分娩球会阴按摩联合全程导乐陪伴分娩在产妇分娩中的应用效果

doi:10.3760/cma.j.cn441417-20250214-22027

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 目的　探讨分娩球会阴按摩联合全程导乐陪伴分娩在产妇中的应用效果。方法　选取2021年11月至2023年11月于驻马店市中心医院妇女儿童医院分娩的98例产妇进行前瞻性研究，按照随机数字表法分为两组，每组49例。对照组：年龄23～37（30.56±2.12）岁，采取常规护理。观察组：年龄23～37（30.59±2.14）岁，给予分娩球会阴按摩联合全程导乐陪伴分娩。比较两组分娩镇痛效果、心理状态、舒适程度、产程进展、不良分娩结局发生率和产妇满意度。统计学方法采用t检验、χ²检验。结果　观察组第一产程、第二产程、第三产程的视觉模拟评分法（VAS）评分均低于对照组［（1.49±0.54）分比（3.56±0.67）分、（3.53±1.01）分比（8.68±0.52）分、（2.79±0.64）分比（4.46±1.03）分］，差异均有统计学意义（t=16.839、31.734、9.640，均P<0.05）。观察组分娩2 d后汉密尔顿焦虑量表（HAMA）、爱丁堡产后抑郁量表（EPDS）评分均低于对照组［（9.91±2.04）分比（14.42±2.18）分、（2.14±0.35）分比（4.97±0.62）分］，差异均有统计学意义（t=10.574、27.824，均P<0.05）。观察组分娩2 d后舒适状况量表（GCQ）各项评分均高于对照组，产程时间均短于对照组（均P<0.05）。观察组不良分娩结局总发生率低于对照组［4.08%（2/49）比16.33%（8/49）］，差异有统计学意义（χ²=4.009，P<0.05）。观察组产妇满意度中各项评分均高于对照组（均P<0.05）。结论　在产妇分娩中采取分娩球会阴按摩联合全程导乐陪伴分娩，可减轻产妇分娩疼痛，提升分娩镇痛效果，改善产妇不良心理状态，增加其安全感和舒适度，有助于分娩顺利进行，减少不良分娩结局发生，从而获得更高的产妇满意度。

关键词: 产妇, 会阴按摩, 分娩球, 全程导乐陪伴分娩, 分娩镇痛, 产程

Abstract:

Objective　To explore the application effect of perineal massage with birthing ball combined with full-time doula companionship during labor in parturients. Methods　A prospective study was conducted on 98 parturients who delivered at the Women and Children's Hospital of Zhumadian Central Hospital from November 2021 to November 2023. They were randomly divided into two groups, with 49 cases in each group. The control group were 23 to 37 (30.56 ± 2.12) years old, and received routine care. The observation group were 23 to 37 (30.59 ± 2.14) years old. They were given perineal massage with a birthing ball combined with full-time doula accompaniment during the delivery process. The effects of labor analgesia, psychological state, comfort levels, progress of labor, incidence rates of adverse labor outcomes, and maternal satisfaction were compared between the two groups. Statistical methods employed t-test and χ² test. Results　The Visual Analogue Scale (VAS) scores for the first, second, and third stages of labor in the observation group were all lower than those in the control group [(1.49±0.54) points vs. (3.56 ±0.67) points, (3.53±1.01) points vs. (8.68±0.52) points, and (2.79±0.64) points vs. (4.46±1.03) points], and the differences were statistically significant (t=16.839, 31.734, and 9.640, all P<0.05). The scores of the Hamilton Anxiety Scale (HAMA) and the Edinburgh Postnatal Depression Scale (EPDS) in the observation group were lower than those in the control group 2 days after delivery [(9.91±2.04) points vs. (14.42±2.18) points and (2.14±0.35) points vs. (4.97±0.62) points], and the differences were statistically significant (t=10.574 and 27.824; both P<0.05). The scores of each item in the Comfort Scale for Delivery (GCQ) of the observation group were all higher than those of the control group 2 days after delivery, and the duration of the labor process of the observation group was shorter than that of the control group (all P<0.05). The total incidence rate of adverse delivery outcomes in the observation group was lower than that in the control group [4.08% (2/49) vs. 16.33% (8/49)], and the difference was statistically significant (χ²=4.009, P<0.05). The scores of satisfaction in the observation group were all higher than those in the control group in each aspect (all P<0.05). Conclusion　During the childbirth process of a pregnant woman, using a birthing ball for perineal massage combined with continuous doula accompaniment can alleviate the pain during childbirth, enhance the effect of labor pain relief, improve the negative psychological state of the pregnant woman, increase her sense of security and comfort, facilitate the smooth progress of childbirth, reduce the occurrence of adverse childbirth outcomes, and achieve higher satisfaction among pregnant women.

Key words: Parturient, Perineal massage, Birthing ball, Doula accompany throughout the delivery process, Labor analgesia, Stage of labor

王海丽倪玲玉潘舒婷. 分娩球会阴按摩联合全程导乐陪伴分娩在产妇分娩中的应用效果[J]. 国际医药卫生导报, 2025, 31(22): 3832-3837.

Wang Haili, Ni Lingyu, Pan Shuting. Application effect of perineum massage combined with doula accompany delivery in maternal delivery[J]. International Medicine and Health Guidance News, 2025, 31(22): 3832-3837.

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