Abstract: Objective　To understand the reproductive health status, cognition, and related influencing factors of female college students, and to provide references for reproductive health education and health care guidance in colleges and universities. Methods　From May 9 to 31, 2022, the 18-24 years old female college students were randomly sampled from Guangdong AIB Polytechnic to conduct a questionnaire survey on reproductive health diseases, knowledge of reproductive health care, and medical treatment. The classification description, chi-square test, or Fisher exact test in statistical methods were adopted to analyze the survey results, and the multivariate logistic regression analysis was used to explore the risk factors of reproductive health diseases in the female college students. Results　The survey showed that 48.28% (602/1 247) of the female college students had ever suffered from diseases related to reproductive health, and 37.69% (470/1 247) had ever suffered from two kinds of gynecological diseases. Drinking, having sexual life, and living in different places were the influencing factors of the number of reproductive health diseases in the students. The risks of the number of reproductive health diseases ≥3 of the female college students who drank alcohol, had sexual life, and came from counties and towns were 1.804, 1.814, 1.789, and 1.814 times higher than those of the students who did not drink alcohol, had no sexual life, and came from cities, respectively, with statistical differences (all P<0.05). Fifty-three point eighty-one percent (671/1 247) of the female college students did not know the breast health care knowledge; 36.57% (456/1 247) did not know it was necessary to prevent reproductive organ injury during sexual life; 29.51% (368/1 247) and 28.95% (361/1 247) did not know the measures to prevent sexually transmitted diseases, contraception, and unwanted pregnancy during sexual life; 44.83% (559/1 247) had not received reproductive health education. The female college students from cities received more reproductive health education than those from counties and towns, suggesting a statistical difference in reproductive health knowledge between the female students from different places (P<0.05); 45.71% (570/1 247) of the female college students chose to observe the situation in treatment of disease. There was no statistical difference in the cognition of medical treatment between the female college students in different grades (P>0.05). Conclusions　There are reproductive health problems in female college students. Unhealthy habits and premature sexual behaviors both influence reproductive health. Colleges and universities should conduct comprehensive, systematic, and effective reproductive health education and health care guidance in different ways, as well as correct medical guidance.

Key words: Female college students, Reproductive health, Influencing factors

摘要： 目的　了解女大学生的生殖健康现况、认知和相关影响因素等情况，为高校开展生殖健康教育和保健指导提供参考依据。方法　于2022年5月9日至31日在广东农工商职业技术学院随机抽取18～24岁高校女大学生进行生殖健康疾病情况、生殖健康保健知识知晓情况、患病就医情况等的问卷调查，调查结果采用统计学方法中的分类描述和卡方检验或Fisher精确检验分析，采用多因素logistic回归分析探讨女大学生生殖健康疾病的危险因素。结果　调查显示，48.28%（602/1 247）的女大学生曾患过生殖健康相关疾病，37.69%（470/1 247）的女大学生患过2种妇科疾病；饮酒、有性生活和不同居住地是女大学生生殖健康疾病数目的影响因素，饮酒的、有性生活的、来自县城和乡镇的女大学生生殖健康疾病数目≥3的危险性分别是不饮酒的、无性生活的、来自城市的1.804倍、1.814倍、1.789倍和1.814倍，差异均有统计学意义（均P<0.05）；53.81%（671/1 247）的女大学生不知晓乳房保健知识，36.57%（456/1 247）的女大学生对性生活时要预防生殖器官损伤不知晓，29.51%（368/1 247）和28.95%（361/1 247）的女生对性生活要采取措施预防性传播疾病、性生活时要避孕以防止非意愿妊娠不知晓；44.83%（559/1 247）的女大学生未接受过生殖健康保健知识教育，来自城市的女大学生接受过生殖健康教育高于来自县城和乡镇的学生，显示来自不同居住地女学生接受过生殖健康知识的差异有计学意义（P<0.05）；45.71% （570/1 247）的女大学生对待疾病选择观察看看，不同年级女大学生患病就医认知情况差异无统计学意义（P>0.05）。结论　高校女大学生存在生殖健康问题，不良嗜好与过早性行为对生殖健康存在影响，高校应以多种形式开展全面、系统有效的生殖健康教育、保健指导以及正确就医指导。

关键词: 女大学生, 生殖健康, 影响因素