关键词:

宫颈息肉, 危险因素, 临床调查, 受试者操作特征曲线

Abstract:

Objective　To investigate the clinical risk factors associated with the development of cervical polyps and to develop a predictive model to increase population vigilance on this disease. Methods　This was a retrospective study. A total of 239 patients who underwent hysteroscopic surgery in the Department of Gynecology, Affiliated Hospital of Jining Medical College from December 1, 2021 to December 1, 2022 were selected as the study objects, and were divided into two groups according to postoperative pathological data. Among them, 131 patients with cervical polyps ranged in age from 27 to 77 years old, with a median age of 49 years old; 108 patients without cervical polyps ranged in age from 15 to 58 years old, with a median age of 44 years old. Univariate analysis and multivariate binary logistic regression analysis were used to analyze the risk factors of cervical polyps, and the receiver operating characteristic curve (ROC) was used to test the evaluation value of relevant risk factors of cervical polyps. Mann-Whitney U test, χ² test, or Fisher exact probability method were used for statistical analysis.Results　The results of univariate analysis showed that there was statistically significant differences in the incidence of age, body mass index (BMI), obesity (BMI ≥25 kg/m²), gestational time, menopause, hypertension [systolic blood pressure ≥140 mmHg (1 mmHg=0.133 kPa) and/or diastolic blood pressure ≥90 mmHg], uterine fibroids, or endometrial polyps between the cervical polyp group and the non-cervical polyp group (all P<0.05). Multivariate binary logistic regression analysis showed that obesity [odds ratio (OR) =5.080, 95% confidence interval (95%CI) 1.769-14.588, P=0.003], hypertension (OR=6.629, 95%CI 2.456-17.890, P<0.001), uterine fibroids (OR=2.018, 95%CI 1.020-3.993, P=0.044), endometrial polyps (OR=3.623, 95%CI 1.806-7.265, P<0.001), and pregnancy times (OR=1.349, 95%CI 1.037-1.755, P=0.026) were clinical risk factors for cervical polyps. ROC analysis results showed that the combined detection of obesity, hypertension, uterine fibroids, endometrial polyps, and pregnancy times had a medium value in evaluating the occurrence of cervical polyps, with the area under the curve of 0.808 (0.753-0.864). Conclusions　Obesity, hypertension, uterine fibroids, endometrial polyps, and pregnancy times are all high risk factors for the incidence of cervical polyps. The evaluation value of the combined detection of these indicators is higher than that of each single indicator, which is convenient for clinicians to screen high-risk groups early.

Key words:

Cervical polyps, Risk factors, Clinical investigation, Receiver operating characteristic curve