关键词:

中小学生, 超重, 肥胖, 视力不良, 上海市宝山区, 调查

Abstract:

Objective　To understand the prevalence trends and correlations of overweight and obesity and poor vision among primary and middle school students in Baoshan District of Shanghai from 2013 to 2019, and to provide evidence for the prevention of overweight, obesity, and poor vision among primary and middle school students. Methods　Based on the physical examination data of primary and middle school students in Baoshan District of Shanghai from 2013 to 2019, 507 993 primary and middle school students with complete data were selected as the research objects, including 269 327 boys (53.0%) and 238 666 girls (47.0%), 330 621 students (65.0%) in primary schools, 131 796 students (25.9%) in junior middle schools, and 45 576 students (8.9%) in senior middle schools. The prevalence and correlation of overweight and obesity and poor vision among primary and middle school students were analyzed. Trend Chi-square test was used for trend analysis, and Kruskal-Wallis H test was used for comparison between groups. Results　From 2013 to 2019, the prevalence rates of overweight and obesity and poor vision among primary and middle school students showed an increasing trend (both P<0.001). The rate of overweight and obesity of the primary school students [35.47% (117 272/330 621)] was higher than that of the junior middle school students [31.88% (42 010/131 796)] and senior middle school students [27.39% (12 485/45 576)] (P<0.001). The rate of overweight and obesity of the boys [40.37% (108 725/269 327)] was higher than that of the girls [26.41% (63 042/238 666)] (P<0.001). The rate of poor vision in the senior middle school students [89.13% (40 623/45 576)] was higher than that in the primary school students [51.08% (168 877/330 621)] and junior middle school students [79.72% (105 065/131 796)] (P<0.001). The rate of poor vision in the girls [64.02% (155 191/238 666)] was higher than that in the boys [59.17% (159 374/269 327)] (P<0.001). The rate of moderate poor vision was higher among overweight/obese primary school students [20.19% (11 173/55 343) and 20.73% (12 833/61 919)], and the rate of severe poor vision was higher among overweight/obese junior and senior middle school students [junior middle school students: 51.70% (11 790/22 804) and 49.31% (9 471/19 206); senior middle school students: 69.86% (5 422/7 761) and 68.88% (3 254/4 724)]. Conclusions　The prevalence of overweight and obesity and poor vision among primary and middle school students in Baoshan District of Shanghai from 2013 to 2019 showed an increasing trend, and there was a correlation between overweight and obesity and poor vision. Comprehensive prevention and control measures should be taken.

Key words:

Primary and middle school students, Overweight, Obesity, Poor vision, Baoshan District of Shanghai, Investigation