Abstract: Objective　To explore the best nursing method for children with congenital hypospadias after urethroplasty. Methods　A total of 85 children with congenital hypospadias who received surgical treatment in Zhumadian Central Hospital from July 2019 to March 2021 were selected as the research objects for the prospective study, and they were divided into a control group (42 cases) and an observation group (43 cases) with the envelope method. The children in the control group were (6.34±1.34) years old, and the children in the observation group were (6.76±1.41) years old. The control group was given routine nursing intervention, and the observation group was given comprehensive nursing intervention. The time of first defecation, incidence of urinary fistula, change of pain degree, and nursing satisfaction were compared between the two groups. The measurement data were tested by independent sample t test, and the count data were tested by χ² test. Results　The first defecation time of the observation group after surgery was (31.42±8.89) h, which was significantly shorter than that of the control group [(36.85±9.14) h] (t=2.777, P=0.007). The incidence of postoperative urinary fistula in the observation group was 4.65% (2/43), which was significantly lower than that in the control group [21.43% (9/42)] (χ²=5.308, P=0.021). The pain scores of the observation group 1 d, 3 d, and 7 d after surgery were (5.41±1.09), (4.13±1.05), and (3.14±0.54) points, which were lower than those in the control group [(6.13±1.23), (4.85±1.17), and (3.60±0.75) points] (all P<0.05). The nursing satisfaction degree of the observation group was higher than that of the control group [97.67% (42/43) vs. 78.57% (33/42)] (χ²=7.470, P=0.006). Conclusion　Comprehensive nursing intervention in children with congenital hypospadias after urethroplasty can speed up the recovery process and increase the safety, is recognized by children and their families, and has a high application value.

Key words: Comprehensive nursing, Congenital hypospadias, Urethroplasty, Postoperative recovery, Nursing satisfaction

摘要： 目的　探究小儿先天性尿道下裂尿道成形术后最佳护理方式。方法　选取2019年7月至2021年3月驻马店市中心医院收治的先天性尿道下裂行手术治疗的患儿85例作为研究对象，进行前瞻性研究，按照信封法分为对照组（42例）和观察组（43例），其中对照组患儿年龄（6.34±1.34）岁，观察组患儿年龄（6.76±1.41）岁。给予对照组常规护理干预，观察组实施综合护理干预，对比两组患儿术后首次排便时间、尿瘘发生率、疼痛度变化及护理满意度。计量资料采用独立样本t检验，计数资料采用χ²检验。结果　观察组患儿术后首次排便时间为（31.42±8.89）h较对照组（36.85±9.14）h明显缩短（t=2.777，P=0.007）；观察组患儿术后尿瘘的发生率为4.65%（2/43），明显少于对照组［21.43%（9/42）］（χ²=5.308，P=0.021）；观察组术后1 d、3 d、7 d疼痛评分分别为（5.41±1.09）分、（4.13±1.05）分、（3.14±0.54）分，均低于对照组［（6.13±1.23）分、（4.85±1.17）分、（3.60±0.75）分］（均P<0.05）；观察组护理满意度高于对照组［97.67%（42/43）比78.57%（33/42）］（χ²=7.470，P=0.006）。结论　小儿先天性尿道下裂尿道成形术后实施综合护理干预，可加快恢复进程，增加安全性，深得患儿和家属认可，应用价值高。

关键词: 综合护理, 先天性尿道下裂, 尿道成形术, 术后恢复, 护理满意度