Abstract:

Chronic kidney disease (CKD) is a complex disease and is often asymptomatic in the early stages, and can lead to renal dysfunction and progression to end-stage renal disease (ESRD) with a variety of complications, such as cardiovascular disease (CVD) and other complications. Current susceptibility factors for CKD include sex hormones, thyroid hormones, and familial genetic factors, etc. Risk factors for the disease onset and progression include glomerulonephritis, hypertension, diabetes mellitus, proteinuria, hyperlipidemia, and accumulation of urinary toxins. Current CKD treatments aims at slowing the progression of CKD and preventing cardiovascular diseases, so new treatments need to be developed to stop disease progression. This article reviews the risk factors of the progression of CKD and strategies for slowing its progression.

Key words:

Chronic kidney disease, End-stage renal disease, Risk factors, Delay strategy, Clinical treatment, Progress

摘要：

慢性肾脏病（CKD）是一种病程复杂的慢性疾病，早期往往无症状，随着时间的推移，可导致肾功能障碍并发展为终末期肾病（ESRD），并伴随心血管疾病（CVD）等多种并发症。CKD的易感因素包括性激素、甲状腺激素及家族遗传因素等，疾病发生和进展的危险因素包括肾小球肾炎、高血压、糖尿病、蛋白尿、高脂血症及尿毒素的累积等。目前，CKD治疗目的为减缓其进展和预防CVD，需要开发新的治疗方法来阻止。本文主要对CKD进展的危险因素及延缓策略进行综述。

关键词:

慢性肾脏病, 终末期肾病, 危险因素, 延缓策略, 临床治疗, 进展