关键词: 青少年父母, 近视防治知识, 防治行为, 调查研究

Abstract: Objective　To investigate the myopia prevention and control knowledge and behaviors of adolescent parents, and to guide the prevention and treatment of myopia in adolescents. Methods　A cross-sectional survey method was used to select the adolescent parents who brought their children for vision diagnosis and treatment in Eye Clinic, Jinan Second People's Hospital from August 2021 to January 2022. And the parents' general information was investigated by the General Information Scale. The Adolescent Parents' Myopia Prevention Cognition Questionnaire and Parents' Myopia Prevention Behavior Questionnaire designed by the senior physicians in Eye Clinic, Jinan Second People's Hospital were used to investigate the knowledge and prevention behaviors of the adolescent parents on myopia prevention and control. The data were analyzed by SPSS 22.0, and compared between the groups by χ² test. Results　A total of 664 adolescent parents were surveyed, including 292 males (45.06%) and 356 females (54.94%), and 648 valid questionnaires were obtained; 69 (10.65%) were <30 years old, 439 (67.75%) 30-40 years old, and 140 (21.60%) >40 years old; 66 ones' education level was junior high school or below (10.19%), 351 ones' high school or technical secondary school (54.17%), and 231 ones' junior college or above (35.65%). According to the presence or absence of myopia in the children, the parents were divided into a myopic adolescent parent group and a normal vision adolescent parent group. The aware rates of "the reading light intensity at night should be ≥200 Lux", "the writing distance, the distance from the chest to the table, and the distance from the book to the eyes should be kept at 3.3 cm, 6.0-7.0 cm, and 33.0 cm, respectively", "even if desk lamp lighting is used, the incident light should be from the opposite side of the dominant hand", "vision training can delay the increase of myopia diopter", "wearing overcorrected myopia glasses can aggravate the progression of myopia", "refractive surgery is an effective way to correct the vision of people ≥18 years old with stable diopter, but reasonable expectations should be maintained", and "every day outdoor activities or physical exercise for 1 to 2 hours helps prevent myopia" in the myopic adolescent parent group were lower than those in the normal vision adolescent parent group [69.21% (281/406) vs. 76.86% (186/242), 55.17% (224/406) vs. 71.07% (172/242), 74.88% (304/406) vs. 85.95% (208/242), 77.09% (313/406) vs. 84.30% (204/242), 79.80% (324/406) vs. 89.26% (216/242), 74.14% (301/406) vs. 81.82% (198/242), and 88.18% (358/406) vs. 93.80% (227/242)], with statistical differences (χ²=4.405, 16.133, 11.212, 4.879, 9.756, 4.614, and 5.465; all P<0.05). There were statistical differences in the prevention behaviors, such as "the parents regularly urge or bring their children to the ophthalmology institutions to check their vision", "the parents often urge their children to maintain good sleep", "the parents often urge their children to go outdoors", "the parents often supervise their children to maintain good eye habits", "while they live together, the parents control the teenagers' screen time", "the parents frequently discuss or share topics related to the hazards and prevention of myopia with teenagers", "compared with good eyesight, the parents insist on excellent academic performance and put it into action", etc. between these two groups (all P<0.05). Conclusions　The parents of adolescents who received the questionnaire survey in Jinan Second People's Hospital were not optimistic about the awareness rate of knowledge related to myopia prevention. Parents of normal vision adolescents are better than parents of myopia adolescents in knowledge awareness rate and myopia prevention behaviors.

Key words: Parents of teenagers, Myopia prevention knowledge, Prevention behaviors, Investigation and research