成人全麻气管插管患者术后咽喉痛影响因素的meta分析

doi:10.3760/cma.j.cn441417-20250217-22005

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 目的　对成人全麻气管插管患者术后咽喉痛（POST）影响因素进行meta分析，为早期识别成人全麻气管插管患者POST提供依据，以降低POST的发生率。方法　系统检索各数据库自建库至2024年6月20日成人全麻气管插管患者POST危险因素的相关文献，提取纳入文献的相关资料，采用纽斯卡尔-渥太华量表（NOS）进行文献质量评价，采用Revman 5.3对相关数据进行meta分析。结果　共纳入6篇文献，涉及1 754例成人患者，成人全麻气管插管患者POST发生率为38.7%。meta分析结果显示，多次尝试气管插管（OR=2.49，95%CI 1.55～3.99）、气管插管套囊压力大（OR=2.02，95%CI 1.20～3.41）、女性（OR=1.74，95%CI 1.30～2.33）和拔管时咳嗽（OR=2.99，95%CI 1.87～4.80）是成人全麻气管插管患者POST的危险因素。结论　成人全麻气管插管患者POST受多次尝试气管插管、气管套囊压力大、女性和拔管时咳嗽等多种因素的影响，临床医护人员应早期识别成人全麻气管插管患者POST的发生，为成人全麻气管插管患者POST提供预见性护理。

关键词: 循证护理, 术后咽喉痛, 全麻气管插管, 危险因素, meta分析

Abstract: Objective　To conduct a meta-analysis on the influencing factors of postoperative sore throat (POST) in adult patients taking tracheal intubation under general anesthesia, to provide evidences for early identification of POST in adult patients with tracheal intubation under general anesthesia, and to reduce the incidence of POST. Methods　The literature related to POST risk factors of adult patients taking tracheal intubation under general anesthesia was systematically searched from self-established databases of each database to June 20, 2024, and the relevant data were extracted from the included literature. The literature quality was evaluated by using the Neuskarl-Ottawa Scale (NOS), and the relevant data was meta-analyzed by Revman 5.3. Results　A total of 6 literatures were included, involving 1 754 adult patients, and the incidence rate of POST in the adult patients taking tracheal intubation under general anesthesia was 38.7%. Meta-analysis showed that multiple attempts at tracheal intubation (OR=2.49, 95%CI 1.55-3.99), high tracheal tube pressure (OR=2.02, 95%CI 1.20-3.41), female (OR=1.74, 95%CI 1.30-2.33) and cough during extubation (OR=2.99, 95%CI 1.87-4.80) were risk factors for POST in the adult patients taking tracheal intubation under general anesthesia. Conclusions　The POST of adult patients taking tracheal intubation under general anesthesia is affected by many factors, such as multiple attempts of tracheal intubation, high pressure of tracheal cuff, female and cough during extubation. Clinical medical staff should identify the occurrence of POST in adult patients taking tracheal intubation under general anesthesia early, and provide predictive nursing for POST in adult patients taking tracheal intubation under general anesthesia.

Key words: Evidence-based nursing, Postoperative sore throat, General anesthesia tracheal intubation, Risk factors, Meta-analysis

陆箐王任重屈俊超王静刘卉芳顾媛媛. 成人全麻气管插管患者术后咽喉痛影响因素的meta分析[J]. 国际医药卫生导报, 2025, 31(22): 3718-3722.

Lu Jing, Wang Renzhong, Qu Junchao, Wang Jing, Liu Huifang, Gu Yuanyuan. Influencing factors of postoperative sore throat in adult patients taking tracheal intubation under general anesthesia: a meta-analysis[J]. International Medicine and Health Guidance News, 2025, 31(22): 3718-3722.

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