基于扎根理论的干预措施应用于老年糖尿病患者中的效果观察

doi:10.3760/cma.j.issn.1007-1245.2022.05.012

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 目的　探究基于扎根理论的干预措施应用于老年糖尿病患者中的效果。方法　选取2020年4月至2021年3月无锡市第二人民医院收治的120例老年糖尿病患者，随机数字表法分为两组，各60例。对照组男34例、女26例，年龄（68.79±4.36）岁；观察组男35例、女25例，年龄（69.17±4.29）岁。对照组给予常规干预，观察组给予基于扎根理论的干预措施。比较两组血糖控制水平、认知功能、心理状态与生活质量。计量资料组间比较采用独立样本t检验，组内比较采用配对t检验。结果　观察组干预后糖化血红蛋白、餐后2 h血糖与空腹血糖水平分别为（7.02±0.55）%、（8.95±1.46）mmol/L、（6.42±0.37）mmol/L，均低于对照组的（8.20±0.76）%、（11.12±1.67）mmol/L、（7.84±0.68）mmol/L，两组比较差异均有统计学意义（均P<0.001）。观察组干预后简易精神状态评定量表的定向力、记忆力、注意力与计算、语言功能、总分均高于对照组（均P<0.001）；观察组干预后的焦虑自评量表评分、抑郁自评量表评分均低于对照组［（52.03±2.99）分、（54.26±3.13）分比（56.72±3.21）分、（57.85±3.10）分］，差异均有统计学意义（均P<0.001）；观察组干预后生存质量特异性量表各项评分及总分均高于对照组（均P<0.001）。结论　基于扎根理论的干预措施应用于老年糖尿病患者中可有效控制其血糖水平，增强患者的认知功能，改善其心理状态，同时对于提高患者生活质量具有重要作用。

关键词: 扎根理论, 干预, 老年, 糖尿病, 血糖水平, 心理状态, 认知功能, 生活质量

Abstract: Objective　To explore the effects of intervention measures based on grounded theory for elderly diabetic patients. Methods　A total of 120 elderly diabetic patients admitted into Wuxi Second People's Hospital from April 2020 to March 2021 were selected and divided into a control group and an observation group by the random number table method, with 60 cases in each group. The control group had 34 males and 26 females, and were (68.79±4.36) years old. The observation group had 35 males and 25 females, and were (69.17±4.29) years old. The control group was given conventional interventions, and the observation group was given interventions based on grounded theory. The blood glucose control levels, cognitive function, psychological states, and quality of life were compared between these two groups. The measurement data were compared between the two groups by independent-sample t test and between before and after the intervention in the same group by paired t test. Results　After the intervention, the levels of glycosylated hemoglobin, 2-hour postprandial blood glucose, and fasting blood-glucose were (7.02±0.55)%, (8.95±1.46) mmol/L, and (6.42±0.37) mmol/L in the observation group, and were (8.20±0.76)%, (11.12±1.67) mmol/L, and (7.84±0.68) mmol/L in the control group, with statistical differences between the two groups (all P<0.001). The scores of direction, memory, attention and calculation, and linguistics and the total score of Mini-Mental State Examination in the observation group were lower than those in the control group after the intervention (all P<0.001). The scores of Self-Rating Anxiety Scale and Self-Rating Depression Scale after the intervention in the observation group were lower than those in the control group [(52.03±2.99) vs. (56.72±3.21) and (54.26±3.13) vs. (57.85±3.10)], with statistical differences (both P<0.001). The scores of quality of life in the observation group after the intervention were higher than those in the control group (all P<0.001). Conclusion　The intervention measures based on grounded theory for elderly diabetic patients can effectively control their blood glucose levels, enhance their cognitive function, and improve their psychological state and quality of life.

Key words: Grounded theory, Interventions, Old age, Diabetes, Blood glucose level, Mental state, Cognitive function, Quality of life

蒋佳, 周静怡, 纪小静, 胡小静. 基于扎根理论的干预措施应用于老年糖尿病患者中的效果观察[J]. 国际医药卫生导报, 2022, 28(5): 641-645.

Jiang Jia, Zhou Jingyi, Ji Xiaojing, Hu Xiaojing. Effect of intervention measures based on grounded theory for elderly diabetic patients [J]. International Medicine and Health Guidance News, 2022, 28(5): 641-645.

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