Abstract:

Objective　To investigate the anesthetic effect of dexmedetomidine hydrochloride in interventional treatment for intracranial aneurysms. Methods　This is a retrospective analysis. A total of 60 patients with intracranial aneurysms who received interventional treatment in Zhengzhou Cardiovascular Hospital from January 2020 to August 2021 were selected as the research objects. According to the different anesthesia schemes, the patients were divided into a control group (30 cases, receiving conventional general anesthesia) and a study group (30 cases, receiving general anesthesia with dexmedetomidine). In the control group, 17 males and 13 females were (57.21±6.33) years old; in the study group, 18 males and 12 females were (57.38±6.42) years old. The time of eye opening, extubation time, stay time in recovery room, bispectral index (BIS) when recovery, and anesthetic complications were compared between the two groups, as well as systolic blood pressure (SBP), heart rate (HR), and mean arterial pressure (MAP) before induction of anesthesia (T₀) and 15 min (T₁) and 30 min (T₂) after maintenance. Independent sample t test was used for inter-group comparison of the measurement data, paired t test was used for intra-group comparison of the measurement data, and χ² test was used for the count data. Results　At T₀, there were no statistically significant differences in the HR, SBP, and MAP between the two groups (all P>0.05). At T₁, the MAP of the study group was (99.35±10.62) mmHg (1 mmHg=0.133 kPa), which was higher than that of the control group [(87.45±4.80) mmHg], with a statistically significant difference (P<0.05); there were no statistically significant differences in the HR and SBP (both P>0.05). At T₂, the HR, SBP, and MAP of the study group [(69.52±6.27) beats /min, (146.33±5.67) mmHg, and (98.12±7.69) mmHg] were higher than those of the control group [(66.43±5.29) beats /min, (143.77±3.57) mmHg, and (89.38±4.62) mmHg], with statistically significant differences (all P<0.05). The time of eye opening, stay time in recovery room, and extubation time in the study group were (16.37±2.03) min, (35.20±10.07) min, and (12.28±2.38) min, respectively, which were shorter than those in the control group [(24.28±4.95) min, (54.43±12.86) min, and (24.20±6.71) min], with statistically significant differences (all P<0.05). There was no statistically significant difference in the BIS between the two groups when recovery (P>0.05). There was no statistically significant difference in the incidence of anesthetic complications between the two groups (χ²=0.577, P=0.448). Conclusion　Dexmedetomidine hydrochloride has a good anesthetic effect in interventional surgery for intracranial aneurysms, with stable patients' vital signs during the operation, high quality of postoperative recovery, and a low incidence of complications.

Key words: Intracranial aneurysms, Interventional embolization, Dexmedetomidine hydrochloride, Recovery quality, Vital signs

摘要： 目的　探讨盐酸右美托咪定在颅内动脉瘤介入治疗中的麻醉效果。方法　回顾性分析，选取郑州市心血管病医院2020年1月至2021年8月收治的60例接受介入手术治疗的颅内动脉瘤患者作为研究对象，根据麻醉方案不同将患者分为对照组（30例，接受常规全身麻醉）与研究组（30例，接受右美托咪定全身麻醉）。对照组男17例、女13例，年龄（57.21±6.33）岁；研究组男18例、女12例，年龄（57.38±6.42）岁。对比两组的开眼时间、拔管时间、恢复室停留时间及苏醒时脑电双频指数（BIS），麻醉诱导前（T₀）及维持后15 min（T₁）、30 min（T₂）时的收缩压（SBP）、心率（HR）、平均动脉压（MAP）及麻醉并发症。计量资料组间比较采用独立样本t检验，组内采用配对t检验，计数资料采用χ²检验。结果　T₀时，两组颅内动脉瘤患者HR、SBP、MAP比较，差异均无统计学意义（均P>0.05）；T₁时，研究组MAP为（99.35±10.62）mmHg（1 mmHg=0.133 kPa），高于对照组（87.45±4.80）mmHg，差异有统计学意义（P<0.05），两组颅内动脉瘤患者HR、SBP比较，差异均无统计学意义（均P>0.05）；T₂时，研究组HR、SBP、MAP［（69.52±6.27）次/min、（146.33±5.67）mmHg、（98.12±7.69）mmHg］均高于对照组［（66.43±5.29）次/min、（143.77±3.57）mmHg、（89.38±4.62）mmHg］，差异均有统计学意义（均P<0.05）。研究组开眼时间、恢复室停留时间、拔管时间分别为（16.37±2.03）min、（35.20±10.07）min、（12.28±2.38）min，均短于对照组（24.28±4.95）min、（54.43±12.86）min、（24.20±6.71）min，差异均有统计学意义（均P<0.05）；两组颅内动脉瘤患者苏醒时BIS比较，差异无统计学意义（P>0.05）。两组颅内动脉瘤患者麻醉并发症发生率比较，差异无统计学意义（χ²=0.577，P=0.448）。结论　盐酸右美托咪定在颅内动脉瘤介入手术中的麻醉效果良好确切，患者术中生命体征平稳，术后苏醒质量较高且并发症发生率低。

关键词:  , 颅内动脉瘤, 介入栓塞术, 盐酸右美托咪定, 苏醒质量, 生命体征