Abstract: Pulmonary embolism (PE) is a common disease found in clinical practices characterized by high mortality, rapid onset, and rapid progression, making it a major health problem worldwide. The sources of pulmonary emboli are diverse and the pathogenesis is complex. PE with different embolic types has different pathogenesis. In particular, nonthrombotic PE is less common than thrombotic PE and prone to being clinically left undiagnosed and misdiagnosed. On top of that, its pathogenesis also remains unclear. Apart from mechanical obstruction, embolic properties may also play a part, which makes timely and accurate diagnoses much harder for clinicians to pull off. On this basis, this paper briefly reviews the embolic sources and pathogenesis of PE, so as to provide clinical references for the early prevention and etiology analysis of PE.

Key words: Pulmonary embolism, Thrombotic pulmonary embolism, Nonthrombotic pulmonary embolism, Emboli

摘要： 肺栓塞是临床常见的高病死率疾病，其起病急骤、进展迅速，是世界范围内主要的健康问题。肺栓塞栓子来源多样、发病机制复杂，不同栓子类型的肺栓塞其发病机制不尽相同，尤其是非血栓性肺栓塞较血栓性肺栓塞少见，在临床工作中容易漏诊、误诊，其发病机制尚不明确，除机械性阻塞外，可能还与栓子性质有关，这为临床医师及时明确诊断带来困难。本文现就肺栓塞各栓子来源及病理生理进行简要综述，旨在为临床医师对肺栓塞的早期预防及肺栓塞病因分析提供一定参考。

关键词: 肺栓塞, 血栓性肺栓塞, 非血栓性肺栓塞, 栓子