关键词: 吸痰, 冲洗装置, 细菌污染, 吸痰时间, 护理

Abstract: Objective　To investigate the effects of different pipe flushing devices on the number of bacterial colonies, the operation time of sputum aspiration, and the replacement time of sputum aspiration items in patients taking tracheotomy after sputum aspiration. Methods　A total of 32 patients taking tracheotomy at Intensive Care Unit (ICU), People's Hospital of Bao'an District from November 2018 to May 2020 who met the inclusion criteria were selected, including 18 males and 14 females who were 40 to 77 years old. With the help of Micro Scan Walkaway 40 bacterial biochemical drug sensitivity identification instrument and related reagents, the effects of different pipe flushing methods on the number of bacterial colonies, the operation time of sputum aspiration, and the replacement time of sputum aspiration items in the patients were monitored and recorded. t and Wilcoxon rank sum test was used to analyzed the data. Results　Four, eight, and twenty-four hours after using a traditional suction device to suck sputum, the numbers of bacterial colonies in the flushing fluid were 0(0,0)cfu/ml, 0(0,0)cfu/ml, and 4.50(0,258.00)cfu/ml, respectively; 4, 8, and 24 hours after the self-made one-piece sputum suction device sucked sputum, the numbers of bacterial colonies in the washing fluid were 0(0,0)cfu/ml, 0(0,0)cfu/ml, and 0(0,1.75)cfu/ml; there were statistical differences in the numbers of bacterial colonies between the two groups (Z=-2.048, -2.549, -3.371,P=0.041, 0.011, 0.001). The time of suction operation and the replacement time of sputum aspiration items of the self-made one-piece sputum suction device were less than the traditional method [(78.59±6.11) s vs. (114.19±5.88) s and (11.27±0.86) min vs. (17.22±1.06) min], with statistical differences (t=-23.747 and -7.514; both P<0.01). Conclusion　The self-made one-piece sputum suction and flushing device can effectively reduce the number of bacterial colonies in the flushing fluid, shorten the sputum suction operation time and the time replacing sputum suction items. The method is safe, economical, and labor-saving and can optimize the process, so it can be applied in clinical practice.

Key words: Sputum suction, Flushing device, Bacterial contamination, Sputum aspiration time, Nursing