太极拳锻炼联合护理干预对老年2型糖尿病患者血糖水平及生活质量的影响

doi:10.3760/cma.j.issn.1007-1245.2023.17.027

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

目的　探讨老年2型糖尿病（T2DM）患者采用太极拳锻炼联合护理干预对血糖水平及生活质量的影响。方法　本文为前瞻性研究。选取2020年1月至2022年6月驻马店市中心医院收治的72例老年T2DM患者为研究对象，按照随机数字表法分为两组，各36例。观察组男20例、女16例，年龄（68.42±2.73）岁，采用太极拳锻炼联合护理干预。对照组男19例、女17例，年龄（68.52±2.69）岁，采用常规护理干预。对比两组患者基线资料及干预前、干预后的血糖水平［糖化血红蛋白（HbA1c）、空腹血糖（FBG）及餐后2 h血糖（2hPBG）］、血脂水平［低密度脂蛋白胆固醇（LDL-C）、高密度脂蛋白胆固醇（HDL-C）、总胆固醇（TC）及三酰甘油（TG）］及生活质量［36项简易生活质量量表（SF-36）评分］。采用t检验、χ²检验。结果　干预后，观察组FBG［（6.38±1.06）mmol/L］、2hPBG［（9.41±2.40）mmol/L］及HbA1c水平［（5.43±0.52）%］均低于对照组［（7.42±1.43）mmol/L、（11.55±2.73）mmol/L、（6.10±0.57）%］，差异均有统计学意义（均P<0.05）。干预后，观察组LDL-C［（2.26±0.40）mmol/L］、TC［（4.12±0.48）mmol/L］及TG水平［（2.26±0.44）mmol/L］均低于对照组［（2.79±0.48）mmol/L、（4.47±0.47）mmol/L、（2.95±0.53）mmol/L］，HDL-C水平［（1.92±0.47）mmol/L］高于对照组［（1.52±0.33）mmol/L］，差异均有统计学意义（均P<0.05）。干预后，观察组生理职能［（75.52±7.06）分］、躯体疼痛［（68.47±7.62）分］、精神健康［（75.68±7.08）分］、活力［（69.68±7.23）分］、生理功能［（73.18±6.70）分］、社会功能［（69.65±9.32）分］、情感职能［（69.11±8.88）分］、总体健康评分［（82.45±6.81）分］均高于对照组［（65.38±7.26）分、（62.81±8.23）分、（63.47±7.52）分、（62.13±6.45）分、（65.11±7.24）分、（63.62±8.43）分、（56.37±8.26）分、（72.08±8.26）分］，差异均有统计学意义（均P<0.05）。结论　太极拳锻炼联合护理干预可有效调节老年T2DM患者血糖及血脂水平，提高患者生活质量。

关键词:

2型糖尿病, 太极拳锻炼, 护理, 血糖, 血脂, 生活质量

Abstract:

Objective　To investigate the influence of Taijiquan exercise combined with nursing intervention on blood glucose level and quality of life in elderly patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). Methods　A prospective study was conducted and 72 cases of elderly patients with T2DM admitted to Zhumadian Central Hospital from January 2020 to June 2022 were divided into an observation group (36 cases, Taijiquan exercise combined with nursing intervention) and a control group (36 cases, routine nursing intervention) by the random number table method. In the observation group, there were 20 males and 16 females, aged (68.42±2.73) years. In the control group, there were 19 males and 17 females, aged (68.52±2.69) years. The baseline data and blood glucose levels [glycated hemoglobin (HbA1c), fasting blood glucose (FBG), and postprandial 2 h blood glucose (2hPBG)], blood lipid levels [low density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C), high density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C), total cholesterol (TC), and triglyceride (TG)], and quality of life [36-item Short-Form Health Survey (SF-36) score] before and after intervention were compared between the two groups. t test and χ² test were used. Results　After intervention, the levels of FBG [(6.38±1.06) mmol/L], 2hPBG [(9.41±2.40) mmol/L], and HbA1c [(5.43±0.52)%] in the observation group were lower than those in the control group [(7.42±1.43) mmol/L, (11.55±2.73) mmol/L, and (6.10±0.57)%], with statistically significant differences (all P<0.05). After intervention, the levels of LDL-C [(2.26±0.40) mmol/L], TC [(4.12±0.48) mmol/L], and TG [(2.26±0.44) mmol/L] in the observation group were lower than those in the control group [(2.79±0.48) mmol/L, (4.47±0.47) mmol/L, and (2.95±0.53) mmol/L], while the HDL-C level [(1.92±0.47) mmol/L] was higher than that in the control group [(1.52±0.33) mmol/L], with statistically significant differences (all P<0.05). After intervention, the scores of physiological role [(75.52±7.06) points], physical pain [(68.47±7.62) points], mental health [(75.68±7.08) points], vitality [(69.68±7.23) points], physiological function [(73.18±6.70) points], social function [(69.65±9.32) points], emotional function [(69.11±8.88) points], and overall health [(82.45±6.81) points] in the observation group were higher than those in the control group [(65.38±7.26) points, (62.81±8.23) points, (63.47±7.52) points, (62.13±6.45) points, (65.11±7.24) points, (63.62±8.43) points, (56.37±8.26) points, and (72.08±8.26) points], with statistically significant differences (all P<0.05). Conclusion　Taijiquan exercise combined with nursing intervention can effectively regulate the blood glucose and blood lipid levels in elderly T2DM patients, and improve their quality of life.

Key words:

Type 2 diabetes mellitus, Taijiquan exercise, Nursing, Blood glucose, Blood lipids, Quality of life

张村女万宁赵丹.

太极拳锻炼联合护理干预对老年2型糖尿病患者血糖水平及生活质量的影响 [J]. 国际医药卫生导报, 2023, 29(17): 2489-2493.

Zhang Cunnyu, Wan Ning, Zhao Dan.

Influence of Taijiquan exercise combined with nursing intervention on blood glucose level and quality of life in elderly patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus [J]. International Medicine and Health Guidance News, 2023, 29(17): 2489-2493.

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