关键词:

非结核分枝杆菌肺病, 支气管扩张, 知信行理论, 护理干预, 呼吸康复排痰依从性, 生活质量

Abstract:

Objective　To explore the effects of nursing intervention based on the knowledge-attitude-practice (KAP) theory on the expectoration compliance of respiratory rehabilitation and quality of life in patients with nontuberculous mycobacterium (NTM) lung disease complicated with bronchiectasis. Methods　A randomized controlled trial was conducted on 98 patients with NTM lung disease combined with bronchiectasis, chest tightness, and shortness of breath admitted to the non-tuberculous Mycobacteriosis Diagnosis and Treatment Center of Guangzhou Chest Hospital from March 2022 to June 2023. The patients were divided into an observation group (49 cases) and a control group (49 cases) by the random number table method. In the control group, there were 17 males and 32 females, aged (61.08±13.23) years, with a median age of 62.0 years old. In the observation group, there were 19 males and 30 females, aged (59.65±11.29) years, with a median age of 62.0 years old. Both groups were instructed to undergo respiratory rehabilitation expectoration training. The control group was given routine nursing, and the observation group was given nursing intervention based on the KAP theory based on routine nursing. Both groups were treated for 1 week. The KAP level of respiratory rehabilitation expectoration (self-designed questionnaire on the KAP status quo of respiratory rehabilitation expectoration in NTM patients with bronchiectasis), expectoration compliance of respiratory rehabilitation (respiratory rehabilitation expectoration compliance scale), and quality of life [Leicester Cough Questionnaire in Mandarin-Chinese (LCQ-MC)] were compared between the two groups before intervention, 1 week and 1 month after discharge. Independent sample t test, paired t test, and χ² test were used. Results　The KAP level of respiratory rehabilitation expectoration in the observation group was higher than that in the control group 1 week and 1 month after discharge (both P<0.05). The expectoration compliance of respiratory rehabilitation 1 week and 1 month after discharge in the observation group [(3.12±0.53) points and (2.76±0.52) points] were higher than those in the control group [(2.90±0.51) points and (2.27±0.45) points] (both P<0.05). The scores of physiological dimension [(5.00±0.97) points and (5.00±1.03) points], psychological dimension [(5.35±1.01) points and (5.22±1.08) points], and social dimension [(5.31±1.02) points and (5.20±0.98) points] and total score of the LCQ-MC [(15.66±2.42)points and (15.42±2.31)points] in the observation group 1 week and 1 month after discharge were higher than those in the control group [(4.52±1.18) points, (4.27±1.13) points, (4.70±1.11) points, (4.65±1.08) points, (4.58±1.15) points, (4.56±1.20) points, (13.80±2.68) points, and (13.49±2.64) points] (all P<0.05). Conclusion　Nursing intervention based on the KAP theory can effectively improve the expectoration compliance of respiratory rehabilitation in patients with NTM lung disease complicated with bronchiectasis, and improve the patients' comfort and quality of life.

Key words:

Non-tuberculous mycobacterium lung disease, Bronchiectasis, Knowledge-attitude-practice theory, Nursing intervention,  , Expectoration compliance of respiratory rehabilitation, Quality of life