Abstract: Objective　To investigate the clinical value of dust mite drops combined with cetirizine and azelastine in the treatment of children with allergic rhinitis (AR). Methods　One hundred and sixty children with AR treated at Jiaozuo Maternal and Child Health Hospital from June 2020 to March 2022 were selected. According to the treatment schemes, they were divided into a control group, treated by cetirizine, and a study group, treated by cetirizine and sublingual dust mite drops, with 80 cases in each group. Both groups were treated for 2 months. The symptom improvement times, the levels of C-reactive protein (CRP), immunoglobulin A, E, and M (IgA, IgE, and IgM), and interleukin-6 (IL-6) before and after the treatment, and adverse reactions were compared between the two groups.t and χ² tests were applied. Results　The improvement times of nasal congestion , runny nose , nasal itching , and sneezing  in the study group were shorter than those in the control group (t=9.792, 5.810, 5.737, and 4.969;all P<0.05). Before the treatment, there were no statistical differences in IgM , IgA , and IgE  between the two groups (t=0.714, 0.529, and 0.474; all P>0.05). After the treatment, the levels of IgM , IgA , and IgE  in the study group were lower than those in the control group, with statistical differences (t=2.879, 5.464, and 0.584;all P<0.05). Before the treatment, there no statistical differences in CRP [(8.13±0.95)mg/L vs. (8.03±0.89)mg/L] and IL-6 [(36.47±10.97) pg/ml vs. (30.52±6.23)pg/ml] between the study group and the control group, with no statistical differences (t=0.518 and 0.026; both P<0.05). After the treatment, the levels of CRP and IL-6  in the study group were lower than those in the control group, with significant differences (t=13.871 and 4.912; both P<0.05). The total incidence of adverse reactions was 11.25%(9/80) in the control group, and was 10.00%(8/80) in the study group, with no statistical difference （χ²=0.066， P=0.798). Conclusion　Dust mite drops combined with cetirizine hydrochloride and azelastine can effectively shorten the time of symptom improvement in children with AR, and improve the levels of serum inflammatory factors and immune factors.

Key words: Allergic rhinitis, Children, Dust mite drops, Cetirizine, Azelastine, Immune function

摘要： 目的　探讨尘螨滴剂联合西替利嗪、氮卓斯汀治疗小儿变应性鼻炎（AR）的临床价值。方法　选取2020年6月至2022年3月焦作市妇幼保健院160例AR患儿，根据治疗方案差异分为对照组（80例，接受西替利嗪治疗）和研究组（80例，接受西替利嗪联合舌下含服尘螨滴剂治疗），疗程均为2个月。对比两组症状改善时间，治疗前后的C反应蛋白（CRP）、免疫球蛋白A、E、M（IgA、IgE、IgM）、白细胞介素6（IL-6）水平及不良反应。统计学方法采用t检验、χ²检验。结果　治疗后患儿症状改善情况：研究组患儿鼻塞、流涕、鼻痒、喷嚏改善时间均短于对照组（t=9.792、5.810、5.737、4.969，均P<0.05）；两组治疗前后免疫因子对比：治疗前两组IgM、IgA、IgE，差异均无统计学意义（t=0.714、0.529、0.474，均P>0.05），治疗后研究组IgM、IgA、IgE水平均低于对照组，差异均有统计学意义（t=2.879、5.464、0.584，均P<0.05）；治疗前研究组与对照组CRP［（8.13±0.95）mg/L比（8.03±0.89）mg/L］、IL-6［（36.47±10.97）pg/ml比（30.52±6.23）pg/ml］对比，差异均无统计学意义（t=0.518、0.026，均P>0.05），治疗后研究组的CRP、IL-6均低于对照组，差异均有统计学意义（t=13.871、4.912，均P<0.05）；两组总不良反应率对比：对照组总不良反应率为11.25%（9/80），研究组总不良反应率为10.00%（8/80），差异无统计学意义（χ²=0.066，P=0.798）。结论　尘螨滴剂联合盐酸西替利嗪、氮卓斯汀治疗可有效缩短AR患儿症状改善时间，改善患儿血清炎性因子及免疫因子水平。

关键词: 过敏性鼻炎, 儿童, 尘螨滴剂, 西替利嗪, 氮卓斯汀, 免疫功能