Abstract:

Objective　To analyze the correlations between fat mass and obesity-associated gene (FTO) expression and airway inflammation and prognosis in patients with severe asthma. Methods　In this study, 124 patients with severe asthma from Zhumadian Central Hospital from January 2021 to October 2022 were selected as research objects. According to the results of FTO detection, 62 patients with FTO relative expression >1.0 were classified as an overexpression group, and 62 patients with FTO relative expression ≤1.0 were classified as a low expression group. In the low expression group, the ratio of male to female was 40/22, and the age was (55.23±5.16) years old. In the overexpression group, the ratio of male to female was 42/20, and the age was (56.15±5.23) years old. The levels of airway inflammatory factors and prognostic scores were compared between the two groups, and the correlations between FTO expression and airway inflammation and prognosis in patients with severe asthma were verified by Spearman correlation analysis. χ² test and independent sample t test were used. Results　The level of tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) in the low expression group was higher than that in the overexpression group [(30.45±8.76) ng/L vs. (23.39±5.47) ng/L], the level of interleukin (IL)-6 was higher than that in the overexpression group [(31.44±8.77) ng/L vs. (25.15±5.35) ng/L], and the level of IL-1β was higher than that in the overexpression group [(28.77±8.42) ng/L vs. (22.36±5.18) ng/L], with statistically significant differences (all P<0.05). After evaluation, the score of Asthma Control Questionnaire (ACQ) in the low expression group was higher than that in the overexpression group [(2.63±0.26) vs. (1.21±0.47)], and the score of Asthma Control Test (ACT) was lower than that in the overexpression group [(19.44±5.37) vs. (22.72±5.46)], with statistically significant differences (both P<0.05). According to Spearman correlation analysis, the expression level of FTO in patients with severe asthma was negatively correlated with airway inflammation indexes such as TNF-α, IL-6, and IL-1β and ACQ score, and positively correlated with ACT score (all P<0.05). Conclusion　The expression level of FTO in patients with severe asthma is closely related to airway inflammation and prognosis.

Key words:

Severe asthma, FTO, Airway inflammation, Prognosis, Mediation mechanism

摘要：

目的　分析脂肪量和肥胖相关蛋白（fat mass and obesity-associated gene，FTO）表达情况与重症哮喘患者气道炎症及预后的相关性。方法　本次研究选择驻马店市中心医院2021年1月至2022年10月期间124例重症哮喘患者作为研究对象，根据FTO检测结果，将FTO相对表达量>1.0的62例患者列为过表达组，将FTO相对表达量≤1.0的62例患者列为低表达组。低表达组男女构成比为40/22，年龄为（55.23±5.16）岁；过表达组男女构成比为42/20，年龄为（56.15±5.23）岁。比较两组患者的气道炎症因子水平、预后评分，通过Spearman相关性分析验证FTO表达与重症哮喘患者气道炎症及预后的相关性。采用χ²检验、独立样本t检验。结果　经检测，低表达组患者的肿瘤坏死因子-α（TNF-α）水平（30.45±8.76）ng/L高于过表达组（23.39±5.47）ng/L，白细胞介素-6（IL-6）水平（31.44±8.77）ng/L高于过表达组（25.15±5.35）ng/L，IL-1β水平（28.77±8.42）ng/L高于过表达组（22.36±5.18）ng/L，差异均有统计学意义（均P<0.05）。经评估，低表达组的哮喘控制问卷（ACQ）评分（2.63±0.26）分高于过表达组（1.21±0.47）分，哮喘控制测试（ACT）评分（19.44±5.37）分低于过表达组（22.72±5.46）分，差异均有统计学意义（均P<0.05）。经Spearman相关性分析，重症哮喘患者的FTO表达水平与TNF-α、IL-6、IL-1β等气道炎症指标以及ACQ评分呈负相关，与ACT评分呈正相关（均P<0.05）。结论　重症哮喘患者的FTO表达水平与气道炎症及预后密切相关。

关键词:

重症哮喘, FTO, 气道炎症, 预后, 介导机制