Abstract:

Objective　To analyze the effect of timely incentive nursing on the psychological status of patients with skin cancer. Methods　The clinical data of 120 patients with skin cancer admitted to Department of Dermatology, Henan People's Hospital from January 2021 to January 2023 were retrospectively analyzed. The 60 patients who took routine care were set as a control group, including 32 men and 28 women who were (41.20±2.01) years old; the 60 patients who took timely incentive nursing were set as an observation group, including 29 men and 31 women who were (41.30±2.33) years old. Through hospital observation and follow-up visit, the patients' psychological statuses were evaluated by Symptom Checklist 90 (SCL-90), Self-rating Anxiety Scale (SAS), and Self-rating Depression Scale (SDS) 1 d before and 30 d after the surgery. The treatment compliance levels were compared between the two groups. The patients' survival quality was evaluated by the European Organization for Research and Treatment of Cancer Quality of Life Questionnaire (EORTC QLQ-C30). t and χ² tests were applied. Results　One day before the surgery, there were no statistical differences in the scores of SCL-90, SAS, SDS, EORTC QLQ-C30, and treatment compliance between the two groups (all P>0.05). Thirty days after the surgery, the scores of SCL-90, SAS, and SDS in the observation group were lower than those in the control group [(94.38±5.17) vs. (96.35±2.06), (29.41±2.35) vs. (30.32±1.36), and (27.18±1.11) vs. (28.20±2.35)], with statistical differences (t=2.742, 2.596, and 3.040; P=0.007, 0.011, and 0.003). The scores of treatment plan compliance, rehabilitation plan compliance, and recheck plan compliance of the Treatment Compliance Scale in the observation group were higher than those in the control group [(3.51±0.72) vs. (3.25±0.64), (3.19±0.36) vs. (3.06±0.25), and (2.63±0.55) vs. (2.32±0.48)], with statistical differences (t=2.091, 2.297, and 3.289; P=0.039, 0.023, and 0.001). The scores of positive and negative items of EORTC QLQ-C30 in the observation group were better than those in the control group [(45.98±6.04) vs. (43.15±5.77) and (29.33±4.06) vs. (31.15±3.12)], with statistical differences (t=2.624 and 2.753; P=0.010 and 0.007). Conclusion　Timely incentive nursing for patients with skin cancer can significantly improve their psychological state, treatment compliance level, and survival quality.

Key words:

Skin cancer, Motivation, Psychological state, Compliance level, Survival quality

摘要：

目的　分析时效性激励护理对皮肤癌患者心理状态的影响。方法　回顾性分析2021年1月至2023年1月河南省人民医院皮肤科收治的120例皮肤癌患者临床资料，接受常规护理的60例患者作为对照组［男32例，女28例，年龄（41.20±2.01）岁］，接受时效性激励护理的60例患者作为观察组［男29例，女31例，年龄（41.30±2.33）岁］。通过留院观察及跟踪回访，于患者术前1 d、术后30 d时，使用症状自评量表（SCL-90）、焦虑自评量表（SAS）、抑郁自评量表（SDS）评价两组患者的心理状态，比较两组患者治疗依从性水平，使用癌症患者生命质量测定量表（EORTC QLQ-C30）评价两组患者的生存质量。采用t检验、χ²检验进行统计比较。结果　术前1 d，两组SCL-90、SAS、SDS及EORTC QLQ-C30量表评分、治疗依从性量表指标评分差异均无统计学意义（均P>0.05）。术后30 d，观察组患者的SCL-90、SAS、SDS评分分别为（94.38±5.17）分、（29.41±2.35）分、（27.18±1.11）分，均低于对照组［（96.35±2.06）分、（30.32±1.36）分、（28.20±2.35）分］，两组比较差异均有统计学意义（t=2.742、2.596、3.040，P=0.007、0.011、0.003）。观察组治疗依从性各量表评分［治疗计划为（3.51±0.72）分、康复计划为（3.19±0.36）分、复查计划为（2.63±0.55）分］均高于对照组［（3.25±0.64）分、（3.06±0.25）分、（2.32±0.48）分］，两组比较差异有统计学意义（t=2.091、2.297、3.289，P=0.039、0.023、0.001）。观察组EORTC QLQ-C30量表正性条目评分为（45.98±6.04）分，高于对照组的（43.15±5.77）分，负性条目评分为（29.33±4.06）分，低于对照组的（31.15±3.12）分，两组比较差异均有统计学意义（t=2.624、2.753，P=0.010、0.007）。结论　时效性激励护理能够改善皮肤癌患者的心理状态及生存质量，提高治疗水平。

关键词:

皮肤癌, 激励, 心理状态, 依从性水平, 生存质量