基于健康生态学理论的护理策略对妊娠期高血压孕妇健康的影响

doi:10.3760/cma.j.cn441417-20250228-21030

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 目的　探讨基于健康生态学理论的护理策略对妊娠期高血压孕妇健康的影响。方法　选取2022年8月至2024年8月郑州市妇幼保健院收治的104例妊娠期高血压孕妇作为研究对象。采用随机数字表法，将患者分为观察组（52例）和对照组（52例）。观察组初产妇33例，经产妇19例；年龄（28.20±3.42）岁；孕周（24.85±1.96）周。对照组初产妇30例，经产妇22例；年龄（27.96±3.33）岁；孕周（24.13±1.79）周。对照组采用常规护理干预，观察组采用基于健康生态学理论的护理策略干预。两组均干预至分娩结束。比较两组干预前后健康知识水平（疾病知识、血压监测知识、并发症知识及健康生活知识）、心理健康情况［焦虑自评量表（SAS）、抑郁自评量表（SDS）］、血压水平。采用独立样本t检验、配对t检验和χ²检验进行统计学分析。结果　干预后，观察组疾病知识、血压监测知识、并发症知识及健康生活知识评分均高于对照组［（8.36±1.05）分比（6.67±1.23）分、（7.84±1.32）分比（6.43±1.24）分、（7.53±1.04）分比（6.29±1.12）分、（8.24±1.30）分比（6.65±1.11）分］（均P<0.05）；观察组SAS、SDS评分均低于对照组［（42.56±5.57）分比（48.62±4.67）分、（42.97±5.33）分比（48.67±5.72）分］（均P<0.05）；观察组舒张压、收缩压均低于对照组［（78.39±8.93）mmHg（1 mmHg=0.133 kPa）比（90.97±10.69）mmHg、（122.49±9.99）mmHg比（138.72±10.66）mmHg］（均P<0.05）。结论　妊娠期高血压孕妇采用基于健康生态学理论的护理策略干预能有效提高健康知识水平，改善不良心理情绪，稳定血压水平。

关键词: 妊娠期高血压, 健康生态学理论, 血压, 心理健康

Abstract: Objective　Explore the impact of nursing strategies based on health ecology theory on the health of pregnant women with gestational hypertension. Methods　A total of 104 pregnant women with gestational hypertension who were admitted to Women&Infants Hospital of Zhengzhou from August 2022 to August 2024 were selected as the research subjects. Using the random number table method, the patients were divided into the observation group (52 cases) and the control group (52 cases). In the observation group, there were 33 primiparas and 19 multiparas; age (28.20±3.42) years; gestational age (24.85±1.96) weeks. In the control group, there were 30 primiparas and 22 multiparas; age (27.96±3.33) years; gestational age (24.13±1.79) weeks. The control group received conventional nursing intervention, while the observation group was given nursing strategies based on the health ecology theory. Both groups were intervened until the delivery was completed. The health knowledge levels (disease knowledge, blood pressure monitoring knowledge, complication knowledge, and healthy lifestyle knowledge) and mental health conditions [Self-Rating Anxiety Scale (SAS), Self-Rating Depression Scale (SDS)] as well as blood pressure levels were compared between the two groups before and after the intervention. Independent sample t test, paired t test, and χ² test were used for statistical analysis. Results　After the intervention, the scores of disease knowledge, blood pressure monitoring knowledge, complication knowledge and healthy lifestyle knowledge in the observation group were all higher than those in the control group [(8.36±1.05) points vs. (6.67±1.23) points, (7.84±1.32) points vs. (6.43±1.24) points, (7.53±1.04) points vs. (6.29±1.12) points, (8.24±1.30) points vs. (6.65±1.11) points] (all P<0.05); the SAS and SDS scores of the observation group were lower than those of the control group [(42.56±5.57) points vs. (48.62±4.67) points, (42.97±5.33) points vs. (48.67±5.72) points] (both P<0.05); the diastolic and systolic blood pressures in the observation group were both lower than those in the control group [(78.39±8.93) mmHg (1 mmHg=0.133 kPa) vs. (90.97±10.69) mmHg, (122.49±9.99) mmHg vs. (138.72±10.66) mmHg] (both P<0.05). Conclusion　For pregnant women with gestational hypertension, implementing a nursing intervention strategy based on the health ecology theory can effectively enhance their health knowledge, alleviate negative psychological emotions, and stabilize blood pressure levels.

Key words: Gestational hypertension, Health ecology theory, Blood pressure, Mental health

李婷郑莉. 基于健康生态学理论的护理策略对妊娠期高血压孕妇健康的影响[J]. 国际医药卫生导报, 2025, 31(21): 3672-3676.

Li Ting, Zheng Li. The impact of nursing strategies based on health ecology theory on the health of pregnant women with gestational hypertension[J]. International Medicine and Health Guidance News, 2025, 31(21): 3672-3676.

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