自体动静脉内瘘穿刺后皮下血肿处理方法的现状调查

doi:10.3760/cma.j.cn441417-20250217-13005

国际医药卫生导报 ›› 2025, Vol. 31 ›› Issue (13): 2132-2135.DOI: 10.3760/cma.j.cn441417-20250217-13005

自体动静脉内瘘穿刺后皮下血肿处理方法的现状调查

文碧艺¹ 宋利² 尹燕² 吴国锋¹ 赵立艳² 崔冬梅²

¹广州市荔湾中心医院肾内科，广州 510170；²南方医科大学附属广东省人民医院（广东省医学科学院）肾内科，广州 510080

收稿日期:2025-02-17 出版日期:2025-07-01 发布日期:2025-08-04
通讯作者: 宋利，Email：songli040429@163.com
基金资助:
广东省医学科学技术研究基金（A2024441）；广东省卫济医学发展基金会科研基金（K-20240105、K-20240110）

Current status of subcutaneous hematoma management following arteriovenous fistula puncture: a cross-sectional survey

Wen Biyi¹, Song Li², Yin Yan², Wu Guofeng¹, Zhao Liyan², Cui Dongmei²

¹Department of Nephrology, Liwan Central Hospital, Guangzhou 510170, China; ²Department of Nephrology, Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital (Guangdong Medical Science Academy), Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510080, China

Received:2025-02-17 Online:2025-07-01 Published:2025-08-04
Contact: Song Li, Email: songli040429@163.com
Supported by:
Guangdong Medical Science and Technology Research Fund (A2024441); Scientific Research Fund of Guangdong Wei Ji Medical Development Foundation (K-20240105, K-20240110)

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

目的　调查自体动静脉内瘘（arteriovenous fistula，AVF）穿刺后皮下血肿处理方法的现状，为AVF穿刺后血肿的护理提供参考。方法　采用便利抽样法在2024年9月对全国9个省份75家透析中心进行问卷调查，了解维持性血液透析（maintenance hemodialysis，MHD）患者AVF穿刺后皮下血肿或瘀斑的处理方法和医护人员优先为患者推荐的方法。结果　本研究共收集问卷81份，有效问卷75份（排除来自同一家医院的问卷6份），有效率92.59%。参与调查的人员70.67%（53/75）来自三级医院，14.67%（11/75）来自二级医院，14.67%（11/75）来自民营医院；66.67%（50/75）来自广东省，33.33%（25/75）来自其他省份。MHD患者AVF穿刺后皮下血肿或瘀斑的处理方法主要有6种：鲜马铃薯片外敷［88.00%（66/75）］、喜疗妥外涂［86.67%（65/75）］、血肿后24 h热敷［66.67%（50/75）］、50%硫酸镁湿敷［54.67%（41/75）］、敷木瓜酒［41.33%（31/75）］、涂马应龙痔疮膏［4.00%（3/75）］。医护人员为AVF穿刺后皮下血肿患者优先推荐的方法主要有5种：喜疗妥外涂［28.00%（21/75）］，50%硫酸镁湿敷［26.67%（20/75）］，鲜马铃薯片外敷［24.00%（18/75）］，血肿后24 h热敷［9.33%（7/75）］，敷木瓜酒［6.67%（5/75）］。结论　MHD患者AVF穿刺后皮下血肿处理选择较多的方法是鲜马铃薯片外敷和喜疗妥外涂，医护人员优先推荐的干预方法是喜疗妥外涂和50%硫酸镁湿敷。

关键词: 自体动静脉内瘘, 皮下血肿, 瘀斑, 护理

Abstract:

Objective　To conduct a cross-sectional survey on the current management methods for subcutaneous hematoma after arteriovenous fistula (AVF) puncture, providing references for nursing care of hematoma following AVF puncture. Methods　A convenience sampling method was used to conduct a questionnaire survey on 75 dialysis centers across 9 provinces in China in September 2024. The survey aimed to understand the management methods for subcutaneous hematoma or ecchymosis after AVF puncture in maintenance hemodialysis (MHD) patients and the preferred methods recommended by medical staff to patients. Results　A total of 81 questionnaires were collected in this study, with 75 valid questionnaires (excluding 6 questionnaires from the same hospital), resulting in an effective rate of 92.59%. In the participants of the survey, 70.67% (53/75) were from tertiary hospitals, 14.67% (11/75) from secondary hospitals, and 14.67% (11/75) from private hospitals; 66.67% (50/75) were from Guangdong province, and 33.33% (25/75) from other provinces. There were mainly six management methods for subcutaneous hematoma or ecchymosis after AVF puncture in MHD patients: external application of fresh potato slices [88.00% (66/75)], external application of Hirudoid [86.67% (65/75)], hot compress 24 h after hematoma [66.67% (50/75)], wet compress with 50% magnesium sulfate [54.67% (41/75)], papaya wine application [41.33% (31/75)], and application of Ma Yinglong hemorrhoid ointment [4.00% (3/75)]. There were mainly five preferred methods recommended by medical staff to patients with subcutaneous hematoma after AVF puncture: external application of Hirudoid [28.00% (21/75)], wet compress with 50% magnesium sulfate [26.67% (20/75)], external application of fresh potato slices [24.00% (18/75)], hot compress 24 h after hematoma [9.33% (7/75)], and papaya wine application [6.67% (5/75)]. Conclusions　The most commonly used methods for managing subcutaneous hematoma after AVF puncture in MHD patients are external application of fresh potato slices and Hirudoid. The preferred interventions recommended by medical staff are external application of Hirudoid and wet compress with 50% magnesium sulfate.

Key words: Arteriovenous fistula, , Subcutaneous hematoma, , Ecchymosis, , Nursing

文碧艺宋利尹燕吴国锋赵立艳崔冬梅.

自体动静脉内瘘穿刺后皮下血肿处理方法的现状调查 [J]. 国际医药卫生导报, 2025, 31(13): 2132-2135.

Wen Biyi, Song Li, Yin Yan, Wu Guofeng, Zhao Liyan, Cui Dongmei.

Current status of subcutaneous hematoma management following arteriovenous fistula puncture: a cross-sectional survey [J]. International Medicine and Health Guidance News, 2025, 31(13): 2132-2135.

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自体动静脉内瘘穿刺后皮下血肿处理方法的现状调查

Current status of subcutaneous hematoma management following arteriovenous fistula puncture: a cross-sectional survey

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