Abstract: Objective　To explore the application value of the neonatal intensive care unit (NICU) emergency prevention and control nursing plan during the epidemic period of COVID-19. Methods　A total of 320 isolated neonates admitted to NICU, Xiaolan Hospital, Southern Medical University from March 2021 to April 2022 were included as the observation objects, and were divided into an observation group and a control group by the random number table method, with 160 cases in each group. The observation group were 0-19 (14.62±5.21) days old. The control group were 0-20 (13.88±5.22) days old. The control group implemented standard prevention during the treatment after being received, while the observation group formulated personalized protective measures after conducting risk assessment using the self-made risk assessment table based on the control group. The clinical data of the two groups were calculated, and the NICU nursing team with the same personnel configuration performed the nursing work. The infection rates, psychological status scores, and protective equipment use of the medical staff in the two groups were compared, and the application value of emergency prevention and control nurses in NICU was comprehensively analyzed. The comparison between the two groups were performed by independent-sample t and χ² tests. Results　The infection rates of the medical staff in both groups were 0. The self-confidence, recognition of protective measures, optimism, and sleep quality of the medical staff in the observation group were higher than those in the control group [(4.26±0.32) vs. (3.01±1.31), (4.55±0.31) vs. (3.61±0.43), (4.26±0.53) vs. (3.42±0.87), and (4.72±0.14) vs. (3.04±1.43)], but the score of anxiety was lower than that in the control group [(2.08±0.33) vs. (3.14±1.21)], with statistical differences (t=3.933, 7.523, ,3.498 4.961, and 3.586; all P<0.05). The observation group used 138 boxes of masks, 27 N95 masks, 56 pairs of protective glasses, and 327 isolation gowns; the control group used 211 boxes of masks, 56 N95 masks, 87 pairs of protective glasses, and 413 isolation gowns; the amount of protective equipment used in the observation group was less than that in the control group. Conclusions　It is of positive significance to formulate the NICU emergency prevention and control nursing plan during the epidemic period of COVID-19; the plan can effectively reduce the infection rate of medical staff, improve their psychological status, and effectively reduce the use of protective equipment.

Key words: COVID-19, NICU, Emergency prevention and control, Nursing plan

摘要： 目的　探讨新型冠状病毒肺炎流行期间新生儿重症监护病房（neonatal intensive care unit，NICU）应急防控护理预案的应用价值。方法　前瞻性纳入2021年3月至2022年4月于南方医科大学附属小榄医院NICU收治的320例隔离新生儿作为观察对象，采用随机数字表法分为观察组与对照组，各160例。观察组新生儿日龄0~19（14.62±5.21）d；对照组新生儿日龄0~20（13.88±5.22）d。对照组在接诊后救治过程中落实标准预防，观察组在对照组的基础上采用自制的风险评估表进行风险评估后为其制定个性化的防护措施，统计两组患儿的临床资料，并由相同人员配置的NICU护理团队展开护理工作，对两组医护人员感染率、心理状况评分及防护用品使用量进行比较，综合分析NICU应急防控护理员的应用价值。组间比较采用独立样本t检验和χ²检验。结果　两组医护人员感染率均为0。观察组医护人员自信心、防护措施认可度、乐观情绪及睡眠质量均高于对照组［（4.26±0.32）分比（3.01±1.31）分、（4.55±0.31）分比（3.61±0.43）分、（4.26±0.53）分比（3.42±0.87）分、（4.72±0.14）分比（3.04±1.43）分］，担忧情绪评分低于对照组［（2.08±0.33）分比（3.14±1.21）分］，两组比较，差异均有统计学意义（t=3.933、7.523、3.498、4.961、3.586，均P<0.05）。观察组共使用口罩138盒，N95口罩27个，护目镜56个，隔离衣327件；对照组共使用口罩211盒，N95口罩56个，护目镜87个，隔离衣413件。观察组防护用品使用量少于对照组。结论　在新型冠状病毒肺炎流行期间制定NICU应急防控护理预案具有积极意义，可有效降低医护人员的感染率，改善其心理状况，且可有效降低防护用品的使用量。

关键词: 新型冠状病毒肺炎, NICU, 应急防控, 护理预案