPG), and glycosylated hemoglobin (HbA1c)], visual rehabilitation outcomes [best-corrected visual acuity (BCVA), mean defect (MD) in visual field, and mean sensitivity (MS)], self-efficacies [Diabetes Self-Efficacy Scale (DSES)], and quality of life [National Eye Institute Visual Function Questionnaire (NEI-VFQ-25)] were compared between the two groups by t and χ² tests. Results　Before the intervention, there were no statistical differences in FPG, 2 hPG, HbA1c, BCVA, MD, MS, and scores of DESE and NEI-VFQ-25 between the two groups (all P>0.05). After the intervention, the HbA1c, FPG, 2 hPG, and MD in the experimental group were lower than those in the control group [(5.14±0.62)% vs. (5.81±0.74)%, (5.64±1.04)mmol/L vs. (6.39±1.12)mmol/L, (6.32±1.13)mmol/L vs. (7.49±1.04)mmol/L, and (8.37±1.13) vs. (10.34±1.17)]; the BCVA, MS, and scores of DESE and NEI-VFQ-25 in the experimental group were higher than those in the control group [(0.85±0.21) vs. (0.72±0.24), (17.89±1.03) vs. (17.08±0.91), (91.37±8.28) vs. (81.26±8.46), and (46.34±7.09) vs. (41.06±6.48)]; there were statistical differences (t=4.551, 3.218, 4.996, 7.942, 2.673, 3.865, 5.600, and 3.605; all P<0.05). Conclusion　Yidian Eryuan adaptive nursing for patients with early diabetic retinopathy can improve their glycemic control, visual function recovery, self-efficacy, and quality of life.

Key words:

Diabetic retinopathy, Yidian Eryuan adaptive nursing, Blood glucose levels, Visual rehabilitation, Quality of life

沈艳王利萍王巧丽.

一点二源适应性护理在早期糖尿病视网膜病变患者中的应用 [J]. 国际医药卫生导报, 2024, 30(21): 3564-3568.

Shen Yan, Wang Liping, Wang Qiaoli.

Yidian Eryuan adaptive nursing for patients with early diabetic retinopathy [J]. International Medicine and Health Guidance News, 2024, 30(21): 3564-3568.

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