Abstract:

Objective　To explore the current status and influencing factors of dietary compliance of middle-aged and elderly patients with hyperphosphatemia undergoing hemodialysis. Methods　Eighty middle-aged and elderly patients with hyperphosphatemia undergoing hemodialysis at Nansha Hospital, Guangzhou First People's Hospital from January 2019 to February 2021were selected as the study objects, including 45 males and 35 females who were (51.28±2.31) years old. All the patients underwent a questionnaire survey by the low phosphorus diet compliance questionnaire and Social Support Rating Scale (SSRS), and the results were analyzed. t and χ² tests were applied. Results　The dietary compliance score of the 80 patients was (58.55±8.21). Gender and age had little impact on the patients' dietary compliance, and there were no statistical differences (both P>0.05). The education level, SSRS score, and hemodialysis time had significant impact on the patients' dietary compliance, and there were statistical differences (all P<0.05). After the nursing, the patients' blood phosphorus, blood calcium, and calcium phosphorus product indicator were significantly better than those before the nursing, with statistical differences (all P<0.05). Conclusions　The dietary compliance of middle-aged and elderly patients with hyperphosphatemia undergoing hemodialysis is low. The patients' education level, SSRS score, and hemodialysis time are the main factors affecting their dietary compliance. Reasonable interventions can improve their dietary compliance and treatment effectiveness.

Key words:

Hyperphosphatemia, The middle-aged and elderly, Hemodialysis,  , Dietary compliance, Influencing factors

摘要：

目的　探讨中老年高磷血症血液透析患者饮食依从性现况和影响因素。方法　以广州市第一人民医院南沙医院2019年1月至2021年2月收治80例高磷血症中老年血液透析患者为研究对象，男45例，女35例，年龄（51.28±2.31）岁。所有研究对象均采用低磷饮食依从性问卷、社会支持评定量表（Social Support Scale，SSRS）进行问卷调查，分析调查结果。采用t检验和χ²检验。结果　80例高磷血症血液透析患者的饮食依从性评分为（58.55±8.21）分；性别以及年龄对患者饮食依从性的影响不大，差异均无统计学意义（P>0.05）；患者受教育程度、SSRS评分以及血液透析时间对患者饮食依从性的影响较为明显，差异均有统计学意义（均P<0.05）；患者护理后血磷、血钙、钙磷乘积指标明显比护理前优，差异均有统计学意义（均P<0.05）。结论　中老年高磷血症血液透析患者饮食依从性较低。患者受教育程度、SSRS评分以及血液透析时间是影响患者饮食依从性的主要因素。合理的干预可提高患者饮食依从性和治疗效果。

关键词:

高磷血症, 中老年, 血液透析, 饮食依从性, 影响因素