Abstract:

Early diagnosis of carotid atherosclerosis is an important means for prevention of cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases. Currently, MRI, CT angiography (CTA), digital subtraction angiography (DSA), and ultrasound can detect carotid atherosclerotic plaques. However, ultrasound has been paid more and more attention in clinic due to its advantages of repeatability, non-invasion, and low cost. In addition to conventional ultrasound techniques, new ultrasound techniques have gradually come on the market and play an important role in assessing the vulnerability of carotid plaque and carotid artery elasticity. In this paper, the application of new techniques such as contrast-enhanced ultrasound, superb microvascular imaging, bright-mode blood flow imaging, vector flow mapping, three-dimensional vascular ultrasound imaging, shear wave imaging, and ultrafast ultrasound imaging pulse wave velocity in the diagnosis of carotid atherosclerosis plaque is reviewed.

Key words:

Multimodal ultrasound, Carotid atherosclerotic plaque, New ultrasound technology, Progress

摘要：

早期诊断颈动脉粥样硬化是预防心脑血管疾病的重要手段。目前，磁共振（MRI）、CT血管成像（CTA）、数字减影血管造影（DSA）及超声检查等均可检出颈动脉粥样硬化斑块，但超声凭借可重复、无创、费用低等优点，在临床上愈加受到重视。除常规超声检查技术外，超声检查新技术已逐渐推广，并在评估颈动脉斑块的易损性、颈动脉弹性等方面发挥重要作用。本文就超声造影、超微血管成像、灰阶血流成像、血流向量成像、三维血管成像、剪切波成像、极速成像脉搏波等新技术在颈动脉粥样硬化斑块诊断中的应用进展进行综述。

关键词:

多模态超声, 颈动脉粥样硬化斑块, 超声新技术, 进展