Abstract:

Objective　To explore the value of the automated breast ultrasound system (ABUS) combined with vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) and carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA) in the diagnosis of breast cancer. Methods　From April 2020 to April 2023, 210 patients with breast cancer from Shaanxi Provincial Cancer Hospital were selected as an observation group, including 113 cases on the left side and 97 cases on the right side; they were (52.01±5.16) years old. One hundred healthy individuals undergoing physical examination in the same period were selected as a control group; they (51.23±5.03) years old; both sides were examined. Based on the ABUS imaging, the ultrasound characteristics were observed. The serum levels of VEGF and CEA in both groups were detected using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay and chemiluminescence. t and χ² tests were used. The receiver operating characteristic curve (ROC) was used to analyze the diagnostic value of ABUS combined with serum VEGF and CEA for breast cancer. Results　The occurrence rates of worm-eaten sign, convergence sign, and stellate sign in the observation group were significantly higher than those in the control group [82.86% (174/210) vs. 23.00% (23/100), 76.19% (160/210) vs. 20.00% (20/100), and 77.62% (163/210) vs. 13.00% (13/100)], with statistical differences (χ²=104.778, 87.840, and 115.262; all P<0.001). The serum levels of VEGF and CEA in the observation group were higher than those in the control group [(141.20±17.23) ng/L vs. (112.81±14.14) ng/L and (8.76±2.92) μg/L vs. (3.51±1.17) μg/L], with statistical differences (t=14.335 and 17.312; both P<0.001). The ROC analysis showed that ABUS combined with serum VEGF and CEA had the highest diagnostic value for breast cancer (AUC=0.981), with a sensitivity of 92.4% and a specificity of 97.0%, which were higher than any single test. Conclusions　ABUS combined with serum VEGF and CEA has a high diagnostic value for breast cancer. Compared with single testing methods, its sensitivity and specificity are higher. It can effectively enhance the early detection and accurate diagnosis of breast cancer.

Key words:

Breast cancer, Automated breast ultrasound system, Vascular endothelial growth factor, Carcinoembryonic antigen, Diagnostic value

摘要：

目的　探讨自动乳腺全容积成像诊断系统（ABUS）联合血清血管内皮生长因子（VEGF）、癌胚抗原（CEA）对乳腺癌的诊断价值。方法　选取2020年4月至2023年4月陕西省肿瘤医院收治的210例乳腺癌患者纳入观察组，年龄（52.01±5.16）岁，左侧113例，右侧97例；另选取同期100例健康体检人员纳入对照组，年龄（51.23±5.03）岁，行双侧检查。根据ABUS成像观察超声特征，分别采用酶联免疫吸附试验及化学发光法检测两组研究对象的血清VEGF、CEA水平，统计学方法采用t检验、χ²检验，并采用受试者操作特征曲线（ROC）分析ABUS联合血清VEGF、CEA对乳腺癌的诊断价值。结果　观察组虫蚀征（82.86%，174/210）、汇聚征（76.19%，160/210）、星芒征（77.62%，163/210）发生率均高于对照组（23.00%，23/100）、（20.00%，20/100）、（13.00%，13/100），差异均有统计学意义（t=104.778、87.840、115.262，均P<0.001）。观察组血清VEGF、CEA水平均高于对照组［（141.20±17.23）ng/L比（112.81±14.14）ng/L、（8.76±2.92）μg/L比（3.51±1.17）μg/L］，差异均有统计学意义（t=14.335、17.312，均P<0.001）。ROC分析显示，ABUS联合血清VEGF、CEA对乳腺癌的诊断价值最高（AUC=0.981），预测灵敏度、特异度分别为92.4%、97.0%，均高于任一单项检测。结论　ABUS联合血清VEGF、CEA检测对乳腺癌具有高度的诊断价值，相较于单一检测方法，其灵敏度和特异度都有显著提高，可以有效提升乳腺癌的早期发现和诊断准确率。

关键词:

乳腺癌, 自动乳腺全容积成像诊断系统, 血管内皮生长因子, 癌胚抗原, 诊断价值