Abstract:

Objective　To investigate the compatibility characteristics of single drugs and high frequency drugs in the ancient prescriptions for patients with viral pneumonia using the association rule algorithm. Methods　Nine hundred and eighty-five traditional Chinese medicine prescriptions related to viral pneumonia were retrieved from the database of traditional Chinese medicine classical prescriptions of Institute of Traditional Chinese Medicine Information, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences from its establishment to October 2023. Excel 2016 was used to establish a data table; the single drug was statistically analyzed; the association rules of drug compatibility were analyzed; the cluster analysis was performed. Results　Among the collected prescriptions, 43 herbs appeared ≥50 times. According to the statistical analysis of the high frequency single herbs, we found that the drug property analysis showed that 18 warm herbs appeared 1 773 times and 16 cold herbs appeared 1 226 times, accounting for 43.33% and 29.96%, respectively; the herb taste analysis showed that 18 acrid herbs appeared 2 268 times, 22 bitter herbs appeared 2 013 times, and 17 sweet herbs appeared 1 681 times, accounting for 35.55%, 31.55%, and 26.35%, respectively; the drug meridian analysis showed that 26 herbs of lung meridian appeared 2 501 times, 23 herbs of spleen meridian appeared 2 447 times, 18 herbs of stomach meridian appeared 1 587 times, and 14 herbs of heart meridian appeared 1 324 times, accounting for 21.45%, 20.99%, 13.61%, and 11.36%, respectively; the function analysis showed that 12 diaphoresis herbs appeared 2 501 times, 7 qi-restorative herbs appeared 827 times, and 9 heat-clearing herbs appeared 662 times, accounting for 27.59%, 20.21%, and 16.18%, respectively. The high frequency drug combinations were "Ku Xingren, Shigao, and Mahuang", "Jinyinhua, Gancao, and Lianqiao", and "Caoguo, Huoxiang, and Houpu". Conclusion　In the ancient prescriptions for patients with viral pneumonia, the drugs are more inclined to warm spicy, cold bitter, cold sweet, etc., into the lung, spleen, and stomach meridians, with heat clearing and detoxification, spreading lung and passing evil as the basic treatment principle.

Key words:

Viral pneumonia, Association rules, Cluster, Classical prescriptions, Compatibility of medicines

摘要：

目的　利用关联规则算法，探索治疗病毒性肺炎古方中的单味药频次及药物之间配伍特征。方法　利用中国中医科学院中医药信息研究所“中医古方数据库”，检索治疗病毒性肺炎相关古方，得到985首方剂，去除与本次检索目的无关方剂，最终纳入749首方剂进行分析。采用Excel 2016建立数据表，并对单味药进行统计、药物配伍、关联规则分析及聚类分析。筛选时间为建库至2023年10月。结果　收集方剂中共涉及290味药，筛选出在治疗病毒性肺炎古方中出现频次≥50次的药物，共有43味药，对其中高频单味药进行统计得出：⑴从药性角度分析，温性药18味、出现1 773次，寒性药16味、出现1 226次，各占药性频次总数的43.33%和29.96%；⑵从药味角度分析，辛味药18味、出现2 268次，苦味药22味、出现2 013次，甘味药17味、出现1 681次，各占药味频次总数的35.55%、31.55%和26.35%；⑶从归经角度分析，归肺经药26味、出现2 501次，归脾经药23味、出现2 447次，归胃经药18味、出现1 587次，归心经药14味、出现1 324次，各占归经频次总数的21.45%、20.99%、13.61%和11.36%；⑷从功效角度分析，解表药12味、出现2 501次，补虚药7味、出现827次，清热药9味、出现662次，各占功效频次总数的27.59%、20.21%和16.18%。治疗病毒性肺炎古方中药物关联规则结果显示，重要性高的3个药物组合分别为“苦杏仁、石膏、麻黄”“金银花、甘草、连翘”“草果、藿香、厚朴”。结论　治疗病毒性肺炎古方中，药物多偏于温辛、寒苦、寒甘等，入肺、脾、胃经，以清热解毒、宣肺透邪为基本治则。

关键词:

病毒性肺炎, 关联规则, 聚类, 经典古方, 配伍规律