Abstract:

Objective　To explore the feelings of tuberculosis patients on social support in Guangzhou, and to provide scientific basis and demand guidance for strengthening the introduction of social support policies for tuberculosis and the implementation of measures to improve the level of humanistic care for tuberculosis patients. Methods　From August 2023 to December 2023, 205 patients with pulmonary tuberculosis in Guangzhou Chest Hospital were selected as the study objects. There were 119 males and 86 females, 24 cases <25 years old, 68 cases 25 - <45 years old, 52 cases 45 - ≤60 years old, and 61 cases >60 years old. Self-made questionnaire and Perceptive Social Support Scale (PSSS) were used to investigate the perceptive social support status of tuberculosis patients from 12 items in 3 dimensions of family support, friend support, and other support. Rank sum test and χ² test were used. Results　The percentages of disagreeing, neutral, and agreeing in the three dimensions of family support, friend support, and other support were 1.95%-41.46%-56.59%, 14.39%-64.27%-21.34%, and 16.22%-62.32%-21.46%. There were statistically significant differences between the family support dimension and the friend support dimension, and between the family support dimension and the other support dimension (χ²=248.680, P<0.001; χ²=255.830, P<0.001); there was no statistically significant difference between the friend support dimension and the other support dimension (χ²=1.146, P=0.564). The scores of family support, friend support, and other support dimensions were 20 (18, 21) points, 16 (15, 18) points, and 16 (15, 18) points. There were statistically significant differences between the family support dimension and the friend support dimension, and between the family support dimension and the other support dimension (Z=11.808, P<0.001; Z=11.228, P<0.001); there was no statistically significant difference between the friend support dimension and the other support dimension (Z=0.524, P=0.600). The percentages of low support, intermediate support, and high support states were 3.90%, 87.81%, and 8.29%, respectively. There was no statistically significant difference in perceived social support among populations with different gender, age, marriage, education, living condition, occupation, medical payment methods, and self-care abilities (all P>0.05). Conclusion　The humanistic care for tuberculosis patients in Guangzhou area mainly comes from within the family, and the level of social support outside the family needs to be improved.

Key words:

Tuberculosis/lung, Perceived social support, Guangzhou

摘要：

目的　探讨广州地区肺结核患者对社会支持的感受情况，为结核病社会支持政策的出台和提升结核病患者人文关怀水平措施的实施提供科学依据和需求引导。方法　选取2023年8月至2023年12月在广州市胸科医院就诊的肺结核患者205例作为调查对象。男119例，女86例；<25岁24例，25～<45岁68例，45～≤60岁52例，>60岁61例。采用自制调查问卷和领悟社会支持量表（PSSS）进行问卷调查，根据PSSS中的家庭支持、朋友支持、他人支持3个维度12个条目分析结核病患者领悟社会支持状况。采用秩和检验和χ²检验。结果　205例肺结核患者在家庭支持、朋友支持、他人支持3个维度的条目选项不同意、中立、同意的百分率分别为（1.95%、41.46%、56.59%）、（14.39%、64.27%、21.34%）、（16.22%、62.32%、21.46%）。家庭支持维度与朋友支持维度、家庭支持维度与他人支持维度应答结果比较，差异均有统计学意义（χ²=248.680，P<0.001；χ²=255.830，P<0.001）；朋友支持维度与他人支持维度应答结果比较，差异无统计学意义（χ²=1.146，P=0.564）。家庭支持、朋友支持、他人支持维度得分为20（18，21）分、16（15，18）分、16（15，18）分。家庭支持维度与朋友支持维度、家庭支持维度与他人支持维度得分比较，差异均有统计学意义（Z=11.808，P<0.001；Z=11.228，P<0.001）；朋友支持维度与他人支持维度得分比较，差异无统计学意义（Z=0.524，P=0.600）。在领悟支持度上，低支持、中间支持和高支持状态的百分率分别为3.90%、87.81%和8.29%。不同性别、年龄、婚姻、文化程度、居住情况、职业、医疗付款方式、自理能力人群领悟社会支持度比较，差异均无统计学意义（均P>0.05）。结论　广州地区结核病患者的人文关怀主要来自家庭内部，家庭外的社会支持水平亟待提高。

关键词:

结核/肺, 领悟社会支持, 广州