Abstract:

Objective　To investigate the application effect of modified fluid cushion on the prevention of facial pressure injury in patients undergoing spinal surgery in prone position. Methods　A total of 120 patients who underwent spinal surgery in prone position in the operating room of Jieyang People's Hospital from July 2022 to August 2023 were selected for a randomized controlled trial, and were divided into a control group and an observation group by the envelope drawing method, with 60 patients in each group. The control group included 29 males and 31 females, aged (56.90±7.47) years. The observation group included 33 males and 27 females, aged (56.37±7.48) years. The control group used traditional gel head cushion, and the observation group used modified fluid head cushion. The occurrence of postoperative facial pressure injury of surgical patients in the two groups and the satisfaction of surgical nurses with the use of head cushion in the preoperative, intraoperative, and postoperative periods were recorded. Statistical methods used were χ² test and t test. Results　The incidence of postoperative facial pressure injury in the observation group was lower than that in the control group [13.33% (8/60) vs. 0], with a statistically significant difference (χ²=8.81, P<0.05). The nurses' satisfaction with the use of head cushion in the observation group was higher than that in the control group [98.33% (59/60) vs. 68.33% (41/60)], with a statistically significant difference (χ²=19.44, P<0.05). Conclusions　The modified fluid cushion can effectively reduce the incidence of facial pressure injury in patients undergoing spinal surgery in prone position, maintain the neutral position of the head and neck, reduce the postoperative complications, and alleviate the patients' pain. At the same time, the modified fluid head cushion is easy to use, which can reduce the working pressure of surgical nurses, improve the satisfaction of use, and is worthy of clinical application.

Key words:

Spinal surgery, Prone position, Pressure injury, Fluid cushion

摘要：

目的　探讨改良流体垫预防俯卧位脊柱手术患者颜面部压力性损伤的应用效果。方法　选取2022年7月至2023年8月揭阳市人民医院行俯卧位脊柱手术的120例患者进行随机对照试验，采用信封抽签法将患者分为对照组和观察组，各60例。对照组男29例、女31例，年龄（56.90±7.47）岁，使用传统凝胶头垫；观察组男33例、女27例，年龄（56.37±7.48）岁，使用改良流体头垫。记录两组手术患者术后颜面部压力性损伤发生的情况及手术护士对患者头垫使用满意度。统计学方法采用χ²检验和t检验。结果　观察组患者术后颜面部压力性损伤发生率低于对照组［13.33%（8/60）比0］，差异有统计学意义（χ²=8.81，P<0.05）。护士对观察组头垫使用满意度高于对照组［98.33%（59/60）比68.33%（41/60）］，差异有统计学意义（χ²=19.44，P<0.05）。结论　改良流体垫能有效降低俯卧位脊柱手术患者颜面部压力性损伤发生率，并保持患者头颈中立位置，减少术后并发症，减轻手术患者的痛苦。同时，改良流体垫的使用方法简便，可以减轻手术护士术中的工作压力，提高使用满意度，值得临床推广应用。

关键词:

脊柱手术, 俯卧位, 压力性损伤, 流体垫