Abstract:

Objective　To explore the value of perioperative nursing model guided by knowledge behavior model in patients undergoing colorectal cancer surgery. Methods　A total of 90 patients with colorectal cancer surgery admitted to the Department of General Surgery, Xi'an Jiaotong University Affiliated Honghui Hospital from August 2020 to August 2023 were selected by the simple random sampling method, and were divided into two groups by the random number table method, after excluding the patients who fell off ,with 44 cases in each group. In the control group, there were 24 males and 20 females, aged (60.86±7.60) years. In the observation group, there were 26 males and 18 females, aged (60.23±6.08) years. The control group received conventional perioperative nursing, and the observation group received perioperative nursing model guided by knowledge behavior model on the basis of the control group. Both groups were intervened from the next day of admission to the day before discharge. The psychological state and self-management ability on the next day of admission and the day before discharge, efficiency of postoperative functional recovery, and complication rate were compared between the two groups. Statistical methods used were χ² test and t test. Results　There were no statistically significant differences in the score of psychological stress scale or self-management scale of cancer patients on the next day of admission between the two groups (both P>0.05). The scores of psychological stress scale of cancer patients of both groups on the day before discharge were lower than those on the next day of admission, and the scores of self-management scale of cancer patients were higher than those on the next day of admission (all P<0.05). On the day before discharge, the psychological stress scale score of cancer patients in the observation group was lower than that of the control group [(39.68±6.74) points vs. (46.14±5.70) points], and the self-management scale score of cancer patients was higher than that of the control group [(140.39±10.99) points vs. (125.68±11.86) points], with statistically significant differences (t=4.853 and -6.033, both P<0.001). The exhaust time, feeding time, extubation time, and hospital stay in the observation group were shorter than those in the control group [(1.32±0.49) d vs. (1.89±0.51) d, (2.19±0.40) d vs. (2.60±0.48) d, (2.82±0.89) d vs. (3.33±0.83) d, (5.08±1.08) d vs. (5.88±1.22) d], with statistically significant differences (t=5.397, P<0.001; t=4.378, P<0.001; t=2.777, P=0.007; t=3.243, P=0.002). There was no statistically significant difference in the incidence of complications between the two groups (χ²=1.980, P=0.159). Conclusion　The perioperative nursing guided by knowledge behavior model can alleviate the adverse psychological state in patients undergoing colorectal cancer surgery, improve the self-management ability, and promote the postoperative functional recovery.

Key words:

Colorectal cancer, Perioperative nursing, Knowledge behavior model

摘要：

目的　探讨知识行为模型引导围手术期护理模式在结直肠癌手术患者中的应用价值。方法　采用简单随机抽样法选择2020年8月至2023年8月西安交通大学附属红会医院普外科收治的90例结直肠癌手术患者作为研究对象，按照随机数字表法将其分为两组，排除脱落患者，每组44例。对照组中男24例、女20例，年龄（60.86±7.60）岁，实施常规围手术期护理；观察组中男26例、女18例，年龄（60.23±6.08）岁，在常规围手术期护理基础上实施知识行为模型引导围手术期护理模式。两组患者均从入院次日开始，干预至出院前日。比较两组入院次日、出院前日的心理状态、自我管理能力及术后功能恢复效率、并发症发生率。统计学方法采用χ²检验和t检验。结果　两组入院次日癌症患者心理压力量表和癌症患者自我管理测评量表评分差异均无统计学意义（均P>0.05）。出院前日，两组癌症患者心理压力量表评分均低于入院次日，癌症患者自我管理测评量表评分均高于入院次日（均P<0.05）；且观察组的癌症患者心理压力量表评分低于对照组［（39.68±6.74）分比（46.14±5.70）分］，癌症患者自我管理测评量表评分高于对照组［（140.39±10.99）分比（125.68±11.86）分］，差异均有统计学意义（t=4.853、-6.033，均P<0.001）。观察组的排气时间、进食时间、拔管时间、住院时间均短于对照组［（1.32±0.49）d比（1.89±0.51）d、（2.19±0.40）d比（2.60±0.48）d、（2.82±0.89）d比（3.33±0.83）d、（5.08±1.08）d比（5.88±1.22）d］，差异均有统计学意义（t=5.397、P<0.001，t=4.378、P<0.001，t=2.777、P=0.007，t=3.243、P=0.002）。两组并发症发生率差异无统计学意义（χ²=1.980，P=0.159）。结论　知识行为模型引导围手术期护理模式可缓解结直肠癌手术患者不良心理状态，提高自我管理能力，促进术后功能恢复。

关键词:

结直肠癌, 围手术期护理, 知识行为模型