Abstract:

Objective　To discuss the application effect of discharge planning based on mind mapping in elderly patients with brittle hip fracture. Methods　It was a prospective study. A total of 200 elderly patients with brittle hip fracture who were admitted to The Third People's Hospital of Hubei Province from October 2021 to November 2022 were divided into a control group (95 cases) and an observation group (105 cases). In the control group, there were 52 males and 43 females, with an age of (65.25±7.01) years old, including 21 patients with left femoral neck fracture, 28 patients with right femoral neck fracture, 21 patients with left femoral intertrochanteric fracture, and 25 patients with right femoral intertrochanteric fracture, and all received routine nursing. In the observation group, there were 65 males and 40 females, with an age of (65.18±7.19) years old, including 25 patients with left femoral neck fracture, 30 patients with right femoral neck fracture, 23 patients with left femoral intertrochanteric fracture, and 27 patients with right femoral intertrochanteric fracture, and all received discharge planning based on mind mapping. The caregivers' discharge preparation score and patients' Harris hip function score, self-care ability, incidence of complications, and quality of life were compared between the two groups. The count data and measurement data were processed by χ² test, analysis of variance, and t test, respectively. Results　There was no statistically significant difference in the caregivers' discharge preparation score between the two groups on the 2^nd day after admission (P>0.05), but the score of the observation group was higher than that of the control group on the day of discharge [(26.39±3.14) points vs. (15.69±2.01) points], with a statistically significant difference (t=28.366, P<0.001). There was no statistically significant difference in the Harris score or Barthel index score between the two groups on the day of admission (both P>0.05). The scores increased 1 month and 3 months after operation, and the scores in the observation group were higher than those in the control group, with statistically significant differences (all P<0.001). The incidence of complications in the observation group was 4.76% (5/105), which was significantly lower than 13.68% (13/95) in the control group, with a statistically significant difference (χ²=4.848, P=0.028). After intervention, the MOS 36-Item Short-Form Health Survey (SF-36) scores of the two groups were significantly improved, and the observation group had higher scores than the control group, with statistically significant differences (all P<0.05). Conclusion　Discharge planning based on mind mapping for elderly patients with brittle hip fracture can improve the caregivers' discharge preparation, promote the recovery of patients' hip function, improve the patients' self-care ability, and reduce the complications, thereby improving the quality of life.

Key words:

Brittle fracture, Hip, Elderly, Mind mapping, Discharge planning

摘要：

目的　探讨基于思维导图的出院准备服务在老年髋部脆性骨折患者中的应用效果。方法　采用前瞻性研究。选取2021年10月至2022年11月湖北省第三人民医院收治的200例老年髋部脆性骨折患者，将其分为对照组（95例）和观察组（105例）。对照组男52例、女43例，年龄（65.25±7.01）岁，左股骨骨折、右股骨骨折、左股骨粗隆间骨折、右股骨粗隆间骨折分别有21例、28例、21例、25例，给予常规护理；观察组男65例、女40例，年龄（65.18±7.19）岁，左股骨骨折、右股骨骨折、左股骨粗隆间骨折、右股骨粗隆间骨折分别有25例、30例、23例、27例，在常规护理基础上实施基于思维导图的出院准备服务。比较两组患者的照护者出院准备度量表评分以及患者Harris髋关节功能评分、生活自理能力、并发症发生率、生活质量。统计学方法采用t检验、方差分析、χ²检验。结果　入院后2 d，两组患者的出院准备度评分比较差异无统计学意义（P>0.05）；出院当天，观察组的出院准备度评分高于对照组［（26.39±3.14）分比（15.69±2.01）分］，差异有统计学意义（t=28.366，P<0.001）。入院时，两组患者的Harris评分、Barthel评分比较差异均无统计学意义（均P>0.05）；术后1个月、术后3个月上述评分均高于同组入院时，且观察组均高于对照组，差异均有统计学意义（均P<0.001）。观察组并发症总发生率低于对照组［4.76%（5/105）比13.68%（13/95）］，两组比较差异均有统计学意义（χ²=4.848，P=0.028）。干预后，两组健康调查简表（SF-36）各维度评分均高于同组干预前，且观察组均高于对照组，差异均有统计学意义（均P<0.05）。结论　老年髋部脆性骨折患者应用基于思维导图的出院准备服务，可提高患者的出院准备度，促进患者髋关节功能恢复，提高生活自理能力，减少并发症发生，从而改善生活质量。

关键词:

脆性骨折, 髋部, 老年人, 思维导图, 出院准备服务