关键词: 肺曲霉菌球, 支气管镜, 特点, 护理对策

Abstract: Objective　To explore the characteristics and countermeasures of patients treated by bronchoscopic removal of pulmonary aspergilloma. Methods　This study was a retrospective study. The clinical data of 52 patients undergoing bronchoscopic removal of pulmonary aspergilloma (the treatment group) and 52 patients undergoing ordinary bronchoscopy (the control group) were reviewed in Guangzhou Chest Hospital from November 2018 to December 2020. There were 46 males and 6 females in the treatment group, with an age of (47.00±13.48) years old; there were 44 males and 8 females in the control group, with an age of (48.00±16.28) years old. The differences of heart rate, oxygen saturation, blood pressure, operation time, and bleeding were compared between the two groups. Independent sample t test was used for the measurement data, and χ² test was used for the count data. Results　The heart rate and operation time of the treatment group were (112.0±6.46) beats/min and (39.95±8.32) min, respectively, which were higher than those of the control group [(100.0±9.11) beats/min and (8.83±2.46) min], and the blood oxygen saturation was (96.0±0.69)%, which was lower than that of the control group [(98.0±1.11)%], with statistically significant differences (all P<0.05). There were no statistically significant differences in the systolic blood pressure and diastolic blood pressure between the two groups (both P>0.05). The incidence of microscopic bleeding in the treatment group was 48.08% (25/52), which was higher than that in the control group [0.00% (0/52)], with a statistically significant difference between the two groups (χ²=32.911, P<0.001). Conclusions　Patients treated with bronchoscopic removal of pulmonary aspergilloma are more tense and have a high risk of hypoxemia and hemorrhage. Adopting preoperative, intraoperative, and postoperative nursing strategies, control of high-risk factors, and grasping the timing of treatment play key roles in preventing serious complications.

Key words: Pulmonary aspergilloma, Bronchoscopy, Characteristics, Nursing countermeasures