ICU转出患者家属转科应激现状及影响因素的研究

doi:10.3760/cma.j.issn.1007-1245.2022.18.018

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 目的　识别ICU转出患者家属转科应激的现状及影响因素。方法　本研究采用横断面研究方法。选择2020年4月至2021年2月在广东省人民医院ICU治疗后成功转出ICU的120例患者家属为研究对象，其中男性53例、女性67例，年龄为（45.64±9.76）岁。采用一般情况调查表及中文版ICU患者家属迁移应激量表，对其迁移应激状况进行调查。对影响转出ICU后其家属迁移应激状况的因素采用单因素及多因素分析进行分析。统计学方法采用独立样本t检验、方差分析、多元线性回归分析。结果　ICU转出患者家属转科应激总分为（54.25±6.31）分，条目均分为（3.23±0.48）分。条目均分最高及最低的维度分别为转科准备［（3.78±0.51）分］、转科满意度［（2.75±0.31）分］。单因素分析显示：家属转科应激得分在不同家属性别、文化程度、宗教信仰及患者年龄、付费方式、ICU治疗时间之间差异均有统计学意义（均P<0.05）。多因素分析显示：影响家属转科应激的主要因素有家属文化程度、家属性别、患者年龄、患者ICU治疗时间（均P<0.05）。结论　ICU转出患者家属转科应激水平处于中等偏上。护士在重视患者疾病恢复的同时，也应多关注家属的心理，特别是年龄较小、ICU住院时间较长患者的家属及学历较低的女性家属，给予积极的心理疏导。

关键词: ICU, 患者家属, 转科应激, 迁移应激

Abstract: Objective　To identify the current situation and influencing factors of transfer stress among family members of ICU transferred patients. Methods　A cross-sectional approach was adopted in this study. A total of 120 family members of patients who were successfully transferred out of ICU after ICU treatment in Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital from April 2020 to February 2021 were selected as the research subjects, including 53 males and 67 females, aged (45.64±9.76) years. The general situation questionnaire and the Chinese version of ICU Patients' Family Migration Stress Scale were used to investigate their migration stress status. Univariate and multivariate analysis were used to analyze the factors affecting the migration stress among their family members after they were transferred out of ICU. Independent sample t test, analysis of variance, and multiple linear regression analysis were used for statistical analysis. Results　The total stress score of transferred ICU patients' family members was (54.25±6.31) points, and all items were (3.23±0.48) points. The dimensions with the highest and lowest item average scores were transfer preparation [(3.78±0.51) points] and transfer satisfaction [(2.75±0.31) points]. Univariate analysis showed that there were statistically significant differences in the score of transfer stress among different family members' gender, education level, and religious belief and patients' age, payment method, and ICU treatment time groups (all P<0.05). Multivariate analysis showed that the main factors affecting the family members' transfer stress were family members' education level and gender and patients' age and ICU treatment time (all P<0.05). Conclusions　The transfer stress level among family members of ICU transferred patients is above medium. While paying attention to the patients' recovery, nurses should also pay more attention to the family members' psychology, especially the family members of patients with younger age and longer ICU stay and female family members with lower education level, and give positive psychological counseling.

Key words: ICU, Patients' family members, Transfer stress, Migration stress

卢沛珊廖游玩陈颖高晶谢银均. ICU转出患者家属转科应激现状及影响因素的研究[J]. 国际医药卫生导报, 2022, 28(18): 2595-2599.

Lu Peishan, Liao Youwan, Chen Ying, Gao Jing, Xie Yinjun. Study on the transfer stress status and influencing factors among family members of ICU transferred patients [J]. International Medicine and Health Guidance News, 2022, 28(18): 2595-2599.

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