Abstract:

Objective　To investigate the current status of cognition and behaviors of preventive osteoporosis in postmenopausal women, and to explore the influencing factors. Methods　Two hundred and eighty-six postmenopausal women who underwent physical examination in Zhengzhou Orthopedic Hospital from March 2020 to March 2023 were selected for the cross-sectional study. They were (59.41±10.82) years old. Their menopausal time was (9.44±1.70) years. The cognition and behaviors of preventive osteoporosis in the postmenopausal women were investigated by the osteoporosis knowledge questionnaire and osteoporosis behavior questionnaire, and the influencing factors of cognition and behaviors of preventive osteoporosis in the postmenopausal women were analyzed. t test and multiple linear regression analysis were applied. Results　Among the 286 postmenopausal women, 267 completed the study questionnaires, with a completion rate of 93.36%. The total scores of the osteoporosis knowledge questionnaire and osteoporosis behavior questionnaire for the postmenopausal women were (13.24±2.58) and (16.81±3.02), respectively. The multiple linear regression analysis showed that >60-80 years old, education level of junior high school or below, and residence in township were the risk factors for the postmenopausal women's cognition of osteoporosis prevention (t=-7.177, -10.479 and -7.672; all P<0.001); the education level of junior high school or below, non-retired individuals, and income < 1 600 yuan/month were the risk factors for the postmenopausal women's behaviors of osteoporosis prevention (t=-7.144, -8.568, and -6.773; all P<0.001). Conclusions　Postmenopausal women's cognitive and behavioral levels of osteoporosis prevention need to be improved. Age, educational level, and place of residence can affect the cognitive level of osteoporosis prevention, while education level, work status, and income can affect the behavior level of osteoporosis prevention.

Key words:

Osteoporosis, Postmenopausal women, Questionnaire investigation, Influencing factors

摘要：

目的　调查绝经后女性骨质疏松症的预防认知、行为现状，并探讨其影响因素。方法　采用横断面研究，选取2020年3月至2023年3月在郑州市骨科医院体检的286例绝经后女性作为研究对象，年龄（59.41±10.82）岁，绝经时间（9.44±1.70）年。采用骨质疏松知识问卷、骨质疏松行为问卷对绝经后女性骨质疏松症预防认知、行为进行调查，并分析绝经后女性骨质疏松症预防认知、行为的影响因素。统计学方法采用t检验和多元线性回归分析。结果　286例绝经后女性中，有267例完成本研究调查问卷，问卷完成率为93.36%。绝经后女性骨质疏松知识问卷和行为问卷的总分分别为（13.24±2.58）分、（16.81±3.02）分。多元线性回归分析显示，>60～80岁、文化程度初中及以下、居住地在乡镇是绝经后女性骨质疏松症预防认知的危险因素（t=-7.177、-10.479、-7.672，均P<0.001），文化程度初中及以下、非离退休人员、收入水平<1 600元/月是绝经后女性骨质疏松症预防行为的危险因素（t=-7.144、-8.568、-6.773，均P<0.001）。结论　绝经后女性骨质疏松症预防认知、行为水平有待提高，骨质疏松症预防认知水平受年龄、文化程度、居住地等因素影响，骨质疏松症预防行为水平受文化程度、工作状态、收入水平等因素影响。

关键词:

骨质疏松症, 绝经后女性, 问卷调查, 影响因素