Abstract:

Middle ear cholesteatoma is a cystic structure that develops in the middle ear following the desquamation of keratinized squamous epithelium, and it should be noted that it is not a true neoplasm. Its clinical manifestations bear resemblance to those observed in chronic suppurative otitis media, primarily encompassing otorrhea, hearing impairment, vertigo, otalgia, etc. In severe cases, it can exert pressure on the surrounding bones, leading to destructive bone resorption and an array of complications that significantly impact patients' health and prognosis. Currently, the etiology of middle ear cholesteatoma remains elusive. The pathogenesis underlying bone destruction caused by this condition is multifaceted. In recent years, there has been growing attention toward the pivotal roles played by matrix metallo-proteinases, receptor activator of nuclear factor-κB ligand of osteoclasts /osteoprotegerin, inflammatory factors, macrophage, and keratinocyte growth factor in mediating bone destruction associated with middle ear cholesteatoma. This article provides an overview of the expression patterns exhibited by these aforementioned molecules in middle ear cholesteatoma as well as their contributions to bone destruction.

Key words:

Matrix metallo-proteinases, Cholesteatoma, Receptor activator of nuclear factor-κB ligand, Inflammation, Microphages, Keratinocyte growth factor

摘要：

中耳胆脂瘤是角化的鳞状上皮脱落后在中耳内形成的囊性结构，为非真性肿瘤，其临床表现与化脓性中耳炎相似，主要为耳流脓、听力下降、眩晕及耳痛等症状。严重者可以压迫周围骨质，造成破坏性骨吸收，引起一系列并发症，严重影响患者健康及预后。近些年，基质金属蛋白酶、核因子κB受体活化因子配体/骨保护素、炎症因子、巨噬细胞和角质细胞生长因子在中耳胆脂瘤骨质破坏中的作用越来越受到人们的关注。本文对中耳胆脂瘤骨质破坏机制研究进展作一综述。

关键词:

基质金属蛋白酶, 胆脂瘤, 核因子κB受体活化因子配体, 炎症, 巨噬细胞, 角质细胞生长因子, 进展