关键词:

哮喘, 控制水平, 家庭功能, 家庭环境, 相关性, 儿童

Abstract:

Objective　To analyze the correlations between the control level of asthmatic children and family function and environment. Methods　A total of 100 children with asthma and their guardians who were admitted to Northwest Women's and Children's Hospital from March 2021 to March 2023 were retrospectively selected as the study objects, and the Childhood Asthma Control Test (C-ACT) was used to assess the asthma control levels among the children and their guardians. According to the C-ACT score, the children were divided into 3 groups: a fully controlled group (≥23 points) with 24 cases, including 13 boys and 11 girls, aged (8.95±2.14) years; a partially controlled group (20-22 points) with 26 cases, including 15 boys and 11 girls, aged (9.02±2.21) years; a uncontrolled group (≤19 points) with 50 cases, including 28 boys and 22 girls, aged (9.11±2.16) years. The general data of the three groups were compared. The Family Environment Scale - Chinese version (FES-CV) and the Family Assessment Device (FAD) were used to evaluate the family function and environment of the children, and the correlations between asthma control level and family function and environment were analyzed. Statistical methods used were ANOVA, χ² test, and Pearson correlation analysis. Results　The scores of each dimension of the FES-CV of the fully controlled group were better than those of the partially controlled group and the uncontrolled group [control: (3.21±1.30) points vs. (3.93±1.62) points and (4.79±1.36) points; organization: (6.33±1.20) points vs. (5.50±1.76) points and (4.85±1.46) points; religious views: (6.16±1.01) points vs. (5.11±1.21) points and (4.42±1.32) points; entertainment: (6.54±1.88) points vs. (5.29±2.10) points and (2.95±1.54) points; culture: (6.59±1.10) points vs. (5.13±1.74) points and (3.65±1.58) points; independence: (5.71±0.96) points vs. (5.11±1.10) points and (4.75±1.12) points; contradiction: (1.40±1.24) points vs. (2.73±1.62) points and (4.47±1.56) points; emotional expression: (6.99±1.10) points vs. (6.11±1.13) points and (4.72±1.34) points; intimacy: (8.29±0.82) points vs. (7.63±0.91) points and (5.94±1.66) points], with statistically significant differences (all P<0.05). The scores of each dimension of the FAD in the fully controlled group were lower than those in the partially controlled group and the uncontrolled group [problem solving ability: (1.91±1.67) points vs. (2.23±0.46) points and (2.82±0.76) points; communication: (1.89±0.26) points vs. (2.18±0.28) points and (2.56±0.40) points; role division: (2.00±0.36) points vs. (2.32±0.29) points and (2.64±0.40) points; emotional response: (1.98±0.32) points vs. (2.42±0.63) points and (3.05±0.87) points; emotional intervention: (2.17±0.35) points vs. (2.50±0.38) points and (3.01±0.48) points; behavioral control: (1.96±0.27) points vs. (2.18±0.30) points and (2.68±0.54) points; total function: (1.79±0.18) points vs. (2.08±0.27) points and (2.42±0.36) points], with statistically significant differences (all P<0.05). The control level of asthmatic children was negatively correlated with control and contradiction of the FES-CV, but not correlated with achievement, and was positively correlated with other dimensions (all P<0.05). It was negatively correlated with all FAD dimensions (all P<0.05). Conclusions　There are significant correlations between asthma control level in children and family function and environment. Strengthening family education and intervention, optimizing family environment and function during the nursing process are of great significance in improving the control of asthma in children.

Key words:

Asthma, Control level, Family function, Family environment, Correlation, Children