微信平台路径健康宣教在妊娠期糖尿病患者中的应用

doi:10.3760/cma.j.issn.1007-1245.2024.11.034

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

目的　分析妊娠期糖尿病患者基于微信平台路径健康宣教的效果。方法　开展前瞻性随机对照试验。选取2020年3月至2022年3月期间西北妇女儿童医院收治的100例妊娠期糖尿病患者作为研究对象，应用计算机随机分组法分为对照组及观察组，各50例。对照组年龄（32.56±1.36）岁，孕周（25.65±3.68）周，孕前体质量指数（23.56±3.26）kg/m²，行常规健康宣教；观察组年龄（32.49±1.41）岁，孕周（25.48±3.35）周；孕前体质量指数（23.56±3.26）kg/m²，行微信平台路径健康宣教。应用糖尿病患者知识量表（ADKnowl）、妊娠期糖尿病患者自我管理行为量表（SMQGDM）、妊娠期糖尿病生活质量量表（GDMQ），对比两组干预前及干预30 d后的知识水平、自我管理行为、生活质量评分。统计学方法采用t检验。结果　干预前，两组患者知识了解度、自我管理行为、生活质量评分比较，差异均无统计学意义（均P>0.05）。干预30 d后，观察组糖尿病基本知识、糖尿病并发症、血糖检测、药物治疗、运动治疗、饮食治疗、注射技能、总分及合理饮食、规律运动、控制体质量、血糖监测、药物使用、情绪管理、并发症观察、处理、危险因素担忧、感知极限、并发症、药物治疗、支持评分均高于对照组［（76.32±8.54）分比（72.12±8.12）分、（73.45±6.12）分比（70.56±6.35）分、（74.59±6.29）分比（71.57±6.12）分、（74.58±6.57）分比（70.48±6.58）分、（76.58±6.24）分比（73.56±6.35）分、（73.59±6.45）分比（70.59±7.52）分、（73.65±5.96）分比（70.85±5.48）分、（73.58±6.12）分比（70.36±6.45）分、（4.04±0.81）分比（3.52±0.75）分、（3.96±0.75）分比（3.54±0.65）分、（3.65±0.65）分比（3.26±0.57）分、（3.61±0.71）分比（3.26±0.85）分、（3.78±0.31）分比（3.52±0.48）分、（3.96±0.25）分比（3.51±0.89）分、（4.01±0.75）分比（3.57±0.71）分、（3.65±0.75）分比（3.12±0.85）分、（39.56±7.14）分比（35.26±6.59）分、（29.25±4.38）分比（26.59±4.15）分、（17.59±1.96）分比（15.59±3.56）分、（27.48±1.52）分比（25.63±3.45）分、（18.12±2.45）分比（16.38±3.24）分］，差异均有统计学意义（t=2.520、2.317、2.433、3.118、2.399、2.141、2.445、2.561、3.331、2.992、3.190、2.235、3.217、3.442、3.013、3.306、3.137、3.117、3.480、3.470、3.029，均P<0.05）。结论　妊娠期糖尿病患者实施微信平台路径健康宣教，可提升患者对疾病相关知识认知度，知晓自身疾病状态，增强自身管理行为进而提高生活质量。

关键词:

妊娠期糖尿病, 微信平台路径健康宣教, 糖尿病知识, 生活质量

Abstract:

Objective　To analyze the effect of WeChat platform path health education for patients with gestational diabetes. Methods　One hundred patients with gestational diabetes admitted to Northwest Women and Children's Hospital from March 2020 to March 2022 were selected for the randomized controlled trial, and were randomly divided into a control group and an observation group, with 50 cases in each group. The control group were (32.56±1.36) years old; they were (25.65±3.68) weeks pregnant; their body mass index was (23.56±3.26) kg/m². The observation group were (32.49±1.41) years old; they were (25.48±3.35) weeks pregnant; their body mass index was (23.56±3.26) kg/m². The control group took regular health education, and the observation group WeChat platform path health education. The scores of Diabetes Knowledge Scale (ADKnowl), Self-Management Behavior Scale for Patients with Gestational Diabetes (SMQGDM), and Quality of Life Questionnaire for Women with Gestational Diabetes Mellitus (GDMQ) before and 30 d after the intervention were compared between the two groups by t test. Results　Before the intervention, there were no statistical differences in the scores of diabetes knowledge, self-management behaviors, and life quality between the two groups (all P>0.05). Thirty days after the intervention, the scores of basic diabetes knowledge, diabetes complications, blood glucose detection, drug therapy, exercise therapy, diet therapy, and injection skills and total score of ADKnowl, scores of reasonable diet, regular exercise, weight control, blood glucose monitoring, drug use, emotion management, and observation and treatment of complications, and scores of risk factor concern, perceived limit, complications, drug treatment, and support in the observation group were higher than those in the control group [(76.32±8.54) vs. (72.12±8.12), (73.45±6.12) vs. (70.56±6.35), (74.59±6.29) vs. (71.57±6.12), (74.58±6.57) vs. (70.48±6.58), (76.58±6.24) vs. (73.56±6.35), (73.59±6.45) vs. (70.59±7.52), (73.65±5.96) vs. (70.85±5.48), (73.58±6.12) vs. (70.36±6.45), (4.04±0.81) vs. (3.52±0.75), (3.96±0.75) vs. (3.54±0.65), (3.65±0.65) vs. (3.26±0.57), (3.61±0.71) vs. (3.26±0.85), (3.78±0.31) vs. (3.52±0.48), (3.96±0.25) vs. (3.51±0.89), (4.01±0.75) vs. (3.57±0.71), (3.65±0.75) vs. (3.12±0.85), (39.56±7.14) vs. (35.26±6.59), (29.25±4.38) vs. (26.59±4.15), (17.59±1.96) vs. (15.59±3.56), (27.48±1.52) vs. (25.63±3.45), (18.12±2.45) vs. (16.38±3.24)], with statistical differences (t=2.520, 2.317, 2.433, 3.118, 2.399, 2.141, 2.445, 2.561, 3.331, 2.992, 3.190, 2.235, 3.217, 3.442, 3.013, 3.306, 3.137, 3.117, 3.480, 3.470, and 3.029; all P<0.05). Conclusion　The implementation of WeChat platform path health education can improve patients' awareness of disease-related knowledge, understanding of their own disease status, their own management behaviors, and their quality of life.

Key words:

WeChat platform path health education, Gestational diabetes, Diabetes knowledge, Quality of life

高若瑄屈梦君赵红.

微信平台路径健康宣教在妊娠期糖尿病患者中的应用 [J]. 国际医药卫生导报, 2024, 30(11): 1928-1932.

Gao Ruoxuan, Qu Mengjun, Zhao Hong.

Application of WeChat platform path health education in patients with gestational diabetes [J]. International Medicine and Health Guidance News, 2024, 30(11): 1928-1932.

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